Hwawon (in Hangul: 화원, in Hanja: 畵員) is the term for any government artist during Joseon dynasty. The terminology technically includes several painters, which are in different ranks, called Seonhwa, Seonhoe, Hwasa and Hoesa.[1]
The organization setup belongs to Dohwaso, which had a total of twenty people for Hwawon according to Gyeongguk daejeon. In 1785, however, during the reign of Jeongjo 9, the system became modified, general personnel raised by 30.[2] Under the supervisation of Dohwaseo, it gained several times of modification concerning its setup.
Although, for many painters, becoming governmental officers was highly limited chances to gain, Hwawon could take not only his seat but also further opportunities, which allowed them to work after retirement, with certain payment. Those positions were referred as Seobanche Ajik (in Hangul: 서반체아직, in Hanja: 西班遞兒職).
Appointment
Promotion of Hwawon was determined by official competition, whether the painter is newly chosen or not. If one does not pass on the examination, no promotion for higher seat was given for anyone however long he worked as a member in Dohwaseo. Five patterns of examination normally account for drawing juk (bamboo), sansoo (Mountain and River), figure, Yeongmo and finally flowers and grasses.
For applicants, they were permitted to take 2 out of 5, distinguished by 4 ranks, while generally credits for juk and sansoo highest. The methodologies Dohwaseo picked up were intended to adopt more skillful and competent painter.
For social position, most of Hwawons were not Yangban (aristocrates) but Jungin (middle class) or offspring from wedlocks. Since the 16th century, the occupation became solid trade business of certain family.[3]
Occupation
Hwawons were in charge of painting portraits of kings and queens and also of several royal families, higher subjects. When it came to national-level courtesy, worship, the terminology for the painting became Ui-Gwaedo (의궤도, 儀軌圖). Depending on each jobs, surveyed maps for palaces, maps or folding screens can also be drawn.
^A classic Korean painting Who drew and What drew? KEB
Cho Jeong Yuk, 2011, A day of Hwawon in Joseon dynasty (Korean)
Lee Seong Mi, 2005, Artistic culture during Joseon Dynasty (Korean)
April 18, 2023
hwawon, town, daegu, south, korea, this, article, includes, list, general, references, lacks, sufficient, corresponding, inline, citations, please, help, improve, this, article, introducing, more, precise, citations, february, 2012, learn, when, remove, this, . For the town in Daegu South Korea see Hwawon eup This article includes a list of general references but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations February 2012 Learn how and when to remove this template message Hwawon in Hangul 화원 in Hanja 畵員 is the term for any government artist during Joseon dynasty The terminology technically includes several painters which are in different ranks called Seonhwa Seonhoe Hwasa and Hoesa 1 Contents 1 Status 2 Appointment 3 Occupation 4 See also 5 NotesStatus EditThe organization setup belongs to Dohwaso which had a total of twenty people for Hwawon according to Gyeongguk daejeon In 1785 however during the reign of Jeongjo 9 the system became modified general personnel raised by 30 2 Under the supervisation of Dohwaseo it gained several times of modification concerning its setup Although for many painters becoming governmental officers was highly limited chances to gain Hwawon could take not only his seat but also further opportunities which allowed them to work after retirement with certain payment Those positions were referred as Seobanche Ajik in Hangul 서반체아직 in Hanja 西班遞兒職 Appointment EditPromotion of Hwawon was determined by official competition whether the painter is newly chosen or not If one does not pass on the examination no promotion for higher seat was given for anyone however long he worked as a member in Dohwaseo Five patterns of examination normally account for drawing juk bamboo sansoo Mountain and River figure Yeongmo and finally flowers and grasses For applicants they were permitted to take 2 out of 5 distinguished by 4 ranks while generally credits for juk and sansoo highest The methodologies Dohwaseo picked up were intended to adopt more skillful and competent painter For social position most of Hwawons were not Yangban aristocrates but Jungin middle class or offspring from wedlocks Since the 16th century the occupation became solid trade business of certain family 3 Occupation EditHwawons were in charge of painting portraits of kings and queens and also of several royal families higher subjects When it came to national level courtesy worship the terminology for the painting became Ui Gwaedo 의궤도 儀軌圖 Depending on each jobs surveyed maps for palaces maps or folding screens can also be drawn See also EditKim Hong do An GyeonNotes Edit Ki baik Lee translated by Edward W Wagner A New History of Korea Harvard University Press 1984 p 250 A court painter of Joseon Leeum museum A classic Korean painting Who drew and What drew KEB Cho Jeong Yuk 2011 A day of Hwawon in Joseon dynasty Korean Lee Seong Mi 2005 Artistic culture during Joseon Dynasty Korean Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Hwawon amp oldid 1027468483, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
