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Health crisis

April 07, 2024

A health crisis or public health crisis is a difficult situation or complex health system that affects humans in one or more geographic areas (mainly occurred in natural hazards), from a particular locality to encompass the entire planet. Health crises generally have significant impacts on community health, loss of life, and on the economy. They may result from disease, industrial processes or poor policy.[1][2]

Having lost their homes in the 2010 Haiti earthquake, many Haitians now live in precarious camps.

Its severity is often measured by the number of people affected by its geographical extent, or the disease or death of the pathogenic process which it originates.[3][4]

Features edit

Generally there are three key components in health crises:[5]

  • Public health problem[6]
  • Problem health coordination
  • Alarm care: Poor communication of risks to the population resulting in social upheaval.[7]

Types edit

  • Environmental
  • Food
  • Toxic

Examples edit

 
Baby born to a mother who had taken thalidomide while pregnant
 
Metro of Mexico, passengers are protected against influenza A.
 
Symptoms of microcephaly, linked to mothers infected by Zika virus[8]

Prevention and control edit

 
A reward for information totalling $2.5 million is being offered by the FBI, U.S. Postal Service and ADVO, Inc.
  • Using the health warning systems. A health system responsive to the needs of the population is required to refine the instruments to ensure adequate preparation before their hatching.[38][39][40]
  • Transparency of the institutions public or private. The perception of crisis can escape the control of experts or health institutions, and be determined by stakeholders to provide solutions propagate or concerned. This requires a difficult balancing of the need to articulate clear answers and the little-founded fears.[41]
  • Adequate information policy. Irrationality arise when information is distorted, or hidden. Face a health crisis involves: respect for society, coordination of organizations and an institution with scientific weight to the people and to the media, who acted as spokesman in situations of public health risk, to get confidence citizens. The technical capacity of health professionals is more proven than the public officials, which suggests a greater share of the former and better training of the second.[42][43][44]
  • Evaluate the previous crisis or others experiences. Crises are challenges that must be learned from both the mistakes and successes, since they serve to bring about to the devices and improve the response to other crises. It is important to perform analysis of previous responses, audit risk and vulnerability, research and testing, and drills to prepare themselves against future crises.[45][46][47]
  • Having objectives: "first, to reduce the impact of illness and death, and second, to avoid social fracture".[48]
  • Preparing contingency plans. Preparation is key to the crisis because it allows a strong response, organized, and scientifically based. Action plans must meet the professional early enough and properly trained, and politicians must be consistent in their actions and coordinate all available resources. It is essential to invest in public health resources to prepare preventive measures and reducing health inequalities to minimize the impact of health crises, as they generally always the poorest suffer most.[49][50]
  • It is important to include all health professions especially primary health care (family physicians, pharmacists, etc.), as often it is these practitioners that are on the front-line in health crises.[51][52]

