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Health care in Argentina

January 19, 2024

Argentina's health care system is composed of a universal health care system and a private system. The government maintains a system of public medical facilities that are universally accessible to everyone in the country, but formal sector workers are also obligated to participate in one of about 300 labor union-run health insurance schemes, which offer differing levels of coverage. Private medical facilities and health insurance also exist in the country. The Ministry of Health (MSAL), oversees all three subsectors of the health care system and is responsible for setting of regulation, evaluation and collecting statistics.

Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires originally served the Italian Argentine community.
Life expectancy development in Argentina

History edit

For the first half of the twentieth century Argentina and Uruguay had the most advanced standards of medical care in Latin America.[1] Argentina's current healthcare system was created during a time of strong economic growth in the nation. This economic reform was completed during the urbanization, industrialization, and labor movement eras of the 1940s to 1950s. Since that time, Argentina's healthcare system has been extensively decentralized and privatized to provide support at the provincial level.[2]

Spending edit

In 2016, Argentina spent 7.5% of its GDP on health care expenditures.[3][needs update] In 2020, Argentina is estimated to have spent about 10% of its GDP on health care. [4]

Health care edit

In January 2013, the Federal Registry of Health Establishments (Registro Federal de Establecimientos de Salud - REFES) indicated there were 5,012 health establishments operating in Argentina, including hospitals, clinics, and hospices, amongst others. The majority of the establishments (70% or 3,494 establishments) pertain to the private sector.[5]

Social Security edit

The Social Security Sector is funded and managed by Obras Sociales (Insurance Plans), umbrella organizations for Argentine worker's unions. There are over 300 Obras Sociales in Argentina, each chapter being organized according to the occupation of the beneficiary. These organizations vary greatly in quality and effectiveness. The top 30 chapters hold 73% of the beneficiaries and 75% of resources Health Care in Latin America.[6] MSAS has established a Solidarity Redistribution Fund (FSR) to try to address these beneficiary inequities. Only workers employed in the formal sector are covered under Obras Sociales insurance schemes and after Argentina’s economic crisis of 2001, the number of people covered by these fell slightly (as unemployment increased and employment in the informal sector rose). In 1999, there were 8.9 million beneficiaries covered by Obras Sociales.[7][needs update]

There is a body within the social security sector in Argentina called "The Superintendence of Health Services" La Superintendencia de Servicios de Salud, which is in charge of setting the minimum coverage package that is included in the health insurance of every single health-care institution. This allows for a more transparent set of criteria for decision-making process within a sector of the Argentinean health-care system.[8]

Prior to 2000, workers did not have the freedom of choosing which Obra Social they contributed to and were covered by. This situation gave rise to some problems; e. g. a teacher living in a city where the gastronomy workers' Obra Social provided better care than the teachers union's Obra Social could not freely switch plans even when it would have been in their best interest. This was mended in the year 2000 when National Decree 446/2000 was signed into law which established changes to the regulation of Obras Sociales,[9] allowing for workers to choose freely between Obras Sociales administered by different workers unions (although they are still obligated to adhere to one of the Obras and make regular payments).

Private sector edit

The private health care sector in Argentina is characterized by great heterogeneity and is made up of a great number of fragmented entities and small networks; it consists of over 200 organizations and covers approximately 2 million Argentines.[10] Private insurance often overlaps with other forms of health care coverage, making it difficult to estimate the degree to which beneficiaries are dependent on the public and private sectors. According to a 2000 report by the IRBC, foreign competition has increased in Argentina’s private sector, with Swiss, American and other Latin American health care providers entering the market in recent years. This has been accompanied by little formal regulation.[10]

Public system edit

A system of public medical facilities is maintained by the government. The public system is highly decentralized, as it is administered at the provincial level; often primary care will be regulated autonomously by each city. Since 2001, the number of Argentines relying on public services has seen an increase. According to 2000 figures, 37.4% of Argentines had no health insurance, 48.8% were covered by Obras Sociales, 8.6% had private insurance plans, and 3.8% were covered by both Obras Sociales and private insurance schemes. Currently, about half of the population uses the public system.[11][7]

Health Policies edit

Patients need to apply for free care at public institutions and undergo a lengthy test in which they may be rejected at some hospitals. The rejection rate is usually 30-40%.[12] Public hospitals in Argentina who have not converted to managed care principles are facing an influx of patients covered by privatized social security funds. Public hospitals in the city of Buenos Aires reported about 1.25 million outpatient visits by patients covered by the privately administered social security fund for retired person.[12] The Provincial and Municipal Health Secretariats and Social works through the Superintendence of Health Services are in charge of allocation of resources and setting priorities.[8] The Ministry of Health through its Sub-secretariat of Promotion and Prevention are in charge of Public Health Interventions.[8] Local Health Secretariats in the provinces and municipalities through the department of purchases in the public sub-sector and individual social works are in charge of the reimbursement of new drugs.[8]

Elderly people face barriers due to copayments, private practitioners' refusal to see them and also because of nonpayment by the social security fund.

