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IKAROS

December 02, 2023

IKAROS (Interplanetary Kite-craft Accelerated by Radiation Of the Sun) is a Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) experimental spacecraft. The spacecraft was launched on 20 May 2010, aboard an H-IIA rocket, together with the Akatsuki (Venus Climate Orbiter) probe and four other small spacecraft. IKAROS is the first spacecraft to successfully demonstrate solar sail technology in interplanetary space.[3][8]

IKAROS
A 1:64 scale model of the 14 m × 14 m (46 ft × 46 ft) sized IKAROS spacecraft
Mission typeSolar sail technology
OperatorJAXA[1][2][3][4]
COSPAR ID2010-020E
SATCAT no.36577
Websiteglobal.jaxa.jp/projects/sas/ikaros/
Mission duration5 years launch to last contact in 2015
Spacecraft properties
Launch mass310 kg[5]
DimensionsSolar sail: 14 m × 14 m (46 ft × 46 ft) (area: 196 m2 (2,110 sq ft))[6]
Start of mission
Launch date21:58:22, 20 May 2010 (UTC) (2010-05-20T21:58:22Z)
RocketH-IIA 202
Launch siteTanegashima, LA-Y
End of mission
Last contact20 May 2015[7]
Orbital parameters
Reference systemHeliocentric orbit
Flyby of Venus
Closest approach8 December 2010
Distance80,800 kilometers (50,200 mi)
 

On 8 December 2010, IKAROS flew by Venus at a distance of 80,800 km (50,200 mi), successfully completing its planned mission, and entered its extended operation phase.[9][10][11][12]

Purpose edit

The IKAROS probe is the world's first spacecraft to use solar sailing as the main propulsion.[13] It was designed to demonstrate four key technologies (comments in parentheses refer to figure):

  1. Deployment and control of a large, thin solar sail membrane (grey-blue areas numbered 3)
  2. Thin-film solar cells integrated into the sail to power the payload (black rectangles numbered 4)
  3. Measurement of acceleration due to radiation pressure on the solar sail
  4. Attitude control by varying the reflectance of 80 liquid crystal panels embedded in the sail (orange rectangles numbered 2)

The mission also includes investigations of aspects of interplanetary space, such as gamma-ray bursts, solar wind and cosmic dust.[14]

The probe's ALADDIN instrument (ALDN-S and ALDN-E) measured the variation in dust density[15] while its Gamma-Ray Burst Polarimeter (GAP) measured the polarization of gamma-ray bursts during its six-month cruise.[16]

IKAROS is to be followed by a 40 by 40 metres (130 ft × 130 ft) sail, the Jupiter Trojan Asteroid Explorer, intended to journey to Jupiter and the Trojan asteroids, to be launched in the late 2020s, with a proposed goal of returning an asteroid sample to Earth in the 2050s.[17][18][19][20]

Design edit

 
IKAROS sail schematic diagram:
  1. (blue square on a line) Tip mass 0.5 kg (1.1 lb), 1 of 4.
  2. (orange rectangle) Liquid crystal device, 1 of 80.
  3. (blue square) Membrane 7.5 μm (0.00030 in) thick, 20 metres (66 ft) on the diagonal.
  4. (black rectangle) Solar cells 25 μm (0.00098 in) thick.
  5. (yellow and blue lines) Tethers.
  6. (blue disc) Main body.
  7. (yellow dots) Instruments.
 
IKAROS spaceprobe in flight (artist's depiction)

The square sail, deployed via a spinning motion using 0.5-kilogram (1.1 lb) tip masses (key item 1 in figure at right), is 20 m (66 ft) on the diagonal and is made of a 7.5-micrometre (0.00030 in) thick sheet of polyimide (key item 3 in figure at right). The polyimide sheet had a mass of about 10 grams per square metre (0.033 oz/sq ft), resulting in a total sail mass of 2 kilograms (4.4 lb), excluding tip masses, attached panels and tethers. A thin-film solar array is embedded in the sail (key item 4 in figure at right). PowerFilm, Inc. provided the thin-film solar array.[21] Eighty blocks of LCD panels are embedded in the sail,[22] whose reflectance can be adjusted for attitude control (key item 2 in figure at right). The sail also contains eight dust counters on the opposite face as part of the science payload.[23][24]

