Horní Bříza is located about 8 km (5 mi) north of Plzeň. It lies in the Plasy Uplands. The highest point is at 492 m (1,614 ft) above sea level. The Bělá Stream flows through the town.
History
The first written mention of Horní Bříza is from 1180. Around 1220, the village was donated to the Plasy Monastery.[2]
The appearance of Horní Bříza changed after the great fire in 1865 and also with the construction of the railway line in the years 1871–1873. However, a significant turning point did not occur until the 1880s, when kaolin was discovered here. In 1882, Johann Fitz, a prominent businessman and mining expert from Rokycany, began with its mining. In 1886, he introduced the production of ceramic goods and founded a company which maintained dominant position in the ceramics industry for hundred years.[2]
World War II
During World War II, some death trains taking Jews, outspoken people, gypsies, intellectuals, communists and Russian prisoners travelled through Horní Bříza. It was on the route to Mauthausen concentration camp, further south on the Danube River. On 21 April 1945, a death train stopped here as the line was blocked. The station master Antonín Pavlíček intervened and organized the townspeople to cook food and bread for the about 1,000 women being taken to Mauthausen. He asked the SS to leave the people there so the town could care for them, but they refused. A townswoman gave one of the women who had just given birth her own hand-sown layette planned for her baby.[3]
^ ab"Krátce z historie" (in Czech). Město Horní Bříza. Retrieved 2022-09-22.
^Holden, Wendy (2015). Born Survivors: Three Young Mothers and Their Extraordinary Story of Courage, Defiance, and Hope. Brown Book Group Limited. ISBN9780751557398.
^"Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2011 – Okres Plzeň-sever" (in Czech). Czech Statistical Office. 2015-12-21. pp. 3–4.
^"Population Census 2021: Population by sex". Public Database. Czech Statistical Office. 2021-03-27.
^"Spolek Partnerství mezi městy Horní Bříza a Villeneuve sur Yonne" (in Czech). Město Horní Bříza. Retrieved 2019-08-25.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Horní Bříza.
Official website
May 04, 2023
horní, bříza, german, ober, birken, town, plzeň, north, district, plzeň, region, czech, republic, about, inhabitants, townaerial, viewflagcoat, armslocation, czech, republiccoordinates, 84417, 36333, 84417, 36333, coordinates, 84417, 36333, 84417, 36333country. Horni Briza German Ober Birken is a town in Plzen North District in the Plzen Region of the Czech Republic It has about 4 100 inhabitants Horni BrizaTownAerial viewFlagCoat of armsHorni BrizaLocation in the Czech RepublicCoordinates 49 50 39 N 13 21 48 E 49 84417 N 13 36333 E 49 84417 13 36333 Coordinates 49 50 39 N 13 21 48 E 49 84417 N 13 36333 E 49 84417 13 36333Country Czech RepublicRegionPlzenDistrictPlzen NorthFirst mentioned1180Government MayorDavid KaprArea Total14 55 km2 5 62 sq mi Elevation367 m 1 204 ft Population 2022 01 01 1 Total4 091 Density280 km2 730 sq mi Time zoneUTC 1 CET Summer DST UTC 2 CEST Postal code330 12Websitewww wbr hornibriza wbr eu Contents 1 Geography 2 History 2 1 World War II 3 Demographics 4 Twin towns sister cities 5 References 6 External linksGeography EditHorni Briza is located about 8 km 5 mi north of Plzen It lies in the Plasy Uplands The highest point is at 492 m 1 614 ft above sea level The Bela Stream flows through the town History EditThe first written mention of Horni Briza is from 1180 Around 1220 the village was donated to the Plasy Monastery 2 The appearance of Horni Briza changed after the great fire in 1865 and also with the construction of the railway line in the years 1871 1873 However a significant turning point did not occur until the 1880s when kaolin was discovered here In 1882 Johann Fitz a prominent businessman and mining expert from Rokycany began with its mining In 1886 he introduced the production of ceramic goods and founded a company which maintained dominant position in the ceramics industry for hundred years 2 World War II Edit During World War II some death trains taking Jews outspoken people gypsies intellectuals communists and Russian prisoners travelled through Horni Briza It was on the route to Mauthausen concentration camp further south on the Danube River On 21 April 1945 a death train stopped here as the line was blocked The station master Antonin Pavlicek intervened and organized the townspeople to cook food and bread for the about 1 000 women being taken to Mauthausen He asked the SS to leave the people there so the town could care for them but they refused A townswoman gave one of the women who had just given birth her own hand sown layette planned for her baby 3 Demographics EditHistorical populationYearPop 1869328 1880349 6 4 1890451 29 2 1900624 38 4 1910884 41 7 YearPop 19211 327 50 1 19301 617 21 9 19501 752 8 3 19612 087 19 1 19702 323 11 3 YearPop 19803 122 34 4 19914 007 28 3 20014 487 12 0 20114 356 2 9 20214 105 5 8 Source Censuses 4 5 Twin towns sister cities EditSee also List of twin towns and sister cities in the Czech Republic Horni Briza is twinned with 6 Villeneuve sur Yonne FranceReferences Edit Population of Municipalities 1 January 2022 Czech Statistical Office 2022 04 29 a b Kratce z historie in Czech Mesto Horni Briza Retrieved 2022 09 22 Holden Wendy 2015 Born Survivors Three Young Mothers and Their Extraordinary Story of Courage Defiance and Hope Brown Book Group Limited ISBN 9780751557398 Historicky lexikon obci Ceske republiky 1869 2011 Okres Plzen sever in Czech Czech Statistical Office 2015 12 21 pp 3 4 Population Census 2021 Population by sex Public Database Czech Statistical Office 2021 03 27 Spolek Partnerstvi mezi mesty Horni Briza a Villeneuve sur Yonne in Czech Mesto Horni Briza Retrieved 2019 08 25 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Horni Briza Official website Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Horni Briza amp oldid 1111700491, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
