Henry Herbert, 10th Earl of Pembroke (3 July 1734 – 26 January 1794) was a British Army officer, peer, politician and courtier who served as a Lord of the Bedchamber to King George III in 1769. He was renowned for his skill in horse training. Captain James Cook's famous ship, HMS Endeavour, was formerly MS Earl of Pembroke, launched in 1765 and named after the 10th Earl.[1]
He was educated at Eton College, and was styled Lord Herbert until he succeeded to his father's earldom in 1749. He became a Lieutenant-General in the Army, later Colonel of the 1st Regiment of Dragoons.
He became an authority on breaking cavalry horses and in 1755 built an indoor Riding School at Wilton House and commissioned 55 paintings of military riding exercises which now hang in the Large Smoking Room at Wilton. In 1756 he married the 19-year-old Lady Elizabeth Spencer (January/March 1737–30 April 1831), a daughter of Charles Spencer, 3rd Duke of Marlborough by his wife Elizabeth Trevor. As his London townhouse he purchased 40 Queen Anne Street, Marylebone which he used for entertaining during the "London season". This must have been before 1760, as early that year he was despatched with his regiment to Germany to take part in the Seven Years' War as a Major-General in command of the Cavalry Brigade in Germany until the following year.
In 1761, he wrote the British Army's manual on riding, Military Equitation: or A Method of Breaking Horses, and Teaching Soldiers to Ride, which had already reached a 4th edition by 1793, and his methods were adopted throughout the British cavalry.
Charlotte Herbert (1773–1784), who died from consumption at age 10.
MistressesEdit
Portrait possibly of Kitty Hunter, Pembroke's mistress, inscribed on the back: For Lord Pembroke at Whitehall; or possibly of Mary FitzWilliam, his mother
He had several mistresses amongst whom were:
Kitty Hunter, whom he met on his return to England in January 1762, and, disguised as a sailor, eloped with to the Low Countries having left a note for his wife. Horace Walpole commented:
"As Pembroke a horseman by most is accounted
'Tis not strange his Lordship a Hunter has mounted."
On Henry's recall to the Army in Germany, the pregnant Kitty returned to England and on 23 November 1762[3] gave birth to their child Augustus Retnuh Reebkomp (died 6 February 1797) whose middle name spelt "Hunter" backwards and whose surname was an anagram of "Pembroke". He later adopted the surname "Montgomery". Henry returned to England in February 1763 and was reconciled to his wife in March.
Second mistress, with whom Henry had another affair in Venice in 1768, apparently carrying the lady off on the very night of her wedding to someone else. She gave birth to their illegitimate child Caroline Medkaff that year or the next.
DeathEdit
He died at Wilton at the age of 59.
NotesEdit
^Debrett's Peerage of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. G. Woodfall. 1828. p. 98.
Henry, Elizabeth and George: Letters and Diaries of Henry, 10th Earl of Pembroke and his Circle (1734–80), 16th Earl, 1939, repub as: The Pembroke Papers vol. I (1734–80), 1942–50.
The Pembroke Papers vol. II (1780–94), 16th Earl, 1950, [EUL] 9(42073) Pem.
henry, herbert, 10th, earl, pembroke, july, 1734, january, 1794, british, army, officer, peer, politician, courtier, served, lord, bedchamber, king, george, 1769, renowned, skill, horse, training, captain, james, cook, famous, ship, endeavour, formerly, earl, . Henry Herbert 10th Earl of Pembroke 3 July 1734 26 January 1794 was a British Army officer peer politician and courtier who served as a Lord of the Bedchamber to King George III in 1769 He was renowned for his skill in horse training Captain James Cook s famous ship HMS Endeavour was formerly MS Earl of Pembroke launched in 1765 and named after the 10th Earl 1 The Right HonourableThe Earl of PembrokeLord of the BedchamberIn office 1761 1763MonarchGeorge IIIPreceded byThe Earl of HyndfordSucceeded byThe Earl of PomfretPersonal detailsBorn 1734 07 03 3 July 1734Died26 January 1794 1794 01 27 aged 59 NationalityBritishSpouseLady Elizabeth SpencerChildrenGeorge Augustus Herbert 11th Earl of Pembroke 8th Earl of Montgomery Charlotte HerbertParent s Henry Herbert 9th Earl of PembrokeMary FitzWilliamEducationEton CollegeOccupationCavalry officerHerbert s coat of arms Per pale azure and gules three lions rampant argent Contents 1 Origins 2 Career 3 Marriage and children 4 Mistresses 5 Death 6 Notes 7 SourcesOrigins EditHe was the son and heir of Henry Herbert 9th Earl of Pembroke 1693 1749 of Wilton House by his wife Mary FitzWilliam a daughter of Richard FitzWilliam 5th Viscount FitzWilliam