Mission progress edit

IKAROS was successfully launched together with Akatsuki (the Venus Climate Orbiter) aboard an H-IIA rocket from the Tanegashima Space Center on 21 May 2010.[citation needed]

IKAROS spun at 20–25 revolutions per minute and finished unfurling its sail on 10 June 2010.[25][26][27] The craft contains two tiny ejectable cameras, DCAM1 and DCAM2. DCAM2 was used to photograph the sail after deployment on 14 July 2010.[28]

Acceleration and attitude control (orientation) were successfully tested during the remaining six-month voyage to Venus. On 9 July 2010, JAXA confirmed that IKAROS is being accelerated by its solar sail,[29] and on 23 July announced successful attitude control. Over a 23-hour period of time, the solar angle of the sail was changed by a half a degree, not by using thrusters, but by dynamically controlling the reflectivity of the 80 liquid crystal panels at the outer edge of the sail so that the sunlight pressure would produce torque.[30] IKAROS continues to spin at approximately 2 rpm, requiring the LCD panels to be cycled at that rate for attitude control.[citation needed]

According to JAXA, IKAROS finished all planned experiments in Dec 2010, but the mission has continued beyond that date "in order to enhance the skill of controlling solar sail".[31] On 30 November 2012, JAXA announced that IKAROS had been recognized by Guinness World Records as the world's first solar sail spacecraft between planets, and that its two separated cameras, DCAM1 and DCAM2, had been recognized as the smallest size of a spacecraft flying between planets.[32][33] As of 2012, the IKAROS continued to spin, but its attitude control had degraded. This resulted in unexpected sail motions and as a result, downlink through the medium-gain antenna was only intermittently available. The project team was dissolved on 28 March 2013, although a trial receipt of data was planned for a later date.[citation needed]

The project was reactivated on 20 June 2013 in the expectation that the satellite would wake up from a hibernation state as more power from the solar panels became available. The team was able to receive telemetry from the IKAROS between 20 June and 12 September 2013, after which contact was again lost. The loss of contact was around the predicted time of the spacecraft again entering a low-power hibernation mode as power from the solar panels decreased. Available communication time through the Usuda Deep Space Center antenna was limited, so data was gathered only intermittently to estimate the speed, trajectory and rotation of the satellite.[34][35] As of August 2013, acceleration from the IKAROS sail had changed the craft's speed by approximately 400 metres per second (890 mph) in total.[36]

Transmissions were again received on 22 May 2014, the spacecraft flying at a distance of about 230 million kilometers from the Earth. By May 2014, IKAROS was on a ten-month orbit around the Sun, spending seven months of each orbit in hibernation mode due to insufficient power.[37] By 23 April 2015, the spacecraft woke up from hibernation mode for the 4th time and was flying at a distance of about 120 million kilometers from the Earth.[38] On 21 May 2015, JAXA could not receive a signal from IKAROS and concluded that the spacecraft had shifted to the hibernation mode for the fifth time, as expected. Based in May 2015 data the position of IKAROS at the time was about 110 million kilometers away from the Earth, and about 130 million kilometers from the Sun.[39]

Scientific results edit

From the gamma-ray polarization data of GAP, Toma et al.[40] put a stricter limit on CPT violation. It is an improvement of eight orders of magnitude over previous limits.[41][42]

JAXA scientists stated on 9 July 2010 that the measured thrust force by the solar radiation pressure on IKAROS' 196 m2 sail is 1.12 millinewtons.[43]