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ "Uruguay - HEALTH AND WELFARE". countrystudies.us. Retrieved 2023-06-10.
  2. ^ Escudero, José Carlos (2003). "The Health Crisis in Argentina". International Journal of Health Services. 33 (1): 129–136. ISSN 0020-7314.
  3. ^ Argentina cavagnero World Health Organization[dead link]
  4. ^ "Topic: Health in Argentina".
  5. ^ Global Health Intelligence, "Global Health Intelligence" 2017-01-27 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 16 January 2015.
  6. ^ http://www.idrc.ca/en/ev-35159-201-1-DO_ThtshshOPIC.html.[dead link]
  7. ^ a b Armando Barrientos "Reforming Health Insurance in Argentina and Chile" Health Policy and Planning 15(4): 420
  8. ^ a b c d Iglesias, Cynthia; et al. (2005). "Health-care decision-making Processes in Latin America: Problems and prospects for the use of economic evaluation". International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care. 21 (1): 1–14. doi:10.1017/s0266462305050014. PMID 15736509. S2CID 33233286.
  9. ^ . infoleg.mecon.gov.ar. Archived from the original on 2015-11-18. Retrieved 2015-11-17.
  10. ^ a b IDRC Reshaping Health Care in Latin Americahttp://www.idrc.ca/EN/Resources/Publications/Pages/IDRCBookDetails.aspx?PublicationID=265 2012-06-07 at the Wayback Machine.
  11. ^ "Public and Private Healthcare Systems in Argentina - Argentina". Angloinfo. Retrieved 17 March 2023.
  12. ^ a b Iriart, Merhy and Waitzkin, Celia, Emerson and Howard (2001). "Managed care in Latin America: the new common sense in healthy policy reform". Social Science & Medicine. 52 (8): 1243–1253. doi:10.1016/s0277-9536(00)00243-4. PMID 11281407.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

External links edit

  • World Health Organization: Argentina
  • Argentinan Health Ministry
  • Administración Nacional de Medicamentos, Alimentos y Tecnología Médica (ANMAT)

