The hook-billed hermit was for a time placed in genus Ramphodon, but morphological characteristics place it firmly in Glaucis. It is monotypic.[4][5][3]
Description
The hook-billed hermit is 12 to 13 cm (4.7 to 5.1 in) long. Males weigh 6 to 9 g (0.21 to 0.32 oz) and females 5.5 to 7 g (0.19 to 0.25 oz). Its upperparts are greenish bronze and the underparts cinnamon. The face has a white supercilium and "moustache" and is otherwise dusky. The tail is metallic bronze with white-tipped outer feathers. Its bill is nearly straight. The sexes have essentially the same plumage though the female's underparts are somewhat paler than the male's.[5]
Distribution and habitat
The hook-billed hermit is found only at a few sites in the southeastern Brazilian states of Bahia and Espírito Santo in Neotropical realm forest climates. It probably formerly occurred in Minas Gerais and possibly Rio de Janeiro states, though in the latter it is known only from trade skins that might have originated elsewhere. It inhabits the understory of inland primary and littoral forests, usually along streams. It favors areas with abundant Heliconia plants. In elevation it ranges from sea level to 500 m (1,600 ft).[5]
Behavior
Movement
The hook-billed hermit is thought to be sedentary or a non migration period lifestyle. However, the few records from any one site make that determination difficult.[5]
Feeding
Like other hermit hummingbirds, the hook-billed hermit is a "trap-line" feeder, visiting a circuit of flowering plants. It feeds on nectar at Heliconia and other plants and also on small arthropods, but details are lacking.[5]
Breeding
The hook-billed hermit's breeding season is believed to span from September to February. The nest is made from plant material and cobwebs under the tip of a long drooping leaf. Its clutch is two eggs.[5]
Songs and calls
Listen to hook-billed hermit on xeno-canto
Vocalization
The hook-billed hermit's song is described as similar to those of the rufous-breasted hermit (G. hirsutus), a "rapid 'seep-seep-seep'", and the saw-billed hermit (Ramphodon naevius), "a descending series...of 'seee' notes."[5][6][7]
Status
The IUCN originally assessed the hook-billed hermit in 1988 as Threatened, then in 1994 as Critically Endangered, then in 2000 as Endangered, and in 2021 as Vulnerable. Its small range has undergone massive deforestation and what remains is fragmented. Its population is estimated at under 10,000 mature individuals and is believed to be decreasing.[1] It may now only occur only in a few reserves and national parks in Bahia and one in Espírito Santo.[5]
References
^ abcBirdLife International (2021). "Hook-billed Hermit Glaucis dohrnii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T22687026A137470206. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T22687026A137470206.en. Retrieved 1 January 2022.
^ abGill, F.; Donsker, D.; Rasmussen, P. (July 2021). "IOC World Bird List (v 11.2)". Retrieved July 14, 2021.
^Remsen, J. V., Jr., J. I. Areta, E. Bonaccorso, S. Claramunt, A. Jaramillo, D. F. Lane, J. F. Pacheco, M. B. Robbins, F. G. Stiles, and K. J. Zimmer. Version 24 August 2021. A classification of the bird species of South America. American Ornithological Society. https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm retrieved August 24, 2021
^ abcdefghHinkelmann, C. and G. M. Kirwan (2020). Hook-billed Hermit (Glaucis dohrnii), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.hobher2.01 retrieved November 14, 2021
^van Perlo, Ber (2009). A Field Guide to the Birds of Brazil. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 158. ISBN978-0-19-530155-7.
