The hexafluoroarsenate (sometimes shortened to fluoroarsenate) anion is a chemical species with formula AsF−6. Hexafluoroarsenate is relatively inert, being the conjugate base of the notional superacidhexafluoroarsenic acid (HAsF6).
In the following reaction, one mole of arsenic trifluoride, three moles of silver fluoride, and one mole of nitrosyl chloride are reacted to produce one mole of nitrosyl hexafluoroarsenate, one mole of silver chloride, and two moles of elemental silver.
Like its pnictogen congeners, hexafluoroarsenate is a noncoordinating anion, a counterion used to stably store extremely reactive cations.[5] Through the appropriate choice of fluorine donor, the synthesis of hexafluoroarsenate can also double as preparation of an exotic cation.[2][6] The resulting salts are typically stable to metathesis with silver(I), ammonium, potassium, or caesium ions.[3][2] Unlike the former three, caesium hexafluoroarsenate is insoluble in water.
Intercalation compounds of graphite and hexafluoroarsenic acid exhibit unusually high conductivity, leading to early proposals that the acid might serve as an electrode or electrolyte in high-energy batteries.[9][4] Subsequent investigation revealed that the high conductivity occurs because both electron holes in the graphite and the hexafluoroarsenate ions themselves serve as charge carriers.[9][10]
Arsenic pentafluoride – chemical compoundPages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback
Hexafluoroantimonate – chemical compoundPages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback
Referencesedit
^Ruff, Otto; Stäuber, Kurt; Graf, Hugo (1 May 1908). "Über Verbindungen des Arsenpentafluorids und Antimonpentafluorids mit Nitrosylfluorid" [On the Fusion of Arsenic and Antimony Pentafluorides with Nitrosyl Fluoride]. Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie (in German). Wiley: 325–337. doi:10.1002/zaac.19080580130.
Dess 1955 cites Marignac, M. C. (1867). "Sur Quelques Fluosels de l'Antimoine et de l'Arsenic" [On Some Fluorine Salts of Antimony and Arsenic]. Annales de chimie et de physique (in French): 371–385 – via Gallica, but discounts it as describing an implausibly easy synthesis with a hydrolyzable product.
^ abcMoy, David; Young, Archie R. II (May 5, 1965). "The Preparation of Fluorodiazonium Hexafluoroarsenate (N2F+AsF− [sic]) from cis-Difluorodiazine". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 87 (9): 1889–1892. doi:10.1021/ja01087a010.
^ abDess, Harry Martin (Feb 9, 1955). The Preparation and Properties of Complex Fluoroarsenate Compounds (Thesis). University of Michigan. Excerpted in the Journal of the American Chemical Society, DOI 10.1021/ja01564a018.
^ abLawless, Edward W.; Wiegand, C. J. Wesley; Mizumoto, Yukio; Weis, Constance (July 28, 1970). "Lithium Hexafluoroarsenate and Hexafluoroarsenic Acid". Inorganic Chemistry. 10 (5) (published 1971): 1084–1086. doi:10.1021/ic50099a048.
^Maia Melo, Sérgio; Sousa Silveira, Alexandre (3 February 1983). "Hexafluoroarsenate as a Non-Coordinating Anion in Lanthanide Complexes with the Diphenyl Sulphoxide Ligand". Journal of the Less Common Metals. 94 (2). The Netherlands: Elsevier Sequoia: 305–308. doi:10.1016/0022-5088(83)90029-2.
^Desmarteau, Darryl D.; Lam, William Y.; O'Brien, Brian A.; Shi-Ching Chang (December 5, 1983). "Novel Ammonium Hexafluoroarsenate Salts from Reaction of (CF3)2NH, CF3N(OCF3)H, CF3N[OCF(CF3)2]H, CF3NHF and SF5NHF with the Strong Acid HF/AsF5". Journal of Fluorine Chemistry. 25 (3). The Netherlands: Elsevier Sequoia S.A. (published 1984): 387–394. doi:10.1016/S0022-1139(00)81212-9.
^Axhausen, Joachim; Lux, Karin; Kornath, Andreas (2014). "The Existence of Hexafluoroarsenic(V) Acid". Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 53 (14). Wiley: 3720–3721. doi:10.1002/anie.201308023. PMID 24446235.