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ Brownstein, Joseph (December 7, 2009). . ABC News. Archived from the original on 2013-01-26.
  2. ^ Gérvas, Juan; Meneu, Ricard (December 2010). "Las crisis de salud pública en una sociedad desarrollada. Aciertos y limitaciones en España. Informe SESPAS 2010". Gaceta Sanitaria. 24: 33–36. doi:10.1016/j.gaceta.2010.06.009. ISSN 0213-9111. PMC 7131968. PMID 21094562.
  3. ^ Alderson, Michael Rowland (1988). Mortality, morbidity, and health statistics. New York: Stockton Press. ISBN 0935859314. OCLC 18464719.
  4. ^ Gravitz, Lauren (2011). "Introduction: A smouldering public-health crisis". Nature. 474 (7350): S2–S4. doi:10.1038/474S2a. PMID 21666731.
  5. ^ Noji EK. The public health consequences of disasters. Oxford: OUP; 1997.
  6. ^ Anand, Geeta (30 July 2011). "India's Public Health Crisis: The Government Responds". from the original on 15 April 2017. Retrieved 14 April 2017.
  7. ^ Público. "crisis". from the original on 2011-11-18. Retrieved 2011-08-28.
  8. ^ "Understanding Zika". from the original on 16 February 2016. Retrieved 8 February 2016.
  9. ^ Rouhi, Maureen (June 20, 2005). "Top Pharmaceuticals: Thalidomide". Chemical & Engineering News. 83 (25). doi:10.1021/cen-v083n025.p122. from the original on September 4, 2015. Retrieved June 11, 2012.
  10. ^ "A Long Trial in Spain on Fatal Tainted Food". The New York Times. Madrid. August 2, 1987. from the original on June 29, 2022. Retrieved February 16, 2017.
  11. ^ "Indonesia key. Controlling the Pandemic: Public Health Focus. Koshland Science Museum. Retrieved 2015-07-10" (PDF). (PDF) from the original on 2015-07-11. Retrieved 2015-07-10.
  12. ^ "Behind the Veil of a Public Health Crisis: HIV/AIDS in the Muslim World". from the original on 2015-07-10. Retrieved 2015-07-10.
  13. ^ Fullilove, Dr Robert. "AIDS In Black America: A Public Health Crisis". NPR.org. from the original on 2015-07-11. Retrieved 2018-04-04.
  14. ^ Fields, C. Virginia (24 July 2012). "HIV/AIDS and the Public Health Crisis in Our Communities: The Time for Action Is Now". HuffPost. from the original on 11 July 2015. Retrieved 10 July 2015.
  15. ^ (PDF). Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, United States Department of Agriculture. December 2006. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-03-30. Retrieved 2008-04-08.
  16. ^ Achterberg, E. (1999), "Impact of Los Frailes mine spill on riverine, estuarine and coastal waters in southern Spain", Water Res., 33 (16): 3387–3394, Bibcode:1999WatRe..33.3387A, doi:10.1016/S0043-1354(99)00282-1.
  17. ^ Amerithrax or Anthrax Investigation 2010-09-09 at the Wayback Machine, U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation.
  18. ^ Smith, R. D. (2006). "Responding to global infectious disease outbreaks, Lessons from SARS on the role of risk perception, communication and management". Social Science and Medicine. 63 (12): 3113–3123. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2006.08.004. PMC 7130909. PMID 16978751.
  19. ^ A/H5, The Writing Committee of the World Health Organization (WHO) Consultation on Human Influenza (29 September 2005). "Avian Influenza A (H5N1) Infection in Humans". The New England Journal of Medicine. 353 (13): 1374–1385. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.730.7890. doi:10.1056/NEJMra052211. PMID 16192482.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  20. ^ . Voice of America. 23 November 2006. Archived from the original on 1 October 2011. Retrieved 27 July 2010.
  21. ^ Mozaffarian, Dariush; Katan, Martijn B.; Ascherio, Alberto; Stampfer, Meir J.; Willett, Walter C. (13 April 2006). "Trans Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Disease". The New England Journal of Medicine. 354 (15): 1601–1613. doi:10.1056/NEJMra054035. PMID 16611951.
  22. ^ "Mattel to recall more Chinese-made toys". CNN. 2007-08-14.[permanent dead link]
  23. ^ . 7 February 2009. Archived from the original on 7 February 2009.
  24. ^ Ministerio de Salud de Chile. Listeriosis: con medidas simples la población puede prevenirla. 28/11/2008. Access date 26/05/2013. 2009-04-29 at the Wayback Machine
  25. ^ (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-10-16. Retrieved 2013-04-26.
  26. ^ Ministerio de Salud de Chile. Informe Listeriosis. 25/08/2009. Access date 26/05/2013.[permanent dead link]
