The Hawaiʻi ʻōʻō (Moho nobilis) is a member of the extinct genus of the ʻōʻōs (Moho) within the extinct family Mohoidae. It was previously regarded as member of the Australo-Pacific honeyeaters (Meliphagidae).[2]
The Hawaiʻi ʻōʻō was first described by Blasius Merrem in 1786. It had an overall length of 32 centimetres (13 in), wing length of 11–11.5 centimetres (4.3–4.5 in), and tail length of up to 19 centimetres (7.5 in). The colour of its plumage was glossy black with a brown shading at the belly. It was further characterized by yellowish tufts at the axillaries. It had some yellowish plumes on its rump, but lacked yellow thigh feathers like the Bishop's ʻōʻō, and also lacked the whitish edgings on its tail feathers like the Oʻahu ʻōʻō. It had the largest yellow plumes on its wings out of all the species of ʻōʻō. The name of the cinder cone Puʻu ʻŌʻō is often translated as "Hill of the ʻŌʻō-Bird", referring to this species.
Extinctionedit
At the time of the arrival by Europeans, it was still relatively common on the Big Island, but its decline followed rapidly afterwards. Its striking plumage was already used for ʻaʻahu aliʻi (robes), ʻahu ʻula (capes), and kāhili (feathered staffs) of aliʻi (Hawaiian nobility) by Native Hawaiians. Some were even caught and put in cages to be sold as songbirds, only to live for a few days or weeks before diseases from mosquitoes befell them. The decline of this bird was hastened by both natives and Europeans by the introduction of the musket, which allowed hunters and collectors to shoot birds down from a distance, from great heights, and in great numbers. As late as 1898, hunters were still able to kill over a thousand individuals in one hunt, but after that year, the Hawaiʻi ʻōʻō population declined rapidly.[3] The birds became too rare to be shot in any great quantities, but continued to be found for nearly 30 years.
Despite records of mass hunting, collection seemed to only play a minor role in the species' extinction, and mosquito-borne diseases and deforestation probably were the major reasons for its extinction (very similar to the other members of its genus). The last known sighting was in 1934 on the slopes of Mauna Loa.
^BirdLife International (2016). "Moho nobilis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22704342A93964244. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22704342A93964244.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
^Fleischer, Robert C.; Helen F. James; Storrs L. Olson (2008-12-11). "Convergent Evolution of Hawaiian and Australo-Pacific Honeyeaters from Distant Songbird Ancestors". Current Biology. 18 (24): 1927–1931. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2008.10.051. PMID 19084408. S2CID 17660932.
^Henshaw, HW (1902) Birds of the Hawaiian Islands, p. 71.
External linksedit
3D view 2008-10-25 at the Wayback Machine of specimens RMNH 110.044 and RMNH 110.045 (formerly RMNH 2142) at Naturalis, Leiden (requires QuickTime browser plugin).
April 11, 2024
hawaiʻi, ʻōʻō, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, this, article, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jsto. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources in this article Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Hawaiʻi ʻōʻō news newspapers books scholar JSTOR January 2009 Learn how and when to remove this template message The Hawaiʻi ʻōʻō Moho nobilis is a member of the extinct genus of the ʻōʻōs Moho within the extinct family Mohoidae It was previously regarded as member of the Australo Pacific honeyeaters Meliphagidae 2 Hawaiʻi ʻōʻōStuffed specimen Grande Galerie de l EvolutionConservation statusExtinct 1934 IUCN 3 1 1 Scientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ChordataClass AvesOrder PasseriformesFamily MohoidaeGenus MohoSpecies M nobilisBinomial name Moho nobilis Merrem 1786 Contents 1 Description 2 Extinction 3 See also 4 References 5 External linksDescription edit nbsp Illustration by John Gerrard Keulemans 1893 nbsp Illustration by William EllisThe Hawaiʻi ʻōʻō was first described by Blasius Merrem in 1786 It had an overall length of 32 centimetres 13 in wing length of 11 11 5 centimetres 4 3 4 5 in and tail length of up to 19 centimetres 7 5 in The colour of its plumage was glossy black with a brown shading at the belly It was further characterized by yellowish tufts at the axillaries It had some yellowish plumes on its rump but lacked yellow thigh feathers like the Bishop s ʻōʻō and also lacked the whitish edgings on its tail feathers like the Oʻahu ʻōʻō It had the largest yellow plumes on its wings out of all the species of ʻōʻō The name of the cinder cone Puʻu ʻŌʻō is often translated as Hill of the ʻŌʻō Bird referring to this species Extinction editAt the time of the arrival by Europeans it was still relatively common on the Big Island but its decline followed rapidly afterwards Its striking plumage was already used for ʻaʻahu aliʻi robes ʻahu ʻula capes and kahili feathered staffs of aliʻi Hawaiian nobility by Native Hawaiians Some were even caught and put in cages to be sold as songbirds only to live for a few days or weeks before diseases from mosquitoes befell them The decline of this bird was hastened by both natives and Europeans by the introduction of the musket which allowed hunters and collectors to shoot birds down from a distance from great heights and in great numbers As late as 1898 hunters were still able to kill over a thousand individuals in one hunt but after that year the Hawaiʻi ʻōʻō population declined rapidly 3 The birds became too rare to be shot in any great quantities but continued to be found for nearly 30 years Despite records of mass hunting collection seemed to only play a minor role in the species extinction and mosquito borne diseases and deforestation probably were the major reasons for its extinction very similar to the other members of its genus The last known sighting was in 1934 on the slopes of Mauna Loa See also editKauai ʻoʻo Oahu ʻoʻo Bishop s ʻoʻoReferences edit BirdLife International 2016 Moho nobilis IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016 e T22704342A93964244 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2016 3 RLTS T22704342A93964244 en Retrieved 12 November 2021 Fleischer Robert C Helen F James Storrs L Olson 2008 12 11 Convergent Evolution of Hawaiian and Australo Pacific Honeyeaters from Distant Songbird Ancestors Current Biology 18 24 1927 1931 doi 10 1016 j cub 2008 10 051 PMID 19084408 S2CID 17660932 Henshaw HW 1902 Birds of the Hawaiian Islands p 71 External links edit3D view Archived 2008 10 25 at the Wayback Machine of specimens RMNH 110 044 and RMNH 110 045 formerly RMNH 2142 at Naturalis Leiden requires QuickTime browser plugin Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Hawaiʻi ʻōʻō amp oldid 1211850828, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