See also edit

Notes edit

  1. ^ Mori et al. (2009)
  2. ^ . JAXA. Archived from the original on 30 October 2013. Retrieved 1 October 2010.
  3. ^ a b Stephen Clark (20 May 2010). "H-2A Launch Report – Mission Status Center". Spaceflight Now. Retrieved 21 May 2010.
  4. ^ Samantha Harvey (20 May 2010). . NASA. Archived from the original on 10 April 2010. Retrieved 21 May 2010.
  5. ^ "IKAROS". Institute of Space and Astronautical Science. Retrieved 30 November 2022.
  6. ^ "IKAROS: Solar Power Sail Demonstrator". ISAS. JAXA. Retrieved 24 May 2015.
  7. ^ "IKAROS enters hibernation mode for 5th time". Small Solar Power Sail Demonstrator "IKAROS" Topics. JAXA. Retrieved 2 March 2019.
  8. ^ "Launch Day of the H-IIA Launch Vehicle No. 17(H-IIA F17)". JAXA. 3 March 2010. from the original on 26 April 2014. Retrieved 5 November 2021.
  9. ^ "今日の IKAROS(12/10) – Daily Report – Dec 10, 2010". IKAROS Blog (in Japanese). JAXA. 10 December 2010. Retrieved 22 January 2011.
  10. ^ "2010年の締めくくり(12/26) – Daily Report – Dec 26, 2010". IKAROS Blog (in Japanese). JAXA. 26 December 2010. Retrieved 22 January 2011.
  11. ^ 宇宙帆船イカロス、お疲れさま…実験終え「人工惑星」に (in Japanese). Asahi Shimbun. 10 December 2010. Retrieved 22 January 2011.[dead link]
  12. ^ Mori, Osamu (26 January 2011). "小型ソーラー電力セイル実証機（IKAROS）の定常運用終了報告" (PDF) (in Japanese). JAXA. Retrieved 2 February 2011.
  13. ^ Siddiqi, Asif A. (2018). Beyond Earth: A Chronicle of Deep Space Exploration, 1958–2016 (PDF). The NASA history series (second ed.). Washington, DC: NASA History Program Office. p. 2. ISBN 9781626830424. LCCN 2017059404. SP2018-4041.
  14. ^ "小型ソーラー電力セイル実証機「IKAROS（イカロス）」のガンマ線バーストの観測成功について" (in Japanese). JAXA. 14 July 2010. Retrieved 15 July 2010.
  15. ^ Yano, H.; et al. "COSMIC DUST DETECTION BY THE IKAROS-ARRAYED LARGE-AREA DUST DETECTORS IN INTERPLANETARY SPACE (ALADDIN) FROM THE EARTH TO VENUS" (PDF). 42nd Lunar and Planetary Science Conference (2011). Retrieved 14 February 2011.
  16. ^ Yonetoku, D.; et al. (26 October 2010). "Gamma-Ray Burst Polarimeter – GAP – aboard the Small Solar Power Sail Demonstrator IKAROS". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (3): 625–638. arXiv:1010.5305. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63..625Y. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.3.625.
  17. ^ . JAXA. 2008. Archived from the original on 22 September 2008. Retrieved 12 July 2010. The second mission will take place in the late 2010s. It will involve a medium-sized solar power sail with a diameter of 50 metres (160 ft), and will have integrated ion-propulsion engines. The destinations of the spacecraft will be Jupiter and the Trojan asteroids.
  18. ^ SCIENCE AND EXPLORATION IN THE SOLAR POWER SAIL OKEANOS MISSION TO A JUPITER TROJAN ASTEROID. (PDF). T. Okada, T. Iwata, J. Matsumoto, T. Chujo, Y. Kebukawa, J. Aoki, Y. Kawai, S. Yokota, Y. Saito, K. Terada, M. Toyoda, M. Ito, H. Yabuta, H. Yurimoto, C. Okamoto, S. Matsuura, K. Tsumura, D. Yonetoku, T. Mihara, A. Matsuoka, R. Nomura, H. Yano, T. Hirai, R. Nakamura, S. Ulamec, R. Jaumann, J.-P. Bibring, N. Grand, C. Szopa, E. Palomba, J. Helbert, A. Herique, M. Grott, H. U. Auster, G. Klingelhoefer, T. Saiki, H. Kato, O. Mori, J. Kawaguchi. 49th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 2018 (LPI Contrib. No. 2083).
  19. ^ Jeremy Hsu (21 July 2010). "Japan's Solar Sail Is the Toast of Space Science". space.com. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
  20. ^ Shusuke Murai (21 July 2016). "JAXA reveals asteroid probe solar panel". The Japan Times Online. The Japan Times. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