  27. ^ Trifonov, Vladimir; Khiabanian, Hossein; Rabadan, Raul (9 July 2009). "Geographic Dependence, Surveillance, and Origins of the 2009 Influenza A (H1N1) Virus". New England Journal of Medicine. 361 (2): 115–119. doi:10.1056/NEJMp0904572. PMID 19474418.
  28. ^ "Health crisis in Haiti enters a deadly new phase". NBC News. 10 February 2010.
  29. ^ "Japan's other health crisis". from the original on 2011-08-30. Retrieved 2011-08-29.
  30. ^ (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 November 2012. Retrieved 2011-06-04.
  31. ^ "European Commission - PRESS RELEASES - Press release - Medical devices: European Commission asks for further scientific study and draws first lessons from the recent fraud on breast implants". from the original on 2012-02-07. Retrieved 2022-06-29.
  32. ^ "Información sobre las prótesis mamarias Poly Implant PIP. Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios. 02/03/2012". from the original on 2012-06-20. Retrieved 2012-06-11.
  33. ^ Team, WHO Ebola Response (16 October 2014). "Ebola Virus Disease in West Africa — The First 9 Months of the Epidemic and Forward Projections". The New England Journal of Medicine. 371 (16): 1481–1495. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1411100. PMC 4235004. PMID 25244186.
  34. ^ Farrar, Jeremy J.; Piot, Peter (16 October 2014). "The Ebola Emergency — Immediate Action, Ongoing Strategy" (PDF). The New England Journal of Medicine. 371 (16): 1545–1546. doi:10.1056/NEJMe1411471. PMID 25244185. S2CID 29201795. (PDF) from the original on 30 July 2019. Retrieved 30 July 2019.
  35. ^ "PAHO WHO - Zika virus infection - Geographic Distribution". from the original on 2016-01-30. Retrieved 2016-02-26.
  36. ^ "Zika virus set to spread across Americas, spurring vaccine hunt". Reuters. 26 January 2017. from the original on 11 July 2017. Retrieved 2 July 2017.
  37. ^ Kozlov, Max (25 July 2022). "Monkeypox declared a global emergency: will it help contain the outbreak?". Nature. doi:10.1038/d41586-022-02054-7. PMID 35879614. S2CID 251067503.
  38. ^ . Archived from the original on 2011-09-12.
  39. ^ Valencia, R; Román, E; García-León, FJ; Guillén, J (2003-11-01). "Sistemas de alerta: una prioridad en vigilancia epidemiológica". Gaceta Sanitaria. 17 (6): 520–522. doi:10.1157/13055395. ISSN 0213-9111.
  40. ^ Fernández K, Ciotti M, Kaiser R. La Unión Europea ante las crisis sanitarias. Rev Adm Sanit. 2006; 4:425–35.
  41. ^ AbouZahr, Carla; Adjei, Sam; Kanchanachitra, Churnrurtai (March 2007). "From data to policy: good practices and cautionary tales". The Lancet. 369 (9566): 1039–1046. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(07)60463-2. ISSN 0140-6736. PMID 17382830. S2CID 18443880.
  42. ^ "Risk Communication- Gateway to Health Communication - CDC". 2018-03-30. from the original on 2018-08-30. Retrieved 2017-09-09.
  43. ^ www.quodem.com, Quodem Consultores S.L. . Archived from the original on 2011-09-03. Retrieved 2011-08-28.
  44. ^ Lamata F. Crisis sanitaria y respuesta política. Rev Adm Sanit. 2006; 4:401–6.
  45. ^ Spiegel, Paul B; Le, Phuoc; Ververs, Mija-Tesse; Salama, Peter (2007-03-01). "Occurrence and overlap of natural disasters, complex emergencies and epidemics during the past decade (1995–2004)". Conflict and Health. 1 (1): 2. doi:10.1186/1752-1505-1-2. ISSN 1752-1505. PMC 1847810. PMID 17411460.
  46. ^ "What does a health crisis look like? See Houston - USATODAY.com". USA Today. from the original on 2012-07-02. Retrieved 2017-08-29.
  47. ^ Gérvas, J.; Hernández-Aguado, I.; et al. (2009). (PDF). Gac Sanit. 23 (1): 67–71. doi:10.1016/j.gaceta.2007.11.001. PMC 7131072. PMID 19231727. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-09-23.
  48. ^ Weinstein, Robert A. (2004-06-03). "Planning for Epidemics — The Lessons of SARS". New England Journal of Medicine. 350 (23): 2332–2334. doi:10.1056/nejmp048082. ISSN 0028-4793. PMID 15175434.
  49. ^ Wells, Paul Krugman and Robin (23 March 2006). "The Health Care Crisis and What to Do About It". The New York Review of Books. from the original on 5 November 2015. Retrieved 29 August 2011.
  50. ^ (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-03-17.
  51. ^ Watson KE. The Roles of Pharmacists in Disaster Health Management in Natural and Anthropogenic Disasters. [Thesis].  QUT ePrints: Queensland University of Technology; 2019 Available from: https://eprints.qut.edu.au/130757/ .
  52. ^ Watson KE, Singleton JA, Tippett V, Nissen LM. Defining pharmacists' roles in disasters: A Delphi study. PLoS One 2019;14(12):e0227132.