^Hinkelmann, C. and G. M. Kirwan (2020). Saw-billed Hermit (Ramphodon naevius), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173 retrieved November 13, 2021
External links
Hook-billed Hermit photo gallery VIREO
August 23, 2023
hook, billed, hermit, hook, billed, hermit, glaucis, dohrnii, threatened, species, hummingbird, family, trochilidae, endemic, small, area, brazil, conservation, statusvulnerable, iucn, cites, appendix, cites, scientific, classificationdomain, eukaryotakingdom,. The hook billed hermit Glaucis dohrnii is a threatened species of hummingbird in the family Trochilidae It is endemic to a small area of Brazil 3 1 Hook billed hermitConservation statusVulnerable IUCN 3 1 1 CITES Appendix I CITES 2 Scientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ChordataClass AvesClade StrisoresOrder ApodiformesFamily TrochilidaeGenus GlaucisSpecies G dohrniiBinomial nameGlaucis dohrnii Bourcier amp Mulsant 1852 SynonymsRamphodon dohrnii Bourcier amp Mulsant 1852 Contents 1 Taxonomy and systematics 2 Description 3 Distribution and habitat 4 Behavior 4 1 Movement 4 2 Feeding 4 3 Breeding 4 4 Vocalization 5 Status 6 References 7 External linksTaxonomy and systematics EditThe hook billed hermit was for a time placed in genus Ramphodon but morphological characteristics place it firmly in Glaucis It is monotypic 4 5 3 Description EditThe hook billed hermit is 12 to 13 cm 4 7 to 5 1 in long Males weigh 6 to 9 g 0 21 to 0 32 oz and females 5 5 to 7 g 0 19 to 0 25 oz Its upperparts are greenish bronze and the underparts cinnamon The face has a white supercilium and moustache and is otherwise dusky The tail is metallic bronze with white tipped outer feathers Its bill is nearly straight The sexes have essentially the same plumage though the female s underparts are somewhat paler than the male s 5 Distribution and habitat EditThe hook billed hermit is found only at a few sites in the southeastern Brazilian states of Bahia and Espirito Santo in Neotropical realm forest climates It probably formerly occurred in Minas Gerais and possibly Rio de Janeiro states though in the latter it is known only from trade skins that might have originated elsewhere It inhabits the understory of inland primary and littoral forests usually along streams It favors areas with abundant Heliconia plants In elevation it ranges from sea level to 500 m 1 600 ft 5 Behavior EditMovement Edit The hook billed hermit is thought to be sedentary or a non migration period lifestyle However the few records from any one site make that determination difficult 5 Feeding Edit Like other hermit hummingbirds the hook billed hermit is a trap line feeder visiting a circuit of flowering plants It feeds on nectar at Heliconia and other plants and also on small arthropods but details are lacking 5 Breeding Edit The hook billed hermit s breeding season is believed to span from September to February The nest is made from plant material and cobwebs under the tip of a long drooping leaf Its clutch is two eggs 5 Songs and callsListen to hook billed hermit on xeno canto Vocalization Edit The hook billed hermit s song is described as similar to those of the rufous breasted hermit G hirsutus a rapid seep seep seep and the saw billed hermit Ramphodon naevius a descending series of seee notes 5 6 7 Status EditThe IUCN originally assessed the hook billed hermit in 1988 as Threatened then in 1994 as Critically Endangered then in 2000 as Endangered and in 2021 as Vulnerable Its small range has undergone massive deforestation and what remains is fragmented Its population is estimated at under 10 000 mature individuals and is believed to be decreasing 1 It may now only occur only in a few reserves and national parks in Bahia and one in Espirito Santo 5 References Edit a b c BirdLife International 2021 Hook billed Hermit Glaucis dohrnii IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2021 e T22687026A137470206 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2021 3 RLTS T22687026A137470206 en Retrieved 1 January 2022 Appendices CITES cites org Retrieved 2022 01 14 a b Gill F Donsker D Rasmussen P July 2021 IOC World Bird List v 11 2 Retrieved July 14 2021 Remsen J V Jr J I Areta E Bonaccorso S Claramunt A Jaramillo D F Lane J F Pacheco M B Robbins F G Stiles and K J Zimmer Version 24 August 2021 A classification of the bird species of South America American Ornithological Society https www museum lsu edu Remsen SACCBaseline htm retrieved August 24 2021 a b c d e f g h Hinkelmann C and G M Kirwan 2020 Hook billed Hermit Glaucis dohrnii version 1 0 In Birds of the World J del Hoyo A Elliott J Sargatal D A Christie and E de Juana Editors Cornell Lab of Ornithology Ithaca NY USA https doi org 10 2173 bow hobher2 01 retrieved November 14 2021 van Perlo Ber 2009 A Field Guide to the Birds of Brazil New York Oxford University Press p 158 ISBN 978 0 19 530155 7 Hinkelmann C and G M Kirwan 2020 Saw billed Hermit Ramphodon naevius version 1 0 In Birds of the World J del Hoyo A Elliott J Sargatal D A Christie and E de Juana Editors Cornell Lab of Ornithology Ithaca NY USA https doi org 10 2173 retrieved November 13 2021External links EditHook billed Hermit photo gallery VIREO Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Hook billed hermit amp oldid 1169864536, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