  21. ^ Claire M. Umali (4 May 2010). . EcoSeed. Archived from the original on 2 December 2010. Retrieved 25 January 2011.
  22. ^ "Small Solar Power Sail Demonstrator 'IKAROS': Successful Attitude Control by Liquid Crystal Device". Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA). 23 July 2010.
  23. ^ . JAXA. 11 March 2010. Archived from the original on 30 October 2013. Retrieved 7 May 2010.
  24. ^ . JAXA. 2008. Archived from the original on 22 September 2008. Retrieved 30 March 2010.
  25. ^ Edwards, Lin (11 June 2010). "IKAROS unfurls first ever solar sail in space". PhysOrg. Retrieved 11 June 2010.
  26. ^ Staff writers (11 June 2010). "Japanese Spacecraft Deploys Solar Sail". Space.com. Retrieved 11 June 2010.
  27. ^ Amos, Jonathan (11 June 2010). "Japan unfurls Ikaros solar sail in space". BBC News. Retrieved 25 January 2011.
  28. ^ Staff writers (16 June 2010). "Mini-camera pictures Japan's Ikaros solar sail". BBC News. Retrieved 17 June 2010.
  29. ^ "About the confirmation of photon acceleration of "IKAROS" the small solar-sail demonstrating craft". JAXA website press release (Press release) (in Japanese). Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency. 9 July 2010. Retrieved 25 January 2011. Graph suggests approx 1.1mN force
  30. ^ "Small Solar Power Sail Demonstrator 'IKAROS'Successful Attitude Control by Liquid Crystal Device" (Press release). Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA). 23 July 2010. Retrieved 25 January 2011.
  31. ^ . Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA). Archived from the original on 22 September 2008. Retrieved 30 December 2012.
  32. ^ . Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA). 30 November 2012. Archived from the original on 30 October 2013. Retrieved 30 December 2012.
  33. ^ . The Asahi Shimbun. 30 December 2012. Archived from the original on 13 February 2013. Retrieved 30 December 2012.
  34. ^ "今日の IKAROS(2013/06/20) – Daily Report – June 20, 2013" (in Japanese). Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA). 20 June 2013. Retrieved 8 June 2014.
  35. ^ "今日の IKAROS(12/7) – Daily Report – Dec 7, 2013" (in Japanese). Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA). 20 June 2013. Retrieved 8 June 2014.
  36. ^ "今日の IKAROS(8/29) – Daily Report – Aug 29, 2013" (in Japanese). Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA). 29 August 2013. Retrieved 8 June 2014.
  37. ^ "IKAROS：3回目の冬眠モード明けについて" (in Japanese). Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA). 26 May 2014. Retrieved 8 June 2014.
  38. ^ "IKAROS wakes up from hibernation mode for the 4th time". JAXA. 30 April 2015. Retrieved 24 May 2015.
  39. ^ "IKAROS enters hibernation mode for 5th time". JAXA. 29 May 2015.
  40. ^ Kenji Toma; et al. (December 2012). "Strict Limit on CPT Violation from Polarization of γ-Ray Bursts". Physical Review Letters. 109 (24): 241104. arXiv:1208.5288. Bibcode:2012PhRvL.109x1104T. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.241104. PMID 23368301. S2CID 42198517.
  41. ^ Michael Schirber (2012). "Synopsis: Distant Bursts Show no Signs of Predicted Light Rotation". Physical Review Letters. 109 (24): 241104. arXiv:1208.5288. Bibcode:2012PhRvL.109x1104T. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.241104. PMID 23368301. S2CID 42198517.
  42. ^ "Strict Limit on CPT Violation from Gamma-Ray Bursts". Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe. 7 December 2012. Retrieved 16 December 2012.
  43. ^ . JAXA. 9 July 2010. Archived from the original on 19 August 2010. Retrieved 24 May 2015.

