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Higher education in Ethiopia

November 13, 2023

Higher education in Ethiopia is the lowest in quality of standard relevance and academic freedom, despite an expansion of private higher education and rising enrollment.[1] Higher education supposed originated by Saint Yared music school in the sixth century in line with centuries old traditional education of the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church. Modern higher education was commenced during the reign of Emperor Haile Selassie with the establishment of the University College of Addis Ababa, now called Addis Ababa University in 1950. It then followed by Haramaya University. By the time, there were only three secondary schools in the country, used as preparatory for college entrance.

Bahir Dar University

The earlier educational system of imperial regime was based on European style facilities implemented: Arts, Sciences and Education, includes thirteen departments, seven in Arts (Humanities, Social and Political Science, Geography, English, Economics, Public Administration and Commence), and six in Science (Chemistry, Physics, Mathematics, Geography, Biology and Pharmacy). Graduate level was introduced by 1979 followed by Alemaya University in 1984 and numerous public universities ensued.

Reforms on higher education were made since the regime of EPRDF in 1994. As of 2022, there are 83 universities, 42 public universities, and more than 35 higher education institutions. Foreign students constitute 16,305 in higher education level.

History edit

 
University College of Addis Ababa, later renamed as Addis Ababa University was the first higher education opened in Ethiopia in 1950

Higher education in Ethiopia traced back to the origin of the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church, based on monastic institutions. In the sixth century, Saint Yared formed his music school that trained qualified priests in the religious music and dance characterized their faith. This system evolved throughout millennia until the mid-20th century modernization of Emperor Haile Selassie. In July 1950, Haile Selassie pledged Jesuit Canadian teachers for establishment of college in the country. The University College of Addis Ababa, now called the Addis Ababa University (AAU) then formed in the year. As a college, the institution intended to prepare students for "further overseas study or vocational certificate education". By foreign investment fund, six specialized technical colleges had been established since 1970s by the imperial government. The first university outside AAU is Haramaya University, founded in 1953.[2] By the time, there were only three secondary schools in the country, used for preparatory to college entrance. European-styled education system implemented with separated facilities of Arts, Sciences, and Education, includes thirteen departments: seven in Arts (Humanities, Social and Political Science, Geography, English, Economics, Public Administration and Commence), and six in Science (Chemistry, Physics, Mathematics, Geology, Biology and Pharmacy).[3]

 
Graduation at Swedish-Ethiopian Building College. Prince Bertil awards diplomas in the presence of Emperor Haile Selassie
 
Graduate students in front of TPLF monument in Mekelle

Graduate level training began in Addis Ababa University in 1979, followed by Alemaya University in 1984. Later Wondo Genet College of Forestry trained undergraduate through forestry programs. Jimma, Hawassa and Mekelle University later continued the training process to graduate students. After the abolishing of imperial government in 1974, the military regime under the Derg expanded the higher education system based on communist Marxist-Leninist framework, having strong security surveillance, repression of dissents, and prohibition of student organizations. After the fall of the Derg in 1991, the new EPRDF led government undertook market reform in the higher educational system. Nevertheless, by the end of 20th-century, the higher education system was based on highly regimented management, conservative intellectual orientation, limited autonomy and few academic staff with doctorates, declining the educational quality and weak research output and poor connection with global higher education.[2][4]

 
University of Gondar

Between 1996 and 2003, annual graduate students intake grew about 9,000 to over 18,000 by the Ministry of Education sponsored institution. The enrollment of graduate programs has increased from 200 to 2,000.[5]

Reform agenda edit

The Ethiopian education currently focused on reforms in three levels: the overall system, the institutions, and the academic programs. The reforms began in 1960s, repressed in 1970s and reinstated in 1994.[6] As of 2022, there are 83 private universities, and 42 public universities, and more than 35 institution of higher learning.

List of facilities edit

Main article: List of universities and colleges in Ethiopia

Universities edit

Private universities edit

Colleges edit

  • Hamlin College of Midwifery
  • Harambe College
  • Harar Agrotechnical University
  • Ayer Tena Health Science College
  • Blue Nile College
  • Hawassa Health Science College
  • Yardsticks International College

References edit

  1. ^ "Burgeoning higher education in Ethiopia beset by shortcomings". www.aa.com.tr. Retrieved 2022-10-02.
  2. ^ a b Boateng, Fred Kofi (2019), "Higher Education Systems and Institutions, Ethiopia", Encyclopedia of International Higher Education Systems and Institutions, Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, pp. 1–6, doi:10.1007/978-94-017-9553-1_449-1, ISBN 978-94-017-9553-1, S2CID 240946603, retrieved 2022-10-02
  3. ^ Habte, Aklilu; Hewit, Menguesha Gebre; Kehoe, Monika (1963). "Higher Education in Ethiopia". Journal of Ethiopian Studies. 1 (1): 3–7. ISSN 0304-2243. JSTOR 41965684.
  4. ^ Tamrat, Wondwosen (2022-03-09). HE Financing Reforms: Intentions and Realities. Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-51348-8.
  5. ^ "Transformations in Higher Education: Experiences with Reform and Expansion in Ethiopian Higher Education System". 2 October 2022. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.570.1114.
  6. ^ Saint, William (2004). "Higher Education in Ethiopia: The Vision and Its Challenges". Journal of Higher Education in Africa. 2 (3): 83–113. doi:10.57054/jhea.v2i3.1667. ISSN 0851-7762. JSTOR 24486295. S2CID 257551878.