^Davidson, D. W.; Calvert, L. D.; Lee, F.; Ripmeester, J. A. (31 July 1980). "Hydrogen Fluoride Containing Isostructural Hydrates of Hexafluorophosphoric, Hexafluoroarsenic, and Hexafluoroantimonic Acids". Inorg. Chem. 20 (published 1981): 2013–2016. doi:10.1021/ic50221a016. Also published as NRCC 18823.
^ abVogel, F. L.; Foley, G. M. T.; Zeller, C.; Falardeau, E. R.; Gan, J. (1977). "High Electrical Conductivity in Graphite Intercalated with Acid Fluorides". Materials Science and Engineering. 31. The Netherlands/Lausanne, Switzerland: Elsevier Sequoia S.A.: 261–265. doi:10.1016/0025-5416(77)90043-X.
^Milliken, J. W.; Fischer, J. E. (1 May 1983). "Ionic Salt Limit in Graphite–Fluoroarsenate Intercalation Compounds". J. Chem. Phys. 78 (9) (published 31 August 1998): 5800–5808. Bibcode:1983JChPh..78.5800M. doi:10.1063/1.445423.
January 01, 1970
hexafluoroarsenate, hexafluoroarsenate, sometimes, shortened, fluoroarsenate, anion, chemical, species, with, formula, relatively, inert, being, conjugate, base, notional, superacid, hexafluoroarsenic, acid, hasf6, names, other, names, identifiers, number, 169. The hexafluoroarsenate sometimes shortened to fluoroarsenate anion is a chemical species with formula AsF 6 Hexafluoroarsenate is relatively inert being the conjugate base of the notional superacid hexafluoroarsenic acid HAsF6 Hexafluoroarsenate Names Other names Hexafluoroarsenate V Identifiers CAS Number 16973 45 8 3D model JSmol Interactive image ChemSpider 21985 EC Number acid 241 128 9 PubChem CID 23515 InChI InChI 1S AsF6 c2 1 3 4 5 6 7 q 1Key ZENAVJHBLNXNHN UHFFFAOYSA N SMILES F As F F F F F Properties Chemical formula AsF 6 Molar mass 188 91 g mol Except where otherwise noted data are given for materials in their standard state at 25 C 77 F 100 kPa Infobox references Contents 1 Synthesis 2 Conjugate acid and other salts 3 Applications 4 See also 5 ReferencesSynthesis editThe first undisputed synthesis is due to Otto Ruff Kurt Stauber and Hugo Graf who began with the lower valent arsenic trifluoride using silver I fluoride as both a fluorine source and oxidant 1 AsF 3 3 AgF NOCl NOAsF 6 AgCl 2 Ag displaystyle ce AsF3 3AgF NOCl gt NOAsF6 AgCl 2Ag nbsp In the following reaction one mole of arsenic trifluoride three moles of silver fluoride and one mole of nitrosyl chloride are reacted to produce one mole of nitrosyl hexafluoroarsenate one mole of silver chloride and two moles of elemental silver Modern syntheses usually begin with arsenic pentafluoride AsF5 which abstracts fluoride from common donors such as hydrogen fluoride HF or cis difluorodiazine N2F2 2 Although the hexafluoroarsenate ion is stable against hydrolysis the related hydroxyfluoroarsenate ion AsF5OH is not synthesis of hexafluoroarsenates from pentavalent arsenic oxides and aqueous hydrogen fluoride requires thermal dehydration or extensive stoichiometric excess of the latter 3 4 Conjugate acid and other salts editLike its pnictogen congeners hexafluoroarsenate is a noncoordinating anion a counterion used to stably store extremely reactive cations 5 Through the appropriate choice of fluorine donor the synthesis of hexafluoroarsenate can also double as preparation of an exotic cation 2 6 The resulting salts are typically stable to metathesis with silver I ammonium potassium or caesium ions 3 2 Unlike the former three caesium hexafluoroarsenate is insoluble in water Hexafluoroarsenic acid is an extremely strong acid The anhydrous compound has been analyzed by X ray crystallography which reveals hexafluoroarsenate with a proton attached to one fluoride 7 The more commonly encountered hydrate is isostructural with the hydrates off hexafluorophosphoric acid and hexafluoroantimonic acid 8 These