Karl Hermann Konrad Burmeister (also known as Carlos Germán Conrado Burmeister) (15 January 1807 – 2 May 1892) was a German Argentinezoologist, entomologist, herpetologist, botanist, and coleopterologist. He served as a professor at the University of Halle, headed the museum there and published the Handbuch der Entomologie (1832–1855) before moving to Argentina where he worked until his death.
Burmeister was born in Stralsund, where his father was a customs officer. He studied medicine at Greifswald (1825–1827) and Halle (1827–1829), and in 1830 went to Berlin to qualify himself to be a teacher of natural history. His dissertation was titled De insectorum systemate naturali and graduated as a doctor of medicine on November 4, 1829 and then received a doctor of philosophy on December 19 in the same year. He then joined for military service in Berlin and Grünberg (Silesia). He was soon after appointed an instructor in the gymnasium at Cologne.[1] He later became a professor of zoology at the Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg serving there from 1837 to 1861. During this period he published several major works on insects which also involved the examination of insect collections around Europe and those of wealthy collectors. He married, Marie Elise, the daughter of shipowner and insect collector M.C. Sommer of Altona in 1836.
In 1848, during the revolutionary excitement, he was sent by the city of Halle as deputy to the national assembly, and subsequently by the town of Leibnitz to the first Prussian chamber.[2] Around 1848 he became a socialist and still later opposed slavery. He traveled to Brazil from 1850 to 1852, partly supported through the efforts of Alexander von Humboldt was cut short by a leg injury. He then visited Argentina from 1857 to 1860, returning to Germany with zoological collections. He was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 1856.[3] In 1861, he divorced his wife and went to live in Argentina, founding the Institute at the Museo Nacional in Buenos Aires. He married an Argentine woman and they had two sons, Carlos and Federico. Carlos also became a scientist. Burmeister headed the Academy of Sciences, formed from the scientific faculty of Argentina's National University of Córdoba.[2] He took an interest in paleontology and was keenly interested in protecting fossils in the pampas region and helped the passage of a law.[4][5]
In the field of herpetology he described many new species of amphibians[6] and reptiles.[7] He also mistakenly described a bovidatlas as belonging to Macrauchenia patachonica.[8] Burmeister was said to be harsh and did not have any close circle of friends. While working at the Argentine museum, he had a fall from a ladder and landed on a glass case and injured himself seriously on 8 February 1892. He resigned from work on 18 April and died on 2 May. A state funeral was held on the 4 May and the president of Argentina, Carlos Pellegrini was present. A monument was placed on the bank of the Rio de La Plata in the Parque 3 Febrero on October 7, 1900 and later moved to the Parque Centenario.[4]
Evolutionedit
Burmeister was a critic of Darwinism, he rejected common descent.[9] However, he changed his views slightly on common descent in the late 1870s. In 1879 he commented that:
I am wholly convinced that the beings found in the older formations of our globe are the prototypes of contemporary beings, and in this respect, I declare myself a partisan of the hypothesis recently developed in detail, and as a natural law, by Darwin and his followers. But I must confess that their experiments have not provided me with any proof that any fundamental change in type is possible.[9]
1829 De insectorum systemate naturali. 40 pp. Grunert, Halle. [1829.??]
1832 Handbuch der Entomologie Vol. 1, xvi+ 696 + [2] pp. Reimer, Berlin. [after 1832.10.31]
[1835] Bericht über die Fortschritte der Entomologie 1834–35. Arch. Naturgesch. 1(2): 7-74.