References edit

  • Osamu Mori; et al. (6 July 2008). "Development of Deployment System for Small Size Solar Sail Mission" (PDF). 26th International Symposium on Space Technology and Science. 7: Pd_87–Pd_94. Bibcode:2009TrSpT...7.Pd87M. doi:10.2322/tstj.7.Pd_87. Retrieved 9 May 2011.
  • Osamu Mori; et al. (9 July 2009). "First Solar Power Sail Demonstration by IKAROS" (PDF). 27th International Symposium on Space Technology and Science. 8: To_4. Bibcode:2011TJSAI...8To425M. Retrieved 6 March 2010.

External links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to IKAROS.
  • Successful Image Shooting by the Second Separation Camera – 28 June 2010 JAXA press release
  • Solar Sail Navigation Technology of IKAROS

December 02, 2023
ikaros, interplanetary, kite, craft, accelerated, radiation, japan, aerospace, exploration, agency, jaxa, experimental, spacecraft, spacecraft, launched, 2010, aboard, rocket, together, with, akatsuki, venus, climate, orbiter, probe, four, other, small, spacec. IKAROS Interplanetary Kite craft Accelerated by Radiation Of the Sun is a Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency JAXA experimental spacecraft The spacecraft was launched on 20 May 2010 aboard an H IIA rocket together with the Akatsuki Venus Climate Orbiter probe and four other small spacecraft IKAROS is the first spacecraft to successfully demonstrate solar sail technology in interplanetary space 3 8 IKAROSA 1 64 scale model of the 14 m 14 m 46 ft 46 ft sized IKAROS spacecraftMission typeSolar sail technologyOperatorJAXA 1 2 3 4 COSPAR ID2010 020ESATCAT no 36577Websiteglobal wbr jaxa wbr jp wbr projects wbr sas wbr ikaros wbr Mission duration5 years launch to last contact in 2015Spacecraft propertiesLaunch mass310 kg 5 DimensionsSolar sail 14 m 14 m 46 ft 46 ft area 196 m2 2 110 sq ft 6 Start of missionLaunch date21 58 22 20 May 2010 UTC 2010 05 20T21 58 22Z RocketH IIA 202Launch siteTanegashima LA YEnd of missionLast contact20 May 2015 7 Orbital parametersReference systemHeliocentric orbitFlyby of VenusClosest approach8 December 2010Distance80 800 kilometers 50 200 mi On 8 December 2010 IKAROS flew by Venus at a distance of 80 800 km 50 200 mi successfully completing its planned mission and entered its extended operation phase 9 10 11 12 Contents 1 Purpose 2 Design 3 Mission progress 4 Scientific results 5 See also 6 Notes 7 References 8 External linksPurpose editThe IKAROS probe is the world s first spacecraft to use solar sailing as the main propulsion 13 It was designed to demonstrate four key technologies comments in parentheses refer to figure Deployment and control of a large thin solar sail membrane grey blue areas numbered 3 Thin film solar cells integrated into the sail to power the payload black rectangles numbered 4 Measurement of acceleration due to radiation pressure on the solar sail Attitude control by varying the reflectance of 80 liquid crystal panels embedded in the sail orange rectangles numbered 2 The mission also includes investigations of aspects of interplanetary space such as gamma ray bursts solar wind and cosmic dust 14 The probe s ALADDIN instrument ALDN S and ALDN E measured the variation in dust density 15 while its Gamma Ray Burst Polarimeter GAP measured the polarization of gamma ray bursts during its six month cruise 16 IKAROS is to be followed by a 40 by 40 metres 130 ft 130 ft sail the Jupiter Trojan Asteroid Explorer intended to journey to Jupiter and the Trojan asteroids to be launched in the late 2020s with a proposed goal of returning an asteroid sample to Earth in the 2050s 17 18 19 20 Design edit nbsp IKAROS sail schematic diagram blue square on a line Tip mass 0 5 kg 1 1 lb 1 of 4 orange rectangle Liquid crystal device 1 of 80 blue square Membrane 7 5 mm 0 00030 in thick 20 metres 66 ft on the diagonal black rectangle Solar cells 25 mm 0 00098 in thick yellow and blue lines Tethers blue disc Main body yellow dots Instruments nbsp IKAROS spaceprobe in flight artist s depiction The square sail deployed via a spinning motion using 0 5 kilogram 1 1 lb tip masses key item 1 in figure at right is 20 m 66 