Bibliography edit

  • Bashir SA. Home Is Where the Harm Is: Inadequate Housing as a Public Health Crisis. American Journal of Public Health. 2002; 92(5):733-8.
  • Gross J. The Next Public Health Crisis: Longevity. The New York Times. 2010/10/21.
  • Navarro V. Spain is experiencing a Period of intense Social Crisis. Social Europe Journal. 12/11/2012.

External links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Health disasters.
  • CDCynergy 2011-10-15 at the Wayback Machine
  • WHO: Humanitarian Health Action
  • US Health Crisis

April 07, 2024
health, crisis, health, crisis, public, health, crisis, difficult, situation, complex, health, system, that, affects, humans, more, geographic, areas, mainly, occurred, natural, hazards, from, particular, locality, encompass, entire, planet, health, crises, ge. A health crisis or public health crisis is a difficult situation or complex health system that affects humans in one or more geographic areas mainly occurred in natural hazards from a particular locality to encompass the entire planet Health crises generally have significant impacts on community health loss of life and on the economy They may result from disease industrial processes or poor policy 1 2 Having lost their homes in the 2010 Haiti earthquake many Haitians now live in precarious camps Its severity is often measured by the number of people affected by its geographical extent or the disease or death of the pathogenic process which it originates 3 4 Contents 1 Features 1 1 Types 2 Examples 3 Prevention and control 4 See also 5 References 6 Bibliography 7 External linksFeatures editGenerally there are three key components in health crises 5 Public health problem 6 Problem health coordination Alarm care Poor communication of risks to the population resulting in social upheaval 7 Types edit Environmental Food ToxicExamples edit nbsp Baby born to a mother who had taken thalidomide while pregnant nbsp Metro of Mexico passengers are protected against influenza A nbsp Symptoms of microcephaly linked to mothers infected by Zika virus 8 1858 Swill milk scandal 1905 American meat scandal due to the publishing of Upton Sinclair s book The Jungle 1918 1920 Spanish flu 1963 Birth defects by thalidomide 9 1981 Toxic oil syndrome or simply toxic syndrome 10 HIV AIDS 11 12 13 14 1996 Bovine spongiform encephalopathy BSE commonly known as mad cow disease 15 1998 Donana disaster also known as the Aznalcollar Disaster or Guadiamar Disaster 16 2001 Anthrax attacks in the United States also known as Amerithrax 17 2003 Severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS 18 2004 Avian influenza H5N1 sometimes avian flu and commonly bird flu 19 2006 Cote d Ivoire toxic waste dump 20 Trans fat toxicity 21 2007 Lead paint on toys from China 22 2008 The 2008 Chinese milk scandal was a food safety incident in China involving milk and infant formula and other food materials and components adulterated with melamine Canada listeriosis outbreak 23 and Chile 24 25 26 2009 Pandemic H1N1 09 Influenza 27 2010 Haiti earthquake 28 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami 29 E coli O104 H4 outbreak 30 2012 Fraud on breast implants Poly Implant Protheses PIP 31 32 2013 16 Ebola virus epidemic in West Africa 33 34 2015 Zika virus outbreak 35 36 2019 ongoing COVID 19 pandemic 2022 2022 monkeypox outbreak 37 Prevention and control edit nbsp A reward for information totalling 2 5 million is being offered by the FBI U S Postal Service and ADVO Inc Using the health warning systems A health system responsive to the needs of the population is required to refine the instruments to ensure adequate preparation before their hatching 38 39 40 Transparency of the institutions public or private The perception of crisis can escape the control of experts or health institutions and be determined by stakeholders