1837 Handbuch der Naturgeschichte. [Part 2] xii + pp. 369–858. Enslin, Berlin. [1837.??]
1851 u. 1853Geologische Bilder zur Geschichte der Erde und ihrer Bewohner, 2 Volumes.- Verlag von Otto Wigand, Leipzig, 312+326pp
O. Taschenberg "Karl Hermann Konrad Burmeister" Leopoldina, 29: 43-46; 62-64; 78-82; 94–97. Halle (1893)
C. Berg "Carlos Germán Conrado Burmeister. Bio (with a portrait)" Anales Museum of Natural History in Buenos Aires, 4: 315–357. Buenos Aires, Argentina (1895)
C. Berg "Carlos Germán Conrado Burmeister. Bio" Anales de la Sociedad Argentina Science, 41: 97-107. Buenos Aires, Argentina (1896)
Anonymous "Germán Burmeister, 25 † anniversary of his death" Physis, 3 (14): 305–306. Buenos Aires, Argentina (1917)
B. Houssay "The personality of German Burmeister" Physis, 19 (53): 279–283. Buenos Aires, Argentina (1942)
WITNESS Mendilaharzu "Burmeister unpublished" Deutsche Lehrerzeitung für Argentinien: 22–25. Buenos Aires, Argentina (1942)
C. Withaus "Germán Bumeister. Memorias del Museo de Entre Rios." Parana Province of Entre Rios, Argentina (1942)
G. Araoz Alfaro "A wise German in the service of Argentina, German Burmeister" Argentine-German cultural institutions, pp. 1–15. Buenos Aires, Argentina (1943)
R. Ardissone "Homage to Burmeister. Burmeister contribution to geography" Bulletin EAG, (35): 9-10. Buenos Aires, Argentina (1957)
A. Burkart "Burmeister as botanical" Revista de la Universidad Nacional de la Plata, 4: 89–95. La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina (1958)
M. Buraben "Germán Burmeister, his life, his work" Cultural issues Argentinas, pp. 1–95. Buenos Aires, Argentina (1968)
K. Müller "Hermann Burmeister" Die Natur, 36 (NF, 13): 136–138. Halle (1887)
M. Asua "Official support for the Physics Description de la République Argentine H. Burmeister" Quipu, 6 (3): 339–353. México (1989)
NT Auza "Germán Burmeister and Paleontological Society 1866-1868" Investigations and Trials, 46: 137–155. National History Academy. Buenos Aires, Argentina (1997)
Other worksedit
Beiträge zur Naturgeschichte der Rankenfüsser (Cirripedia)
El Campo del Cielo (Territorio del Chaco) : extracto de un informe presentado /por el naturalista viajero Carlos Burmeister
Beschreibung einiger neuen oder weniger bekannten Schmarotzerkrebse : nebst allgemeinen Betrachtungen über die Gruppe, welcher sie angehören
Die Labyrinthodonten aus dem bunten Sandstein von Bernburg : zoologisch geschildert
Die Organisation der Trilobiten aus ihren lebenden Verwandten entwickelt : nebst einer systematischen Uebersicht aller zeither beschriebenen Arten
The organization of trilobites, deduced from their living affinities : with a systematic review of the species hitherto (with Thomas Bell and Edward Forbes)
Systematische Uebersicht der Thiere Brasiliens : welche während einer Reise durch die Provinzen von Rio de Janeiro und Minas geraës gesammlt oder beobachtet Wurden (Vols. 1-3)
Beiträge zur näheren Kenntniss der Gattung Tarsius
Lehrbuch der Naturgeschichte
Revision del género Ecpantheria
Description physique de la République Argentine d'après des observations personelles et étrangères (with Emile Daireaux, and E. Maupas) (Vols. 1-5)
Genera quædam insectorum. Iconibus illustravit et descripsit Hermannus Burmeister ...
Grundiss der Naturgeschichte : Für Gymnasien und höhere Bürgerschulen
A Manual of entomology, / tr. from the German of Dr. Herman Burmeister by W. E. Shuckard, with additions by the author, and original notes and plates by the translator
^One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Ripley, George; Dana, Charles A., eds. (1879). "Burmeister, Hermann" . The American Cyclopædia.
