Hushang ([hʊ'ʃəŋ]; Persian: هوشنگ; Middle Persian: 𐭤𐭥𐭱𐭭𐭢, romanized: Hōšang), also spelled Hōshang, was the second Shāh to rule the world according to Ferdowsi's Shāhnāmeh. Hushang is also named as the legendary figure Haošiiaŋha 𐬵𐬀𐬊𐬱𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬢𐬵𐬀 in the ancient Zoroastrian scripture of the Avesta. Hushang is also called Pishdād (پیشداد), older Pēšdād, corresponding to Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬀𐬜𐬁𐬙𐬀 Paraδāta, "first created".
Haošyaŋha is the Avestan development of Proto-Iranian *Haušyahah, containing the prefix *Hau-, a derived form of *Hu-, 'good, well', and an uncertain root šyah-, possibly to be interpreted as 'selecting' or 'deciding'. The name might then be interpreted as meaning 'of the good choice'.
Haošyaŋha in Zoroastrian literature
Haošyaŋha's original status is uncertain. He may have begun as a demon-defeating hero, or may have been a rival for the title of first man (or first king) with Gayōmart. One trace that may remain of that status is the labelling of the entire early line of kings as the Pishdadian dynasty, after Hushang's name Pishdād.
The Reign of Hushang
The just and prudent Hushang was now master of the world, and he set the crown on his head and ruled in his grandfather's place. He reigned for forty years, and his mind was filled with wisdom, his heart with justice. Sitting on the royal throne, he said, “From this throne I rule over the seven climes, and everywhere my commands are obeyed." Mindful of God's will, he set about establishing justice. he helped the world flourish, and filled the face of the earth with his just rule.
In the epic poem of the Shāhnāmeh, Hushang was the son of Siyāmak and grandson of Keyumars. He led the army against the son of Ahriman and avenged the death of Siyāmak. After the death of Keyumars, Hushang became king of the human race. During Hushang's reign, many new discoveries were made for the comfort of humanity. Hushang discovered iron and the principles of iron-working; the methods of agriculture and irrigation; he learned how to domesticate certain beasts as livestock and for use as draught animals; how to make clothing from the furs of other beasts; and he discovered how to make fire from flint. This happened when Hushang hurled a flint rock to kill a venomous black serpent. Missing the serpent, the rock struck another flint to produce fiery sparks. Hushang learned how to make fire this way, and taught his people; in honor of the discovery, they established the Sadeh festival. After a reign of forty years, he left the kingdom to his son Tahmuras.[1][2][3][4]
References
^Goodrich, S. C. (1864). A History of All Nations (Digitized Nov 23, 2005 ed.). Original from the University of Michigan.
^Rosenberg, Donna (1997). "page 116-118". Folklore, Myths, and Legends: A World Perspective. McGraw-Hill Professional. p. 536. ISBN0-8442-5780-X.
^Reed, Elizabeth Armstrong (1893). "XI". Persian Literature: Ancient and Modern. Original from Harvard University (Digitized Feb 5, 2007 ed.). S. C. Griggs and company. pp. 419.
^Khayyam, Omar; Edward FitzGerald (1900). "The Sha Nameh, pages 50-67". In Translated by Herman Bicknell, James Ross (ed.). Persian Literature... Original from the University of Michigan. Vol. 1. Ḥāfiẓ, Saʻdī (revised ed.). page 50-: The Colonial press.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
External links
A king's book of kings: the Shah-nameh of Shah Tahmasp, an exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art (fully available online as PDF), which contains material on Hushang
Shahbazi, A. Shapur. "HŌŠANG". Encyclopædia Iranica. Retrieved 27 February 2016.