to provide solutions propagate or concerned This requires a difficult balancing of the need to articulate clear answers and the little founded fears 41 Adequate information policy Irrationality arise when information is distorted or hidden Face a health crisis involves respect for society coordination of organizations and an institution with scientific weight to the people and to the media who acted as spokesman in situations of public health risk to get confidence citizens The technical capacity of health professionals is more proven than the public officials which suggests a greater share of the former and better training of the second 42 43 44 Evaluate the previous crisis or others experiences Crises are challenges that must be learned from both the mistakes and successes since they serve to bring about to the devices and improve the response to other crises It is important to perform analysis of previous responses audit risk and vulnerability research and testing and drills to prepare themselves against future crises 45 46 47 Having objectives first to reduce the impact of illness and death and second to avoid social fracture 48 Preparing contingency plans Preparation is key to the crisis because it allows a strong response organized and scientifically based Action plans must meet the professional early enough and properly trained and politicians must be consistent in their actions and coordinate all available resources It is essential to invest in public health resources to prepare preventive measures and reducing health inequalities to minimize the impact of health crises as they generally always the poorest suffer most 49 50 It is important to include all health professions especially primary health care family physicians pharmacists etc as often it is these practitioners that are on the front line in health crises 51 52 See also editGlobal health Health policy Crisis theory Disease mongering Health administration Health care Health policy Health law Medicalization Primary health care Routine health outcomes measurement Thalidomide Universal health careReferences edit Brownstein Joseph December 7 2009 The Top 10 Health Scares Of The Decade ABC News Archived from the original on 2013 01 26 Gervas Juan Meneu Ricard December 2010 Las crisis de salud publica en una sociedad desarrollada Aciertos y limitaciones en Espana Informe SESPAS 2010 Gaceta Sanitaria 24 33 36 doi 10 1016 j gaceta 2010 06 009 ISSN 0213 9111 PMC 7131968 PMID 21094562 Alderson Michael Rowland 1988 Mortality morbidity and health statistics New York Stockton Press ISBN 0935859314 OCLC 18464719 Gravitz Lauren 2011 Introduction A smouldering public health crisis Nature 474 7350 S2 S4 doi 10 1038 474S2a PMID 21666731 Noji EK The public health consequences of disasters Oxford OUP 1997 Anand Geeta 30 July 2011 India s Public Health Crisis The Government Responds Archived from the original on 15 April 2017 Retrieved 14 April 2017 Publico crisis Archived from the original on 2011 11 18 Retrieved 2011 08 28 Understanding Zika Archived from the original on 16 February 2016 Retrieved 8 February 2016 Rouhi Maureen June 20 2005 Top Pharmaceuticals Thalidomide Chemical amp Engineering News 83 25 doi 10 1021 cen v083n025 p122 Archived from the original on September 4 2015 Retrieved June 11 2012 A Long Trial in Spain on Fatal Tainted Food The New York Times Madrid August 2 1987 Archived from the original on June 29 2022 Retrieved February 16 2017 Indonesia key Controlling the Pandemic Public Health Focus Koshland Science Museum Retrieved 2015 07 10 PDF Archived PDF from the original on 2015 07 11 Retrieved 2015 07 10 Behind the Veil of a Public Health Crisis HIV AIDS in the Muslim World Archived from the original on 2015 07 10 Retrieved 2015 07 10 Fullilove Dr Robert AIDS In Black America A Public Health Crisis NPR org Archived