ft on the diagonal and is made of a 7 5 micrometre 0 00030 in thick sheet of polyimide key item 3 in figure at right The polyimide sheet had a mass of about 10 grams per square metre 0 033 oz sq ft resulting in a total sail mass of 2 kilograms 4 4 lb excluding tip masses attached panels and tethers A thin film solar array is embedded in the sail key item 4 in figure at right PowerFilm Inc provided the thin film solar array 21 Eighty blocks of LCD panels are embedded in the sail 22 whose reflectance can be adjusted for attitude control key item 2 in figure at right The sail also contains eight dust counters on the opposite face as part of the science payload 23 24 Mission progress editIKAROS was successfully launched together with Akatsuki the Venus Climate Orbiter aboard an H IIA rocket from the Tanegashima Space Center on 21 May 2010 citation needed IKAROS spun at 20 25 revolutions per minute and finished unfurling its sail on 10 June 2010 25 26 27 The craft contains two tiny ejectable cameras DCAM1 and DCAM2 DCAM2 was used to photograph the sail after deployment on 14 July 2010 28 Acceleration and attitude control orientation were successfully tested during the remaining six month voyage to Venus On 9 July 2010 JAXA confirmed that IKAROS is being accelerated by its solar sail 29 and on 23 July announced successful attitude control Over a 23 hour period of time the solar angle of the sail was changed by a half a degree not by using thrusters but by dynamically controlling the reflectivity of the 80 liquid crystal panels at the outer edge of the sail so that the sunlight pressure would produce torque 30 IKAROS continues to spin at approximately 2 rpm requiring the LCD panels to be cycled at that rate for attitude control citation needed According to JAXA IKAROS finished all planned experiments in Dec 2010 but the mission has continued beyond that date in order to enhance the skill of controlling solar sail 31 On 30 November 2012 JAXA announced that IKAROS had been recognized by Guinness World Records as the world s first solar sail spacecraft between planets and that its two separated cameras DCAM1 and DCAM2 had been recognized as the smallest size of a spacecraft flying between planets 32 33 As of 2012 the IKAROS continued to spin but its attitude control had degraded This resulted in unexpected sail motions and as a result downlink through the medium gain antenna was only intermittently available The project team was dissolved on 28 March 2013 although a trial receipt of data was planned for a later date citation needed The project was reactivated on 20 June 2013 in the expectation that the satellite would wake up from a hibernation state as more power from the solar panels became available The team was able to receive telemetry from the IKAROS between 20 June and 12 September 2013 after which contact was again lost The loss of contact was around the predicted time of the spacecraft again entering a low power hibernation mode as power from the solar panels decreased Available communication time through the Usuda Deep Space Center antenna was limited so data was gathered only intermittently to estimate the speed trajectory and rotation of the satellite 34 35 As of August 2013 acceleration from the IKAROS sail had changed the craft s speed by approximately 400 metres per second 890 mph in total 36 Transmissions were again received on 22 May 2014 the spacecraft flying at a distance of about 230 million kilometers from the Earth By May 2014 IKAROS was on a ten month orbit around the Sun spending seven months of each orbit in hibernation mode due to insufficient power 37 By 23 April 2015 the spacecraft woke up from hibernation mode for the 4th time and was flying at a distance of about 120 million kilometers from the Earth 38 On 21 May 2015 JAXA could not receive a signal from IKAROS and concluded that the spacecraft had shifted to the hibernation mode for the fifth time as expected Based in May 2015 data the position of IKAROS at the time was about 110 million kilometers away from the Earth and about 130 million kilometers from the Sun 39 Scientific