The Hawaiian freshwater goby, or ‘O‘opu (Lentipes concolor) (‘o‘opu ‘alamo‘o or ‘o‘opu hi‘u koleis),[2] is a species of gobyendemic to Hawaii, where it occurs in mountain streams. Males of this species can reach a standard length of 7 cm (2.8 in), while females only reach 6 cm (2.4 in).
This species is important to the native people as a food fish.[3] In Ancient Hawaiʻi, this species, and others such as mullet and Kuhlia sandvicensis, were cultivated in a form of freshwater aquaponics or aquatic polyculture. In this system of farming, the taro in the upland paddies (taro being the primary staple in Ancient Hawaiʻi) was aided by the fish such as the Hawaiʻian freshwater goby, through these fish pruning the leaves and eating the pests, thus leading to a symbiotic system of food production.[4][5][6]
The Hawaiin goby is diadromous. The adults live in fresh water where they also spawn. The eggs and embryos float down the stream into the sea where they eventually reach the juvenile stage. The juveniles then return to the fresh water streams to become adults.[7]L. concolor is notable for its unusual method of returning to the spawning beds (something they however share with a few other gobies, including another Hawaiian species, Sicyopterus stimpsoni); they use suction disks on their ventral sides to climb the wet rocks behind waterfalls, even scaling the 442 ft-high (135 m) Akaka Falls.[8]
ReferencesEdit
^Gimenez Dixon, M. (1996). "Lentipes concolor". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T11501A3287697. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T11501A3287697.en. Retrieved 15 November 2021.
^Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2013). "Lentipes concolor" in FishBase. June 2013 version.
^Rosauer, Ruth. "Ancient Hawaiian Aquaculture". Foundation for Agrarian Development Research, Moscow State University. Retrieved 3 February 2015.
^Spalding, Mark (11 July 2013). "Sustainable Ancient Aquaculture". National Geographic. National Geographic Society. Retrieved 3 February 2015.
^"FOOD IN OLD HAWAIʻI" (PDF). Ka Hana ‘Imi Na‘auao, University of Hawaiʻi at Manoa. Retrieved 3 February 2015.
^Carl M. Way, Albert J. Burky, Juliana M. Harding, Skippy Hau, William K.L.C. Puleloa (1998). Reproductive biology of the endemic goby, Lentipes concolor, from Makamaka'ole Stream, Maui and Waikolu Stream, Moloka'i Environmental Biology of Fishes 01-1998, Volume 51, Issue 1, pp 53-65
^Mack, E. (25 February 2014). Where badass fish climb rock cliffs... with their mouths. CNET.
This order Gobiiformes (goby) related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
hawaiian, freshwater, goby, lentipes, concolor, alamo, koleis, species, goby, endemic, hawaii, where, occurs, mountain, streams, males, this, species, reach, standard, length, while, females, only, reach, conservation, statusdata, deficient, iucn, scientific, . The Hawaiian freshwater goby or O opu Lentipes concolor o opu alamo oor o opu hi u koleis 2 is a species of goby endemic to Hawaii where it occurs in mountain streams Males of this species can reach a standard length of 7 cm 2 8 in while females only reach 6 cm 2 4 in Hawaiian freshwater gobyConservation statusData Deficient IUCN 2 3 1 Scientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ChordataClass ActinopterygiiOrder GobiiformesFamily OxudercidaeGenus LentipesSpecies L concolorBinomial nameLentipes concolor T N Gill 1860 SynonymsSicyogaster concolor T N Gill 1860 Lentipes seminudus Gunther 1880This species is important to the native people as a food fish 3 In Ancient Hawaiʻi this species and others such as mullet and Kuhlia sandvicensis were cultivated in a form of freshwater aquaponics or aquatic polyculture In this system of farming the taro in the upland paddies taro being the primary staple in Ancient Hawaiʻi was aided by the fish such as the Hawaiʻian freshwater goby through these fish pruning the leaves and eating the pests thus leading to a symbiotic system of food production 4 5 6 The Hawaiin goby is diadromous The adults live in fresh water where they also spawn The eggs and embryos float down the stream into the sea where they eventually reach the juvenile stage The juveniles then return to the fresh water streams to become adults 7 L concolor is notable for its unusual method of returning to the spawning beds something they however share with a few other gobies including another Hawaiian species Sicyopterus stimpsoni they use suction disks on their ventral sides to climb the wet rocks behind waterfalls even scaling the 442 ft high 135 m Akaka Falls 8 References Edit Gimenez Dixon M 1996 Lentipes concolor IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 1996 e T11501A3287697 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 1996 RLTS T11501A3287697 en Retrieved 15 November 2021 http www bishopmuseum org research natsci waipiostudy students meet the critters fish native Lentipes concolor htm Archived 2015 01 12 at the Wayback Machine Bishop Museum L concolor Froese Rainer Pauly Daniel eds 2013 Lentipes concolor in FishBase June 2013 version Rosauer Ruth Ancient Hawaiian Aquaculture Foundation for Agrarian Development Research Moscow State University Retrieved 3 February 2015 Spalding Mark 11 July 2013 Sustainable Ancient Aquaculture National Geographic National Geographic Society Retrieved 3 February 2015 FOOD IN OLD HAWAIʻI PDF Ka Hana Imi Na auao University of Hawaiʻi at Manoa Retrieved 3 February 2015 Carl M Way Albert J Burky Juliana M Harding Skippy Hau William K L C Puleloa 1998 Reproductive biology of the endemic goby Lentipes concolor from Makamaka ole Stream Maui and Waikolu Stream Moloka i Environmental Biology of Fishes01 1998 Volume 51 Issue 1 pp 53 65 Mack E 25 February 2014 Where badass fish climb rock cliffs with their mouths CNET This order Gobiiformes goby related article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Hawaiian freshwater goby amp oldid 1130215471, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