and Frances Shelley Through this marriage his son inherited the substantial FitzWilliam properties in Dublin and FitzWilliam House at Richmond Green in Surrey which he renamed Pembroke House 2 Career EditThis section does not cite any sources Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Henry Herbert 10th Earl of Pembroke news newspapers books scholar JSTOR December 2022 Learn how and when to remove this template message He was educated at Eton College and was styled Lord Herbert until he succeeded to his father s earldom in 1749 He became a Lieutenant General in the Army later Colonel of the 1st Regiment of Dragoons He became an authority on breaking cavalry horses and in 1755 built an indoor Riding School at Wilton House and commissioned 55 paintings of military riding exercises which now hang in the Large Smoking Room at Wilton In 1756 he married the 19 year old Lady Elizabeth Spencer January March 1737 30 April 1831 a daughter of Charles Spencer 3rd Duke of Marlborough by his wife Elizabeth Trevor As his London townhouse he purchased 40 Queen Anne Street Marylebone which he used for entertaining during the London season This must have been before 1760 as early that year he was despatched with his regiment to Germany to take part in the Seven Years War as a Major General in command of the Cavalry Brigade in Germany until the following year In 1761 he wrote the British Army s manual on riding Military Equitation or A Method of Breaking Horses and Teaching Soldiers to Ride which had already reached a 4th edition by 1793 and his methods were adopted throughout the British cavalry Henry was appointed a Lord of the Bedchamber to George III in 1769 and advanced to the rank of General in 1782 Marriage and children EditOn 23 March 1756 he married the 19 year old Lady Elizabeth Spencer January March 1737 30 April 1831 a daughter of Charles Spencer 3rd Duke of Marlborough by his wife Elizabeth Trevor By Elizabeth he had issue as follows George Augustus Herbert 11th Earl of Pembroke 8th Earl of Montgomery 1759 1827 son and heir who married firstly in 1787 Elizabeth Beauclerk and secondly in 1808 Countess Catherine Romanovitch Charlotte Herbert 1773 1784 who died from consumption at age 10 Mistresses Edit nbsp Portrait possibly of Kitty Hunter Pembroke s mistress inscribed on the back For Lord Pembroke at Whitehall or possibly of Mary FitzWilliam his motherHe had several mistresses amongst whom were Kitty Hunter whom he met on his return to England in January 1762 and disguised as a sailor eloped with to the Low Countries having left a note for his wife Horace Walpole commented As Pembroke a horseman by most is accounted Tis not strange his Lordship a Hunter has mounted On Henry s recall to the Army in Germany the pregnant Kitty returned to England and on 23 November 1762 3 gave birth to their child Augustus Retnuh Reebkomp died 6 February 1797 whose middle name spelt Hunter backwards and whose surname was an anagram of Pembroke He later adopted the surname Montgomery Henry returned to England in February 1763 and was reconciled to his wife in March Second mistress with whom Henry had another affair in Venice in 1768 apparently carrying the lady off on the very night of her wedding to someone else She gave birth to their illegitimate child Caroline Medkaff that year or the next Death EditHe died at Wilton at the age of 59 Notes Edit Debrett s Peerage of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland G Woodfall 1828 p 98 Old Palace Lane to the Old Deer Park Gates Baptised 25 November 1762Sources EditImages of Kitty Hunter Henry Elizabeth and George Letters and Diaries of Henry 10th Earl of Pembroke and his Circle 1734 80 16th Earl 1939 repub as The Pembroke Papers vol I 1734 80 1942 50 The Pembroke Papers vol II 1780 94 16th Earl 1950 EUL 9 42073 Pem Political officesPreceded byThe Earl of Hyndford Lord of the Bedchamber1761 1763 Succeeded byThe Earl of PomfretMilitary officesPreceded byHon Henry Seymour Conway Colonel of the 1st Royal Regiment of Dragoons1764 1794 Succeeded byPhilip GoldsworthyPreceded byRobert Monckton Governor of Portsmouth1782 1794 Succeeded byWilliam Augustus PittHonorary titlesPreceded byRobert Sawyer Herbert Lord Lieutenant of Wiltshire1756 1780 Succeeded byThe Earl of AilesburyPreceded byThe Earl of Ailesbury Lord Lieutenant of Wiltshire1782 1794 Succeeded byThe Earl of PembrokePeerage of EnglandPreceded byHenry Herbert Earl of PembrokeEarl of Montgomery1750 1794 Succeeded byGeorge Herbert Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Henry Herbert 10th Earl of Pembroke amp oldid 1161793457, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