results editFrom the gamma ray polarization data of GAP Toma et al 40 put a stricter limit on CPT violation It is an improvement of eight orders of magnitude over previous limits 41 42 JAXA scientists stated on 9 July 2010 that the measured thrust force by the solar radiation pressure on IKAROS 196 m2 sail is 1 12 millinewtons 43 See also edit nbsp Spaceflight portalCubeSail Planned solar sail spacecraft CubeSail UltraSail US spacecraft LightSail 2 LEO solar sailing demo projectPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets List of missions to Venus Near Earth Asteroid Scout Solar sail spacecraft NanoSail D2 Satellite designed to test concept of solar sails OKEANOS A proposed space probe to Trojan asteroidsNotes edit Mori et al 2009 Small Solar Power Sail Demonstrator IKAROS JAXA Archived from the original on 30 October 2013 Retrieved 1 October 2010 a b Stephen Clark 20 May 2010 H 2A Launch Report Mission Status Center Spaceflight Now Retrieved 21 May 2010 Samantha Harvey 20 May 2010 Solar System Exploration Missions By Target Venus Future Akatsuki NASA Archived from the original on 10 April 2010 Retrieved 21 May 2010 IKAROS Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Retrieved 30 November 2022 IKAROS Solar Power Sail Demonstrator ISAS JAXA Retrieved 24 May 2015 IKAROS enters hibernation mode for 5th time Small Solar Power Sail Demonstrator IKAROS Topics JAXA Retrieved 2 March 2019 Launch Day of the H IIA Launch Vehicle No 17 H IIA F17 JAXA 3 March 2010 Archived from the original on 26 April 2014 Retrieved 5 November 2021 今日の IKAROS 12 10 Daily Report Dec 10 2010 IKAROS Blog in Japanese JAXA 10 December 2010 Retrieved 22 January 2011 2010年の締めくくり 12 26 Daily Report Dec 26 2010 IKAROS Blog in Japanese JAXA 26 December 2010 Retrieved 22 January 2011 宇宙帆船イカロス お疲れさま 実験終え 人工惑星 に in Japanese Asahi Shimbun 10 December 2010 Retrieved 22 January 2011 dead link Mori Osamu 26 January 2011 小型ソーラー電力セイル実証機 IKAROS の定常運用終了報告 PDF in Japanese JAXA Retrieved 2 February 2011 Siddiqi Asif A 2018 Beyond Earth A Chronicle of Deep Space Exploration 1958 2016 PDF The NASA history series second ed Washington DC NASA History Program Office p 2 ISBN 9781626830424 LCCN 2017059404 SP2018 4041 小型ソーラー電力セイル実証機 IKAROS イカロス のガンマ線バーストの観測成功について in Japanese JAXA 14 July 2010 Retrieved 15 July 2010 Yano H et al COSMIC DUST DETECTION BY THE IKAROS ARRAYED LARGE AREA DUST DETECTORS IN INTERPLANETARY SPACE ALADDIN FROM THE EARTH TO VENUS PDF 42nd Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 2011 Retrieved 14 February 2011 Yonetoku D et al 26 October 2010 Gamma Ray Burst Polarimeter GAP aboard the Small Solar Power Sail Demonstrator IKAROS Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan 63 3 625 638 arXiv 1010 5305 Bibcode 2011PASJ 63 625Y doi 10 1093 pasj 63 3 625 IKAROS Project JAXA 2008 Archived from the original on 22 September 2008 Retrieved 12 July 2010 The second mission will take place in the late 2010s It will involve a medium sized solar power sail with a diameter of 50 metres 160 ft and will have integrated ion propulsion engines The destinations of the spacecraft will be Jupiter and the Trojan asteroids SCIENCE AND EXPLORATION IN THE SOLAR POWER SAIL OKEANOS MISSION TO A JUPITER TROJAN ASTEROID PDF T Okada T Iwata J Matsumoto T Chujo Y Kebukawa J Aoki Y Kawai S Yokota Y Saito K Terada M Toyoda M Ito H Yabuta H Yurimoto C Okamoto S Matsuura K Tsumura D Yonetoku T Mihara A Matsuoka R Nomura H Yano T Hirai R Nakamura S Ulamec R Jaumann J P Bibring N Grand C Szopa E Palomba J Helbert A Herique M Grott H U Auster G Klingelhoefer T Saiki H Kato O Mori J Kawaguchi 49th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 2018 LPI Contrib No 2083 Jeremy Hsu 21 July 2010 Japan s Solar Sail Is the Toast of Space Science space com Retrieved 8 December 2016 Shusuke Murai 21 July 2016 JAXA reveals asteroid probe solar panel The Japan Times Online The Japan Times Retrieved 8 December 2016 Claire M Umali 4 May 2010 Japan tests power of solar sails in deep space EcoSeed Archived from the original on 2 December 2010 Retrieved 25 January 2011 Small Solar Power