from the original on 2015 07 11 Retrieved 2018 04 04 Fields C Virginia 24 July 2012 HIV AIDS and the Public Health Crisis in Our Communities The Time for Action Is Now HuffPost Archived from the original on 11 July 2015 Retrieved 10 July 2015 Bovine Spongiform Encephalopaphy An Overview PDF Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service United States Department of Agriculture December 2006 Archived from the original PDF on 2012 03 30 Retrieved 2008 04 08 Achterberg E 1999 Impact of Los Frailes mine spill on riverine estuarine and coastal waters in southern Spain Water Res 33 16 3387 3394 Bibcode 1999WatRe 33 3387A doi 10 1016 S0043 1354 99 00282 1 Amerithrax or Anthrax Investigation Archived 2010 09 09 at the Wayback Machine U S Federal Bureau of Investigation Smith R D 2006 Responding to global infectious disease outbreaks Lessons from SARS on the role of risk perception communication and management Social Science and Medicine 63 12 3113 3123 doi 10 1016 j socscimed 2006 08 004 PMC 7130909 PMID 16978751 A H5 The Writing Committee of the World Health Organization WHO Consultation on Human Influenza 29 September 2005 Avian Influenza A H5N1 Infection in Humans The New England Journal of Medicine 353 13 1374 1385 CiteSeerX 10 1 1 730 7890 doi 10 1056 NEJMra052211 PMID 16192482 a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a CS1 maint numeric names authors list link Ivory Coast Government Panel Releases Toxic Waste Findings Voice of America 23 November 2006 Archived from the original on 1 October 2011 Retrieved 27 July 2010 Mozaffarian Dariush Katan Martijn B Ascherio Alberto Stampfer Meir J Willett Walter C 13 April 2006 Trans Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Disease The New England Journal of Medicine 354 15 1601 1613 doi 10 1056 NEJMra054035 PMID 16611951 Mattel to recall more Chinese made toys CNN 2007 08 14 permanent dead link Listeria Monocytogenes Public Health Agency of Canada 7 February 2009 Archived from the original on 7 February 2009 Ministerio de Salud de Chile Listeriosis con medidas simples la poblacion puede prevenirla 28 11 2008 Access date 26 05 2013 Archived 2009 04 29 at the Wayback Machine Noriega LM Gonzalez P Thompson L Perez J Marcotti A Vial P Informe sobre aumento de casos de infeccion por Listeria monocytogenes en Santiago de Chile Santiago de Chile Unidad de Infectologia de la Clinica Alemana 16 06 2008 Access date 26 05 2013 PDF Archived from the original PDF on 2018 10 16 Retrieved 2013 04 26 Ministerio de Salud de Chile Informe Listeriosis 25 08 2009 Access date 26 05 2013 permanent dead link Trifonov Vladimir Khiabanian Hossein Rabadan Raul 9 July 2009 Geographic Dependence Surveillance and Origins of the 2009 Influenza A H1N1 Virus New England Journal of Medicine 361 2 115 119 doi 10 1056 NEJMp0904572 PMID 19474418 Health crisis in Haiti enters a deadly new phase NBC News 10 February 2010 Japan s other health crisis Archived from the original on 2011 08 30 Retrieved 2011 08 29 European Commission Health and Consumers Directorate General 2 June 2011 PDF Archived from the original PDF on 3 November 2012 Retrieved 2011 06 04 European Commission PRESS RELEASES Press release Medical devices European Commission asks for further scientific study and draws first lessons from the recent fraud on breast implants Archived from the original on 2012 02 07 Retrieved 2022 06 29 Informacion sobre las protesis mamarias Poly Implant PIP Agencia Espanola de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios 02 03 2012 Archived from the original on 2012 06 20 Retrieved 2012 06 11 Team WHO Ebola Response 16 October 2014 Ebola Virus Disease in West Africa The First 9 Months of the Epidemic and Forward Projections The New England Journal of Medicine 371 16 1481 1495 doi 10 1056 NEJMoa1411100 PMC 4235004 PMID 25244186 Farrar Jeremy J Piot