hushang, people, with, name, name, ʃəŋ, persian, هوشنگ, middle, persian, 𐭤𐭥𐭱𐭭𐭢, romanized, hōšang, also, spelled, hōshang, second, shāh, rule, world, according, ferdowsi, shāhnāmeh, also, named, legendary, figure, haošiiaŋha, 𐬵𐬀𐬊𐬱𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬢𐬵𐬀, ancient, zoroastrian, . For people with the name see Hushang name Hushang hʊ ʃeŋ Persian هوشنگ Middle Persian 𐭤𐭥𐭱𐭭𐭢 romanized Hōsang also spelled Hōshang was the second Shah to rule the world according to Ferdowsi s Shahnameh Hushang is also named as the legendary figure Haosiiaŋha 𐬵𐬀𐬊𐬱𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬢𐬵𐬀 in the ancient Zoroastrian scripture of the Avesta Hushang is also called Pishdad پیشداد older Pesdad corresponding to Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬀𐬜𐬁𐬙𐬀 Paradata first created Hushang Slays the Black Div Miniature by Soltan Mohammad from the Shahnameh of Shah Tahmasp Contents 1 Etymology 2 Haosyaŋha in Zoroastrian literature 3 The Reign of Hushang 4 Hushang in the Shahnama 5 References 6 External linksEtymology EditHaosyaŋha is the Avestan development of Proto Iranian Hausyahah containing the prefix Hau a derived form of Hu good well and an uncertain root syah possibly to be interpreted as selecting or deciding The name might then be interpreted as meaning of the good choice Haosyaŋha in Zoroastrian literature EditHaosyaŋha s original status is uncertain He may have begun as a demon defeating hero or may have been a rival for the title of first man or first king with Gayōmart One trace that may remain of that status is the labelling of the entire early line of kings as the Pishdadian dynasty after Hushang s name Pishdad The Reign of Hushang EditThe just and prudent Hushang was now master of the world and he set the crown on his head and ruled in his grandfather s place He reigned for forty years and his mind was filled with wisdom his heart with justice Sitting on the royal throne he said From this throne I rule over the seven climes and everywhere my commands are obeyed Mindful of God s will he set about establishing justice he helped the world flourish and filled the face of the earth with his just rule Hushang in the Shahnama Edit Painting of Hushang in the Shahnameh of Shah Tahmasp In the epic poem of the Shahnameh Hushang was the son of Siyamak and grandson of Keyumars He led the army against the son of Ahriman and avenged the death of Siyamak After the death of Keyumars Hushang became king of the human race During Hushang s reign many new discoveries were made for the comfort of humanity Hushang discovered iron and the principles of iron working the methods of agriculture and irrigation he learned how to domesticate certain beasts as livestock and for use as draught animals how to make clothing from the furs of other beasts and he discovered how to make fire from flint This happened when Hushang hurled a flint rock to kill a venomous black serpent Missing the serpent the rock struck another flint to produce fiery sparks Hushang learned how to make fire this way and taught his people in honor of the discovery they established the Sadeh festival After a reign of forty years he left the kingdom to his son Tahmuras 1 2 3 4 References Edit Goodrich S C 1864 A History of All Nations Digitized Nov 23 2005 ed Original from the University of Michigan Rosenberg Donna 1997 page 116 118 Folklore Myths and Legends A World Perspective McGraw Hill Professional p 536 ISBN 0 8442 5780 X Reed Elizabeth Armstrong 1893 XI Persian Literature Ancient and Modern Original from Harvard University Digitized Feb 5 2007 ed S C Griggs and company pp 419 Khayyam Omar Edward FitzGerald 1900 The Sha Nameh pages 50 67 In Translated by Herman Bicknell James Ross ed Persian Literature Original from the University of Michigan Vol 1 Ḥafiẓ Saʻdi revised ed page 50 The Colonial press a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint location link External links EditA king s book of kings the Shah nameh of Shah Tahmasp an exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art fully available online as PDF which contains material on Hushang Shahbazi A Shapur HŌSANG Encyclopaedia Iranica Retrieved 27 February 2016 Preceded byKeyumars Legendary Kings of the Shahnameh30 70 after Keyumars Succeeded byTahmuras Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Hushang amp oldid 1152967000, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