Sail Demonstrator IKAROS Successful Attitude Control by Liquid Crystal Device Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency JAXA 23 July 2010 Small Solar Power Sail Demonstrator JAXA 11 March 2010 Archived from the original on 30 October 2013 Retrieved 7 May 2010 IKAROS Project JAXA 2008 Archived from the original on 22 September 2008 Retrieved 30 March 2010 Edwards Lin 11 June 2010 IKAROS unfurls first ever solar sail in space PhysOrg Retrieved 11 June 2010 Staff writers 11 June 2010 Japanese Spacecraft Deploys Solar Sail Space com Retrieved 11 June 2010 Amos Jonathan 11 June 2010 Japan unfurls Ikaros solar sail in space BBC News Retrieved 25 January 2011 Staff writers 16 June 2010 Mini camera pictures Japan s Ikaros solar sail BBC News Retrieved 17 June 2010 About the confirmation of photon acceleration of IKAROS the small solar sail demonstrating craft JAXA website press release Press release in Japanese Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency 9 July 2010 Retrieved 25 January 2011 Graph suggests approx 1 1mN force Small Solar Power Sail Demonstrator IKAROS Successful Attitude Control by Liquid Crystal Device Press release Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency JAXA 23 July 2010 Retrieved 25 January 2011 Solar Power Sail Demonstrator IKAROS Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency JAXA Archived from the original on 22 September 2008 Retrieved 30 December 2012 IKAROS world record certified Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency JAXA 30 November 2012 Archived from the original on 30 October 2013 Retrieved 30 December 2012 JAXA s solar spacecraft gets Guinness World Records entry The Asahi Shimbun 30 December 2012 Archived from the original on 13 February 2013 Retrieved 30 December 2012 今日の IKAROS 2013 06 20 Daily Report June 20 2013 in Japanese Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency JAXA 20 June 2013 Retrieved 8 June 2014 今日の IKAROS 12 7 Daily Report Dec 7 2013 in Japanese Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency JAXA 20 June 2013 Retrieved 8 June 2014 今日の IKAROS 8 29 Daily Report Aug 29 2013 in Japanese Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency JAXA 29 August 2013 Retrieved 8 June 2014 IKAROS 3回目の冬眠モード明けについて in Japanese Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency JAXA 26 May 2014 Retrieved 8 June 2014 IKAROS wakes up from hibernation mode for the 4th time JAXA 30 April 2015 Retrieved 24 May 2015 IKAROS enters hibernation mode for 5th time JAXA 29 May 2015 Kenji Toma et al December 2012 Strict Limit on CPT Violation from Polarization of g Ray Bursts Physical Review Letters 109 24 241104 arXiv 1208 5288 Bibcode 2012PhRvL 109x1104T doi 10 1103 PhysRevLett 109 241104 PMID 23368301 S2CID 42198517 Michael Schirber 2012 Synopsis Distant Bursts Show no Signs of Predicted Light Rotation Physical Review Letters 109 24 241104 arXiv 1208 5288 Bibcode 2012PhRvL 109x1104T doi 10 1103 PhysRevLett 109 241104 PMID 23368301 S2CID 42198517 Strict Limit on CPT Violation from Gamma Ray Bursts Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe 7 December 2012 Retrieved 16 December 2012 IKAROS All News Channel JAXA 9 July 2010 Archived from the original on 19 August 2010 Retrieved 24 May 2015 References editOsamu Mori et al 6 July 2008 Development of Deployment System for Small Size Solar Sail Mission PDF 26th International Symposium on Space Technology and Science 7 Pd 87 Pd 94 Bibcode 2009TrSpT 7 Pd87M doi 10 2322 tstj 7 Pd 87 Retrieved 9 May 2011 Osamu Mori et al 9 July 2009 First Solar Power Sail Demonstration by IKAROS PDF 27th International Symposium on Space Technology and Science 8 To 4 Bibcode 2011TJSAI 8To425M Retrieved 6 March 2010 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to IKAROS Successful Image Shooting by the Second Separation Camera 28 June 2010 JAXA press release Solar Sail Navigation Technology of IKAROS Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title IKAROS amp oldid 1154513483, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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