salts contain MF6 M P As Sb HF and water Applications editIntercalation compounds of graphite and hexafluoroarsenic acid exhibit unusually high conductivity leading to early proposals that the acid might serve as an electrode or electrolyte in high energy batteries 9 4 Subsequent investigation revealed that the high conductivity occurs because both electron holes in the graphite and the hexafluoroarsenate ions themselves serve as charge carriers 9 10 See also editSuperacid Extremely strong acid Hexafluorophosphate phosphorus analogue Arsenic pentafluoride chemical compoundPages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback Hexafluoroantimonate chemical compoundPages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallbackReferences edit Ruff Otto Stauber Kurt Graf Hugo 1 May 1908 Uber Verbindungen des Arsen pentafluorids und Antimon pentafluorids mit Nitrosyl fluorid On the Fusion of Arsenic and Antimony Pentafluorides with Nitrosyl Fluoride Zeitschrift fur anorganische und allgemeine Chemie in German Wiley 325 337 doi 10 1002 zaac 19080580130 Dess 1955 cites Marignac M C 1867 Sur Quelques Fluosels de l Antimoine et de l Arsenic On Some Fluorine Salts of Antimony and Arsenic Annales de chimie et de physique in French 371 385 via Gallica but discounts it as describing an implausibly easy synthesis with a hydrolyzable product a b c Moy David Young Archie R II May 5 1965 The Preparation of Fluorodiazonium Hexafluoroarsenate N2F AsF sic from cis Difluorodiazine Journal of the American Chemical Society 87 9 1889 1892 doi 10 1021 ja01087a010 a b Dess Harry Martin Feb 9 1955 The Preparation and Properties of Complex Fluoroarsenate Compounds Thesis University of Michigan Excerpted in the Journal of the American Chemical Society DOI 10 1021 ja01564a018 a b Lawless Edward W Wiegand C J Wesley Mizumoto Yukio Weis Constance July 28 1970 Lithium Hexafluoroarsenate and Hexafluoroarsenic Acid Inorganic Chemistry 10 5 published 1971 1084 1086 doi 10 1021 ic50099a048 Maia Melo Sergio Sousa Silveira Alexandre 3 February 1983 Hexafluoroarsenate as a Non Coordinating Anion in Lanthanide Complexes with the Diphenyl Sulphoxide Ligand Journal of the Less Common Metals 94 2 The Netherlands Elsevier Sequoia 305 308 doi 10 1016 0022 5088 83 90029 2 Desmarteau Darryl D Lam William Y O Brien Brian A Shi Ching Chang December 5 1983 Novel Ammonium Hexafluoroarsenate Salts from Reaction of CF3 2NH CF3N OCF3 H CF3N OCF CF3 2 H CF3NHF and SF5NHF with the Strong Acid HF AsF5 Journal of Fluorine Chemistry 25 3 The Netherlands Elsevier Sequoia S A published 1984 387 394 doi 10 1016 S0022 1139 00 81212 9 Axhausen Joachim Lux Karin Kornath Andreas 2014 The Existence of Hexafluoroarsenic V Acid Angewandte Chemie International Edition 53 14 Wiley 3720 3721 doi 10 1002 anie 201308023 PMID 24446235 Davidson D W Calvert L D Lee F Ripmeester J A 31 July 1980 Hydrogen Fluoride Containing Isostructural Hydrates of Hexafluoro phosphoric Hexafluoro arsenic and Hexafluoro antimonic Acids Inorg Chem 20 published 1981 2013 2016 doi 10 1021 ic50221a016 Also published as NRCC 18823 a b Vogel F L Foley G M T Zeller C Falardeau E R Gan J 1977 High Electrical Conductivity in Graphite Intercalated with Acid Fluorides Materials Science and Engineering 31 The Netherlands Lausanne Switzerland Elsevier Sequoia S A 261 265 doi 10 1016 0025 5416 77 90043 X Milliken J W Fischer J E 1 May 1983 Ionic Salt Limit in Graphite Fluoroarsenate Intercalation Compounds J Chem Phys 78 9 published 31 August 1998 5800 5808 Bibcode 1983JChPh 78 5800M doi 10 1063 1 445423 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Hexafluoroarsenate amp oldid 1214444796, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