November 13, 2023
higher, education, ethiopia, lowest, quality, standard, relevance, academic, freedom, despite, expansion, private, higher, education, rising, enrollment, higher, education, supposed, originated, saint, yared, music, school, sixth, century, line, with, centurie. Higher education in Ethiopia is the lowest in quality of standard relevance and academic freedom despite an expansion of private higher education and rising enrollment 1 Higher education supposed originated by Saint Yared music school in the sixth century in line with centuries old traditional education of the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church Modern higher education was commenced during the reign of Emperor Haile Selassie with the establishment of the University College of Addis Ababa now called Addis Ababa University in 1950 It then followed by Haramaya University By the time there were only three secondary schools in the country used as preparatory for college entrance Bahir Dar UniversityThe earlier educational system of imperial regime was based on European style facilities implemented Arts Sciences and Education includes thirteen departments seven in Arts Humanities Social and Political Science Geography English Economics Public Administration and Commence and six in Science Chemistry Physics Mathematics Geography Biology and Pharmacy Graduate level was introduced by 1979 followed by Alemaya University in 1984 and numerous public universities ensued Reforms on higher education were made since the regime of EPRDF in 1994 As of 2022 there are 83 universities 42 public universities and more than 35 higher education institutions Foreign students constitute 16 305 in higher education level Contents 1 History 1 1 Reform agenda 2 List of facilities 2 1 Universities 2 2 Private universities 2 3 Colleges 3 ReferencesHistory edit nbsp University College of Addis Ababa later renamed as Addis Ababa University was the first higher education opened in Ethiopia in 1950Higher education in Ethiopia traced back to the origin of the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church based on monastic institutions In the sixth century Saint Yared formed his music school that trained qualified priests in the religious music and dance characterized their faith This system evolved throughout millennia until the mid 20th century modernization of Emperor Haile Selassie In July 1950 Haile Selassie pledged Jesuit Canadian teachers for establishment of college in the country The University College of Addis Ababa now called the Addis Ababa University AAU then formed in the year As a college the institution intended to prepare students for further overseas study or vocational certificate education By foreign investment fund six specialized technical colleges had been established since 1970s by the imperial government The first university outside AAU is Haramaya University founded in 1953 2 By the time there were only three secondary schools in the country used for preparatory to college entrance European styled education system implemented with separated facilities of Arts Sciences and Education includes thirteen departments seven in Arts Humanities Social and Political Science Geography English Economics Public Administration and Commence and six in Science Chemistry Physics Mathematics Geology Biology and Pharmacy 3 nbsp Graduation at Swedish Ethiopian Building College Prince Bertil awards diplomas in the presence of Emperor Haile Selassie nbsp Graduate students in front of TPLF monument in MekelleGraduate level training began in Addis Ababa University in 1979 followed by Alemaya University in 1984 Later Wondo Genet College of Forestry trained undergraduate through forestry programs Jimma Hawassa and Mekelle University later continued the training process to graduate students After the abolishing of imperial government in 1974 the military regime under the Derg expanded the higher education system based on communist Marxist Leninist framework having strong security surveillance repression of dissents and prohibition of student organizations After the fall of the Derg in 1991 the new EPRDF led government undertook market reform in the higher educational system Nevertheless by the end of 20th century the higher education system was based on highly regimented management conservative intellectual orientation limited autonomy and few academic staff with doctorates declining the educational quality and weak research output and poor connection with global higher education 2 4 nbsp University of GondarBetween 1996 and 2003 annual graduate students intake grew about 9 000 to over 18 000 by the Ministry of Education sponsored institution The enrollment of graduate programs has increased from 200 to 2 000 5 Reform agenda edit The Ethiopian education currently focused on reforms in three levels the overall system the institutions and the academic programs The reforms began in 1960s repressed in 1970s and reinstated in 1994 6 As of 2022 there are 83 private universities and 42 public universities and more than 35 institution of higher learning List of facilities editMain article List of universities and colleges in Ethiopia Universities edit Addis Ababa University Adigrat University Haramaya University Bahir Dar University Jimma University Mekelle University Jijiga University Hawassa University Arba Minch University Debre Markos University University of Gondar Dire Dawa University Madda Walabu University Adama Science And Technology University Debre Birhan University Mizan Tepi University Wolaita Sodo UniversityPrivate universities edit Unity University Rift Valley University College Ethiopian Civil Service University st lideta health science college Negele Arsi General Hospital and Medical CollegeColleges edit Hamlin College of Midwifery Harambe College Harar Agrotechnical University Ayer Tena Health Science College Blue Nile College Hawassa Health Science College Yardsticks International CollegeReferences edit Burgeoning higher education in Ethiopia beset by shortcomings www aa com tr Retrieved 2022 10 02 a b Boateng Fred Kofi 2019 Higher Education Systems and Institutions Ethiopia Encyclopedia of International Higher Education Systems and Institutions Dordrecht Springer Netherlands pp 1 6 doi 10 1007 978 94 017 9553 1 449 1 ISBN 978 94 017 9553 1 S2CID 240946603 retrieved 2022 10 02 Habte Aklilu Hewit Menguesha Gebre Kehoe Monika 1963 Higher Education in Ethiopia Journal of Ethiopian Studies 1 1 3 7 ISSN 0304 2243 JSTOR 41965684 Tamrat Wondwosen 2022 03 09 HE Financing Reforms Intentions and Realities Brill ISBN 978 90 04 51348 8 Transformations in Higher Education Experiences with Reform and Expansion in Ethiopian Higher Education System 2 October 2022 CiteSeerX 10 1 1 570 1114 Saint William 2004 Higher Education in Ethiopia The Vision and Its Challenges Journal of Higher Education in Africa 2 3 83 113 doi 10 57054 jhea v2i3 1667 ISSN 0851 7762 JSTOR 24486295 S2CID 257551878 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Higher education in Ethiopia amp oldid 1180390025, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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