^Püschel, Hans P.; Martinelli, Agustín G. (21 August 2023). "More than 100 years of a mistake: on the anatomy of the atlas of the enigmatic Macrauchenia patachonica". Swiss Journal of Palaeontology. 142 (1): 1–11. doi:10.1186/s13358-023-00279-1. ISSN 1664-2376. Retrieved 29 September 2023.
^ abcLevine, Alex; Novoa, Adriana. (2012). Darwinistas!: The Construction of Evolutionary Thought in Nineteenth Century Argentina. Brill. pp. 100-102. ISBN978-9004221369
Andreas Daum, Wissenschaftspopularisierung im 19. Jahrhundert: Bürgerliche Kultur, naturwissenschaftliche Bildung und die deutsche Öffentlichkeit, 1848–1914. Munich: Oldenbourg, 1998, ISBN3-486-56337-8,
"Hermann Burmeister," in Tom Taylor and Michael Taylor, Aves: A Survey of the Literature of Neotropical Ornithology, Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Libraries, 2011.
External linksedit
Jens Andermannn-Relics and Selves
Cooper, Thompson (1884). "Burmeister, Hermann" . Men of the Time (eleventh ed.). London: George Routledge & Sons. p. 192.
Gaedike, R.; Groll, E. K. & Taeger, A. 2012: Bibliography of the entomological literature from the beginning until 1863 : online database - version 1.0 - Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut.
February 16, 2024
hermann, burmeister, karl, hermann, konrad, burmeister, also, known, carlos, germán, conrado, burmeister, january, 1807, 1892, german, argentine, zoologist, entomologist, herpetologist, botanist, coleopterologist, served, professor, university, halle, headed, . Karl Hermann Konrad Burmeister also known as Carlos German Conrado Burmeister 15 January 1807 2 May 1892 was a German Argentine zoologist entomologist herpetologist botanist and coleopterologist He served as a professor at the University of Halle headed the museum there and published the Handbuch der Entomologie 1832 1855 before moving to Argentina where he worked until his death Hermann BurmeisterBornKarl Hermann Konrad Burmeister 1807 01 15 15 January 1807Stralsund Mecklenburg Vorpommern GermanyDied2 May 1892 1892 05 02 aged 85 Buenos Aires ArgentinaNationalityGerman ArgentineOther namesCarlos German Conrado BurmeisterEducationUniversity of Greifswald University of Halle Humboldt University of BerlinKnown forHandbuch der EntomologieSpouseMarie Elise SommerScientific careerFieldszoology entomology herpetology botany and coleopterologyInstitutionsUniversity of Halle National University of Cordoba ArgentinaPatronsAlexander von HumboldtThesisDe insectorum systemate naturaliAuthor abbrev botany Burmeist Author abbrev zoology Burmeister Contents 1 Career 2 Evolution 3 Bibliography 4 Other works 5 See also 6 References 7 Further reading 8 External linksCareer editBurmeister was born in Stralsund where his father was a customs officer He studied medicine at Greifswald 1825 1827 and Halle 1827 1829 and in 1830 went to Berlin to qualify himself to be a teacher of natural history His dissertation was titled De insectorum systemate naturali and graduated as a doctor of medicine on November 4 1829 and then received a doctor of philosophy on December 19 in the same year He then joined for military service in Berlin and Grunberg Silesia He was soon after appointed an instructor in the gymnasium at Cologne 1 He later became a professor of zoology at the Martin Luther University of Halle Wittenberg serving there from 1837 to 1861 During this period he published several major works on insects which also involved the examination of insect collections around Europe and those of wealthy collectors He married Marie Elise the daughter of shipowner and insect collector M C Sommer of Altona in 1836 In 1848 during the revolutionary excitement he was sent by the city of Halle as deputy to the national assembly and subsequently by the town of Leibnitz to the first Prussian chamber 2 Around 1848 he became a socialist and still later opposed slavery He traveled to Brazil from 