Peter 16 October 2014 The Ebola Emergency Immediate Action Ongoing Strategy PDF The New England Journal of Medicine 371 16 1545 1546 doi 10 1056 NEJMe1411471 PMID 25244185 S2CID 29201795 Archived PDF from the original on 30 July 2019 Retrieved 30 July 2019 PAHO WHO Zika virus infection Geographic Distribution Archived from the original on 2016 01 30 Retrieved 2016 02 26 Zika virus set to spread across Americas spurring vaccine hunt Reuters 26 January 2017 Archived from the original on 11 July 2017 Retrieved 2 July 2017 Kozlov Max 25 July 2022 Monkeypox declared a global emergency will it help contain the outbreak Nature doi 10 1038 d41586 022 02054 7 PMID 35879614 S2CID 251067503 Health Alert Network HAN Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC Atlanta 2011 08 29 Archived from the original on 2011 09 12 Valencia R Roman E Garcia Leon FJ Guillen J 2003 11 01 Sistemas de alerta una prioridad en vigilancia epidemiologica Gaceta Sanitaria 17 6 520 522 doi 10 1157 13055395 ISSN 0213 9111 Fernandez K Ciotti M Kaiser R La Union Europea ante las crisis sanitarias Rev Adm Sanit 2006 4 425 35 AbouZahr Carla Adjei Sam Kanchanachitra Churnrurtai March 2007 From data to policy good practices and cautionary tales The Lancet 369 9566 1039 1046 doi 10 1016 s0140 6736 07 60463 2 ISSN 0140 6736 PMID 17382830 S2CID 18443880 Risk Communication Gateway to Health Communication CDC 2018 03 30 Archived from the original on 2018 08 30 Retrieved 2017 09 09 www quodem com Quodem Consultores S L El Sistema Sanitario ante situaciones de crisis Archived from the original on 2011 09 03 Retrieved 2011 08 28 Lamata F Crisis sanitaria y respuesta politica Rev Adm Sanit 2006 4 401 6 Spiegel Paul B Le Phuoc Ververs Mija Tesse Salama Peter 2007 03 01 Occurrence and overlap of natural disasters complex emergencies and epidemics during the past decade 1995 2004 Conflict and Health 1 1 2 doi 10 1186 1752 1505 1 2 ISSN 1752 1505 PMC 1847810 PMID 17411460 What does a health crisis look like See Houston USATODAY com USA Today Archived from the original on 2012 07 02 Retrieved 2017 08 29 Gervas J Hernandez Aguado I et al 2009 Successes and failures in the management of public health crisis in Spain PDF Gac Sanit 23 1 67 71 doi 10 1016 j gaceta 2007 11 001 PMC 7131072 PMID 19231727 Archived from the original PDF on 2011 09 23 Weinstein Robert A 2004 06 03 Planning for Epidemics The Lessons of SARS New England Journal of Medicine 350 23 2332 2334 doi 10 1056 nejmp048082 ISSN 0028 4793 PMID 15175434 Wells Paul Krugman and Robin 23 March 2006 The Health Care Crisis and What to Do About It The New York Review of Books Archived from the original on 5 November 2015 Retrieved 29 August 2011 Gervas J Hernandez I El eterno retorno de las crisis sanitarias El Pais 22 05 2007 PDF Archived from the original PDF on 2012 03 17 Watson KE The Roles of Pharmacists in Disaster Health Management in Natural and Anthropogenic Disasters Thesis QUT ePrints Queensland University of Technology 2019 Available from https eprints qut edu au 130757 Watson KE Singleton JA Tippett V Nissen LM Defining pharmacists roles in disasters A Delphi study PLoS One 2019 14 12 e0227132 Bibliography editBashir SA Home Is Where the Harm Is Inadequate Housing as a Public Health Crisis American Journal of Public Health 2002 92 5 733 8 Gross J The Next Public Health Crisis Longevity The New York Times 2010 10 21 Navarro V Spain is experiencing a Period of intense Social Crisis Social Europe Journal 12 11 2012 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Health disasters CDCynergy Archived 2011 10 15 at the Wayback Machine WHO Humanitarian Health Action US Health Crisis Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Health crisis amp oldid 1203794666, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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