Halobacteriaceae is a family in the order Halobacteriales and the domain Archaea.[1]Halobacteriaceae represent a large part of halophilic Archaea, along with members in two other methanogenic families, Methanosarcinaceae and Methanocalculaceae.[2] The family consists of many diverse genera that can survive extreme environmental niches.[3] Most commonly, Halobacteriaceae are found in hypersaline lakes and can even tolerate sites polluted by heavy metals.[4] They include neutrophiles, acidophiles (ex. Halarchaeum acidiphilum), alkaliphiles (ex. Natronobacterium), and there have even been psychrotolerant species discovered (ex. Hrr. lacusprofundi).[3] Some members have been known to live aerobically, as well as anaerobically, and they come in many different morphologies.[3] These diverse morphologies include rods in genus Halobacterium, cocci in Halococcus, flattened discs or cups in Haloferax, and other shapes ranging from flattened triangles in Haloarcula to squares in Haloquadratum, and Natronorubrum.[5][6] Most species of Halobacteriaceae are best known for their high salt tolerance and red-pink pigmented members (due to bacterioruberin carotenoids[5]), but there are also non-pigmented species and those that require moderate salt conditions.[3][7] Some species of Halobacteriaceae have been shown to exhibit phosphorus solubilizing activities that contribute to phosphorus cycling in hypersaline environments.[8] Techniques such as 16S rRNA analysis and DNA-DNA hybridization have been major contributors to taxonomic classification in Halobacteriaceae, partly due to the difficulty in culturing halophilic Archaea.[7][3][2]
Halobacteriaceae are found in water saturated or nearly saturated with salt. They are also called halophiles, though this name is also used for other organisms which live in somewhat less concentrated salt water. They are common in most environments where large amounts of salt, moisture, and organic material are available. Large blooms appear reddish, from the pigment bacteriorhodopsin. This pigment is used to absorb light, which provides energy to create ATP. Halobacteria also possess a second pigment, halorhodopsin, which pumps in chloride ions in response to photons, creating a voltage gradient and assisting in the production of energy from light. The process is unrelated to other forms of photosynthesis involving electron transport and halobacteria are incapable of fixing carbon from carbon dioxide.
Halobacteria can exist in salty environments because although they are aerobes, they have a separate and different way of creating energy through use of light energy. Parts of the membranes of halobacteria are purplish in color and contain retinal pigment. This allows them to create a proton gradient across the membrane of the cell which can be used to create ATP for their own use.
They have certain adaptations to live within their salty environments. For example, their cellular machinery is adapted to high salt concentrations by having charged amino acids on their surfaces, allowing the cell to keep its water molecules around these components. The osmotic pressure and these amino acids help to control the amount of salt within the cell. However, because of these adaptations, if the cell is placed in a wet, less salty environment, it is likely to immediately burst from the osmotic pressure.
^ abOren, Aharon (September 2014). "Taxonomy of halophilic Archaea: current status and future challenges". Extremophiles. 18 (5): 825–834. doi:10.1007/s00792-014-0654-9. PMID 25102811. S2CID 5395569.
^ abcdeOren, Aharon (February 1, 2012). "Taxonomy of the family Halobacteriaceae: a paradigm for changing concepts in prokaryote systematics". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 62 (2): 263–271. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.038653-0. PMID 22155757.
^Naik, Sanika; Furtado, Irene (2017). Marine Pollution and Microbial Remediation. Singapore: Springer Nature. pp. 143–152. ISBN978-981-10-1044-6.
^ abOren, Aharon; Arahal, David; Ventosa, Antonio (2009). "Emended descriptions of genera of the family Halobacteriaceae". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 59 (3): 637–642. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.008904-0. PMID 19244452.
^Tully, Benjamin; Emerson, Joanne; Andrade, Karen; Brocks, Jochen; Allen, Eric; Banfield, Jillian; Heidelberg, Karla (September 16, 2014). "De novo sequences of Haloquadratum walsbyi from Lake Tyrrell, Australia, reveal a variable genomic landscape". Archaea. 2015: 875784. doi:10.1155/2015/875784. PMC4330952. PMID 25709557.