January 19, 2024
health, care, argentina, help, expand, this, article, with, text, translated, from, corresponding, article, spanish, june, 2015, click, show, important, translation, instructions, view, machine, translated, version, spanish, article, machine, translation, like. You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Spanish June 2015 Click show for important translation instructions View a machine translated version of the Spanish article Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate rather than simply copy pasting machine translated text into the English Wikipedia Consider adding a topic to this template there are already 5 182 articles in the main category and specifying topic will aid in categorization Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low quality If possible verify the text with references provided in the foreign language article You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Spanish Wikipedia article at es Salud en Argentina see its history for attribution You should also add the template Translated es Salud en Argentina to the talk page For more guidance see Wikipedia Translation Argentina s health care system is composed of a universal health care system and a private system The government maintains a system of public medical facilities that are universally accessible to everyone in the country but formal sector workers are also obligated to participate in one of about 300 labor union run health insurance schemes which offer differing levels of coverage Private medical facilities and health insurance also exist in the country The Ministry of Health MSAL oversees all three subsectors of the health care system and is responsible for setting of regulation evaluation and collecting statistics Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires originally served the Italian Argentine community Life expectancy development in Argentina Contents 1 History 2 Spending 3 Health care 3 1 Social Security 3 2 Private sector 3 3 Public system 4 Health Policies 5 See also 6 References 7 External linksHistory editFor the first half of the twentieth century Argentina and Uruguay had the most advanced standards of medical care in Latin America 1 Argentina s current healthcare system was created during a time of strong economic growth in the nation This economic reform was completed during the urbanization industrialization and labor movement eras of the 1940s to 1950s Since that time Argentina s healthcare system has been extensively decentralized and privatized to provide support at the provincial level 2 Spending editIn 2016 Argentina spent 7 5 of its GDP on health care expenditures 3 needs update In 2020 Argentina is estimated to have spent about 10 of its GDP on health care 4 Health care editIn January 2013 the Federal Registry of Health Establishments Registro Federal de Establecimientos de Salud REFES indicated there were 5 012 health establishments operating in Argentina including hospitals clinics and hospices amongst others The majority of the establishments 70 or 3 494 establishments pertain to the private sector 5 Social Security edit The Social Security Sector is funded and managed by Obras Sociales Insurance Plans umbrella organizations for Argentine worker s unions There are over 300 Obras Sociales in Argentina each chapter being organized according to the occupation of the beneficiary These organizations vary greatly in quality and effectiveness The top 30 chapters hold 73 of the beneficiaries and 75 of resources Health Care in Latin America 6 MSAS has established a Solidarity Redistribution Fund FSR to try to address these beneficiary inequities Only workers employed in the formal sector are covered under Obras Sociales insurance schemes and after Argentina s economic crisis of 2001 the number of people covered by these fell slightly as unemployment increased and employment in the informal sector rose In 1999 there were 8 9 million beneficiaries covered by Obras Sociales 7 needs update There is a body within the social security sector in Argentina called The Superintendence of Health Services La Superintendencia de Servicios de Salud which is in charge of setting the minimum coverage package that is included in the health insurance of every single health care institution This allows for a more transparent set of criteria for decision making process within a sector of the Argentinean health care system 8 Prior to 2000 workers did not have the freedom of choosing which Obra Social they contributed to and were covered by This situation gave rise to some problems e g a teacher living in a city where the gastronomy workers Obra Social provided better care than the teachers union s Obra Social could not freely switch plans even when it would have been in their best interest This was mended in the year 2000 when National Decree 446 2000 was signed into law which established changes to the regulation of Obras Sociales 9 allowing for workers to choose freely between Obras Sociales administered by different workers unions although they are still obligated to adhere to one of the Obras and make regular payments Private sector edit The private health care sector in Argentina is characterized by great heterogeneity and is made up of a great number of fragmented entities and small networks it consists of over 200 organizations and covers approximately 2 million Argentines 10 Private insurance often overlaps with other forms of health care coverage making it difficult to estimate the degree to which beneficiaries are dependent on the public and private sectors According to a 2000 report by the IRBC foreign competition has increased in Argentina s private sector with Swiss American and other Latin American health care providers entering the market in recent years This has been accompanied by little formal regulation 10 Public system edit A system of public medical facilities is maintained by the government The public system is highly decentralized as it is administered at the provincial level often primary care will be regulated autonomously by each city Since 2001 the number of Argentines relying on public services has seen an increase According to 2000 figures 37 4 of Argentines had no health insurance 48 8 were covered by Obras Sociales 8 6 had private insurance plans and 3 8 were covered by both Obras Sociales and private insurance schemes Currently about half of the population uses the public system 11 7 Health Policies editPatients need to apply for free care at public institutions and undergo a lengthy test in which they may be rejected at some hospitals The rejection rate is usually 30 40 12 Public hospitals in Argentina who have not converted to managed care principles are facing an influx of patients covered by privatized social security funds Public hospitals in the city of Buenos Aires reported about 1 25 million outpatient visits by patients covered by the privately administered social security fund for retired person 12 The Provincial and Municipal Health Secretariats and Social works through the Superintendence of Health Services are in charge of allocation of resources and setting priorities 8 The Ministry of Health through its Sub secretariat of Promotion and Prevention are in charge of Public Health Interventions 8 Local Health Secretariats in the provinces and municipalities through the department of purchases in the public sub sector and individual social works are in charge of the reimbursement of new drugs 8 Elderly people face barriers due to copayments private practitioners refusal to see them and also because of nonpayment by the social security fund See also editList of hospitals in Argentina Argentine hemorrhagic fever Water supply and sanitation in Argentina Smoking in Argentina Universal healthcare Argentina Health Care OrganizationReferences edit Uruguay HEALTH AND WELFARE countrystudies us Retrieved 2023 06 10 Escudero Jose Carlos 2003 The Health Crisis in Argentina International Journal of Health Services 33 1 129 136 ISSN 0020 7314 Argentina cavagnero World Health Organization dead link Topic Health in Argentina Global Health Intelligence Global Health Intelligence Archived 2017 01 27 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 16 January 2015 http www idrc ca en ev 35159 201 1 DO ThtshshOPIC html dead link a b Armando Barrientos Reforming Health Insurance in Argentina and Chile Health Policy and Planning 15 4 420 a b c d Iglesias Cynthia et al 2005 Health care decision making Processes in Latin America Problems and prospects for the use of economic evaluation International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 21 1 1 14 doi 10 1017 s0266462305050014 PMID 15736509 S2CID 33233286 texactdto446 2000 infoleg mecon gov ar Archived from the original on 2015 11 18 Retrieved 2015 11 17 a b IDRC Reshaping Health Care in Latin Americahttp www idrc ca EN Resources Publications Pages IDRCBookDetails aspx PublicationID 265 Archived 2012 06 07 at the Wayback Machine Public and Private Healthcare Systems in Argentina Argentina Angloinfo Retrieved 17 March 2023 a b Iriart Merhy and Waitzkin Celia Emerson and Howard 2001 Managed care in Latin America the new common sense in healthy policy reform Social Science amp Medicine 52 8 1243 1253 doi 10 1016 s0277 9536 00 00243 4 PMID 11281407 a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link External links editWorld Health Organization Argentina Argentinan Health Ministry Administracion Nacional de Medicamentos Alimentos y Tecnologia Medica ANMAT Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Health care in Argentina amp oldid 1159487181, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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