1850 to 1852 partly supported through the efforts of Alexander von Humboldt was cut short by a leg injury He then visited Argentina from 1857 to 1860 returning to Germany with zoological collections He was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 1856 3 In 1861 he divorced his wife and went to live in Argentina founding the Institute at the Museo Nacional in Buenos Aires He married an Argentine woman and they had two sons Carlos and Federico Carlos also became a scientist Burmeister headed the Academy of Sciences formed from the scientific faculty of Argentina s National University of Cordoba 2 He took an interest in paleontology and was keenly interested in protecting fossils in the pampas region and helped the passage of a law 4 5 In the field of herpetology he described many new species of amphibians 6 and reptiles 7 He also mistakenly described a bovid atlas as belonging to Macrauchenia patachonica 8 Burmeister was said to be harsh and did not have any close circle of friends While working at the Argentine museum he had a fall from a ladder and landed on a glass case and injured himself seriously on 8 February 1892 He resigned from work on 18 April and died on 2 May A state funeral was held on the 4 May and the president of Argentina Carlos Pellegrini was present A monument was placed on the bank of the Rio de La Plata in the Parque 3 Febrero on October 7 1900 and later moved to the Parque Centenario 4 Evolution editBurmeister was a critic of Darwinism he rejected common descent 9 However he changed his views slightly on common descent in the late 1870s In 1879 he commented that I am wholly convinced that the beings found in the older formations of our globe are the prototypes of contemporary beings and in this respect I declare myself a partisan of the hypothesis recently developed in detail and as a natural law by Darwin and his followers But I must confess that their experiments have not provided me with any proof that any fundamental change in type is possible 9 Florentino Ameghino described Burmeister as a Biblical creationist although this remains unconfirmed 9 The standard author abbreviation Burmeist is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name 10 Bibliography edit1829 De insectorum systemate naturali 40 pp Grunert Halle 1829 1832 Handbuch der Entomologie Vol 1 xvi 696 2 pp Reimer Berlin after 1832 10 31 1835 Bericht uber die Fortschritte der Entomologie 1834 35 Arch Naturgesch 1 2 7 74 1837 Handbuch der Naturgeschichte Part 2 xii pp 369 858 Enslin Berlin 1837 1851 u 1853Geologische Bilder zur Geschichte der Erde und ihrer Bewohner 2 Volumes Verlag von Otto Wigand Leipzig 312 326pp O Taschenberg Karl Hermann Konrad Burmeister Leopoldina 29 43 46 62 64 78 82 94 97 Halle 1893 C Berg Carlos German Conrado Burmeister Bio with a portrait Anales Museum of Natural History in Buenos Aires 4 315 357 Buenos Aires Argentina 1895 C Berg Carlos German Conrado Burmeister Bio Anales de la Sociedad Argentina Science 41 97 107 Buenos Aires Argentina 1896 Anonymous German Burmeister 25 anniversary of his death Physis 3 14 305 306 Buenos Aires Argentina 1917 B Houssay The personality of German Burmeister Physis 19 53 279 283 Buenos Aires Argentina 1942 WITNESS Mendilaharzu Burmeister unpublished Deutsche Lehrerzeitung fur Argentinien 22 25 Buenos Aires Argentina 1942 C Withaus German Bumeister Memorias del Museo de Entre Rios Parana Province of Entre Rios Argentina 1942 G Araoz Alfaro A wise German in the service of Argentina German Burmeister Argentine German cultural institutions pp 1 15 Buenos Aires Argentina 1943 R Ardissone Homage to Burmeister Burmeister contribution to geography Bulletin EAG 35 9 10 Buenos Aires Argentina 1957 A Burkart Burmeister as botanical Revista de la Universidad Nacional de la Plata 4 89 95 La Plata Buenos Aires Argentina 1958 M Buraben German Burmeister his life his work Cultural issues