Helicobasidium purpureum is a fungalplant pathogen which causes violet root rot in a number of susceptible plant hosts. It is synonymous with Helicobasidium brebissonii (Desm.) Donk. It is the teleomorph of Tuberculina persicina which is its mycoparasitic anamorph.[2]
Helicobasidium purpureum
Helicobasidium purpureum on carrot (Daucus carota)
Helicobasidium purpureum var. purpureum(Tul.) Pat. 1885
Distribution
Helicobasidium purpureum has a cosmopolitan distribution and is found in all regions in which its host plants grow.[3]
Host plants
In the United Kingdom, colonies of Helicobasidium purpureum have been found on the living stems of dog's mercury (Mercurialis perennis) and stinging nettle (Urtica dioica). The fungus is also associated as a saprobe with decaying wood and stumps of broad leaf trees. Its rhizoctoniananamorph infects the roots of carrot (Daucus carota), parsnip (Pastinaca sativa), swede (Brassica napus ssp rapifera), turnip (Brassica rapa), celery (Apium graveolens), asparagus (Asparagus officinalis), beetroot (Beta vulgaris), potato (Solanum tuberosum) and sea kale (Crambe maritima).[4] Wild plants on which it has been found felting the roots with purple or brown mycelium include chickweed (Stellaria) spp., sow thistles (Sonchus) spp., nettles (Urtica) spp., shepherd's purse (Capsella bursa-pastoris) and yarrow (Achillea millefolium).[4]
Symptoms
In susceptible crops, any parts below the ground are liable to infection. The mycelium of the fungus forms a matted, felt-like purple covering which grows over the surface of the root. Soil particles adhere to this and small, dark-coloured sclerotia grow among the hyphae. A dry rot occurs and secondary rots may move in.[5] Mycelial threads, often merging into strands, grow through the soil and infect nearby plants. A pink or brown mat of mycelial threads may grow above the soil surface. In affected plants, the aerial parts may wilt and have discoloured, stunted foliage.[5][6]
Control
Violet root rot chiefly occurs in waterlogged, acid soils. These conditions can be improved by choosing a well-drained location to grow root crops and liming the soil. Individual affected plants can be removed and destroyed. The mycelium and sclerotia remain infective for some time and the ground should not be used again for root crops for at least four years. In the interim, susceptible weeds should not be allowed to grow.[5]
References
^Kew Mycology (2011). "Helicobasidium purpureum (Tul.) Pat". Species Fungorum. Index Fungorum. Retrieved 2013-04-10.
^"Helicobasidium purpureum Pat. syn.: Helicobasidium brebissonii (Desm.) Donk". Tree of Life Web Project. 2006. Retrieved 2013-04-10.
^ abcBrickell, Christopher, ed. (1992). The Royal Horticultural Society Encyclopedia of Gardening. Dorling Kindersley. p. 565. ISBN9780863189791.
^. Pacific Northwest Plant Disease Management Handbook. Archived from the original on 2015-06-10. Retrieved 2013-04-10.
May 18, 2023
helicobasidium, purpureum, fungal, plant, pathogen, which, causes, violet, root, number, susceptible, plant, hosts, synonymous, with, helicobasidium, brebissonii, desm, donk, teleomorph, tuberculina, persicina, which, mycoparasitic, anamorph, carrot, daucus, c. Helicobasidium purpureum is a fungal plant pathogen which causes violet root rot in a number of susceptible plant hosts It is synonymous with Helicobasidium brebissonii Desm Donk It is the teleomorph of Tuberculina persicina which is its mycoparasitic anamorph 2 Helicobasidium purpureumHelicobasidium purpureum on carrot Daucus carota Scientific classificationKingdom FungiPhylum BasidiomycotaClass PucciniomycetesSubclass Incertae sedisOrder HelicobasidialesFamily HelicobasidiaceaeGenus HelicobasidiumSpecies H purpureumBinomial nameHelicobasidium purpureum Tul Pat 1885Synonyms 1 Corticium sanguineum var lilacinum Helicobasidium brebissonii Desm Donk 1958 Hypochnus purpureus Protonema brebissonii Rhizoctonia asparagi Rhizoctonia crocorum Rhizoctonia medicaginis Rhizoctonia rubiae Rhizoctonia violacea Rhizoctonia violacea f dauci Sclerotium crocorum Thanatophytum crocorum Tuber parasiticum Contents 1 Varieties 2 Distribution 3 Host plants 4 Symptoms 5 Control 6 ReferencesVarieties EditThere are three varieties Helicobasidium purpureum var barlae Bres 1909 Helicobasidium purpureum var orientalePat 1920 Helicobasidium purpureum var purpureum Tul Pat 1885Distribution EditHelicobasidium purpureum has a cosmopolitan distribution and is found in all regions in which its host plants grow 3 Host plants EditIn the United Kingdom colonies of Helicobasidium purpureum have been found on the living stems of dog s mercury Mercurialis perennis and stinging nettle Urtica dioica The fungus is also associated as a saprobe with decaying wood and stumps of broad leaf trees Its rhizoctonian anamorph infects the roots of carrot Daucus carota parsnip Pastinaca sativa swede Brassica napus ssp rapifera turnip Brassica rapa celery Apium graveolens asparagus Asparagus officinalis beetroot Beta vulgaris potato Solanum tuberosum and sea kale Crambe maritima 4 Wild plants on which it has been found felting the roots with purple or brown mycelium include chickweed Stellaria spp sow thistles Sonchus spp nettles Urtica spp shepherd s purse Capsella bursa pastoris and yarrow Achillea millefolium 4 Symptoms EditIn susceptible crops any parts below the ground are liable to infection The mycelium of the fungus forms a matted felt like purple covering which grows over the surface of the root Soil particles adhere to this and small dark coloured sclerotia grow among the hyphae A dry rot occurs and secondary rots may move in 5 Mycelial threads often merging into strands grow through the soil and infect nearby plants A pink or brown mat of mycelial threads may grow above the soil surface In affected plants the aerial parts may wilt and have discoloured stunted foliage 5 6 Control EditViolet root rot chiefly occurs in waterlogged acid soils These conditions can be improved by choosing a well drained location to grow root crops and liming the soil Individual affected plants can be removed and destroyed The mycelium and sclerotia remain infective for some time and the ground should not be used again for root crops for at least four years In the interim susceptible weeds should not be allowed to grow 5 References Edit Kew Mycology 2011 Helicobasidium purpureum Tul Pat Species Fungorum Index Fungorum Retrieved 2013 04 10 Helicobasidium purpureum Pat syn Helicobasidium brebissonii Desm Donk Tree of Life Web Project 2006 Retrieved 2013 04 10 Helicobasidium purpureum Pat 1885 Fungal Databases Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory ARS USDA 2010 05 19 Retrieved 2013 04 10 a b Helicobasidium purpureum Tul Pat 1885 Violet Root Rot causative organism BioInfo UK Retrieved 2013 04 10 a b c Brickell Christopher ed 1992 The Royal Horticultural Society Encyclopedia of Gardening Dorling Kindersley p 565 ISBN 9780863189791 Carrot Daucus carota Violet Root Rot Pacific Northwest Plant Disease Management Handbook Archived from the original on 2015 06 10 Retrieved 2013 04 10 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Helicobasidium purpureum amp oldid 1148241277, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