Argentinas pp 1 95 Buenos Aires Argentina 1968 K Muller Hermann Burmeister Die Natur 36 NF 13 136 138 Halle 1887 M Asua Official support for the Physics Description de la Republique Argentine H Burmeister Quipu 6 3 339 353 Mexico 1989 NT Auza German Burmeister and Paleontological Society 1866 1868 Investigations and Trials 46 137 155 National History Academy Buenos Aires Argentina 1997 Other works editBeitrage zur Naturgeschichte der Rankenfusser Cirripedia El Campo del Cielo Territorio del Chaco extracto de un informe presentado por el naturalista viajero Carlos Burmeister Beschreibung einiger neuen oder weniger bekannten Schmarotzerkrebse nebst allgemeinen Betrachtungen uber die Gruppe welcher sie angehoren Die Labyrinthodonten aus dem bunten Sandstein von Bernburg zoologisch geschildert Die Organisation der Trilobiten aus ihren lebenden Verwandten entwickelt nebst einer systematischen Uebersicht aller zeither beschriebenen Arten The organization of trilobites deduced from their living affinities with a systematic review of the species hitherto with Thomas Bell and Edward Forbes Systematische Uebersicht der Thiere Brasiliens welche wahrend einer Reise durch die Provinzen von Rio de Janeiro und Minas geraes gesammlt oder beobachtet Wurden Vols 1 3 Beitrage zur naheren Kenntniss der Gattung Tarsius Lehrbuch der Naturgeschichte Revision del genero Ecpantheria Description physique de la Republique Argentine d apres des observations personelles et etrangeres with Emile Daireaux and E Maupas Vols 1 5 Genera quaedam insectorum Iconibus illustravit et descripsit Hermannus Burmeister Grundiss der Naturgeschichte Fur Gymnasien und hohere Burgerschulen A Manual of entomology tr from the German of Dr Herman Burmeister by W E Shuckard with additions by the author and original notes and plates by the translatorSee also editCategory Taxa named by Hermann BurmeisterReferences edit One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain Ripley George Dana Charles A eds 1879 Burmeister Hermann The American Cyclopaedia a b Wilson J G Fiske J eds 1900 Burmeister Karl Hermann Konrad Appletons Cyclopaedia of American Biography New York D Appleton APS Member History search amphilsoc org Retrieved 2020 12 16 a b Ulrich Werner 1972 Hermann Burmeister 1807 to 1892 Annual Review of Entomology 17 1 1 22 doi 10 1146 annurev en 17 010172 000245 ISSN 0066 4170 PMID 4550534 Bragg P E 2007 Biographies of Phasmatologists 3 Hermann Burmeister Phasmid Studies 16 1 1 4 Amphibian Species of the World 5 5 research amnh org vz herpetology amphibia The Reptile Database www reptile database org Puschel Hans P Martinelli Agustin G 21 August 2023 More than 100 years of a mistake on the anatomy of the atlas of the enigmatic Macrauchenia patachonica Swiss Journal of Palaeontology 142 1 1 11 doi 10 1186 s13358 023 00279 1 ISSN 1664 2376 Retrieved 29 September 2023 a b c Levine Alex Novoa Adriana 2012 Darwinistas The Construction of Evolutionary Thought in Nineteenth Century Argentina Brill pp 100 102 ISBN 978 9004221369 International Plant Names Index Burmeist Further reading editAndreas Daum Wissenschaftspopularisierung im 19 Jahrhundert Burgerliche Kultur naturwissenschaftliche Bildung und die deutsche Offentlichkeit 1848 1914 Munich Oldenbourg 1998 ISBN 3 486 56337 8 Hermann Burmeister in Tom Taylor and Michael Taylor Aves A Survey of the Literature of Neotropical Ornithology Baton Rouge Louisiana State University Libraries 2011 External links editJens Andermannn Relics and Selves nbsp Cooper Thompson 1884 Burmeister Hermann Men of the Time eleventh ed London George Routledge amp Sons p 192 Gaedike R Groll E K amp Taeger A 2012 Bibliography of the entomological literature from the beginning until 1863 online database version 1 0 Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Hermann Burmeister amp oldid 1192539661, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