^ abVentosa, A.; Marquez, M.; Sanchez-Porro, C.; Haba, R. (2012). Advances in understanding the biology of halophilic microorganisms ([Updated ed.]. ed.). Dordrecht: Springer, Dordrecht. doi:10.1007/978-94-007-5539-0_3. ISBN978-94-007-5538-3.
Wright, A-DG (2006). "Phylogenetic relationships within the order Halobacteriales inferred from 16S rRNA gene sequences". Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 56 (Pt 6): 1223–1227. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.63776-0. PMID 16738095.
Judicial, Commission of the International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes (2005). "The nomenclatural types of the orders Acholeplasmatales, Halanaerobiales, Halobacteriales, Methanobacteriales, Methanococcales, Methanomicrobiales, Planctomycetales, Prochlorales, Sulfolobales, Thermococcales, Thermoproteales and Verrucomicrobiales are the genera Acholeplasma, Halanaerobium, Halobacterium, Methanobacterium, Methanococcus, Methanomicrobium, Planctomyces, Prochloron, Sulfolobus, Thermococcus, Thermoproteus and Verrucomicrobium, respectively. Opinion 79". Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 55 (Pt 1): 517–518. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.63548-0. PMID 15653928.
Euzeby JP, Tindall BJ (2001). "Nomenclatural type of orders: corrections necessary according to Rules 15 and 21a of the Bacteriological Code (1990 Revision), and designation of appropriate nomenclatural types of classes and subclasses. Request for an Opinion". Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 51 (Pt 2): 725–727. doi:10.1099/00207713-51-2-725. PMID 11321122.
Oren A, Ventosa A (2000). "International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Halobacteriaceae. Minutes of the meetings, 16 August 1999, Sydney, Australia". Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 50 (3): 1405–1407. doi:10.1099/00207713-50-3-1405. PMID 10843089.
Scientific booksedit
Grant WD, Larsen H (1989). "Group III. Extremely halophilic archaeobacteria. Order Halobacteriales ord. nov.". In JT Staley, MP Bryant, N Pfennig, JG Holt (eds.). Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Volume 3 (1st ed.). Baltimore: The Williams & Wilkins Co. p. 169.
Gibbons, NE (1974). "Family V. Halobacteriaceae fam. nov.". In RE Buchanan and NE Gibbons (ed.). Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology (8th ed.). Baltimore: The Williams & Wilkins Co.
halobacteriaceae, family, order, halobacteriales, domain, archaea, represent, large, part, halophilic, archaea, along, with, members, other, methanogenic, families, methanosarcinaceae, methanocalculaceae, family, consists, many, diverse, genera, that, survive,. Halobacteriaceae is a family in the order Halobacteriales and the domain Archaea 1 Halobacteriaceae represent a large part of halophilic Archaea along with members in two other methanogenic families Methanosarcinaceae and Methanocalculaceae 2 The family consists of many diverse genera that can survive extreme environmental niches 3 Most commonly Halobacteriaceae are found in hypersaline lakes and can even tolerate sites polluted by heavy metals 4 They include neutrophiles acidophiles ex Halarchaeum acidiphilum alkaliphiles ex Natronobacterium and there have even been psychrotolerant species discovered ex Hrr lacusprofundi 3 Some members have been known to live aerobically as well as anaerobically and they come in many different morphologies 3 These diverse morphologies include rods in genus Halobacterium cocci in Halococcus flattened discs or cups in Haloferax and other shapes ranging from flattened triangles in Haloarcula to squares in Haloquadratum and Natronorubrum 5 6 Most species of Halobacteriaceae are best known for their high salt tolerance and red pink pigmented members due to bacterioruberin carotenoids 5 but there are also non pigmented species and those that require moderate salt conditions 3 7 Some species of Halobacteriaceae have been shown to exhibit phosphorus solubilizing activities that contribute to phosphorus cycling in hypersaline environments 8 Techniques such as 16S rRNA analysis and DNA DNA hybridization have been major contributors to taxonomic classification in Halobacteriaceae partly due to the difficulty in culturing halophilic Archaea 7 3 2 HalobacteriaceaeScientific classificationDomain ArchaeaKingdom EuryarchaeotaClass HalobacteriaOrder HalobacterialesFamily HalobacteriaceaeGibbons 1974GeneraSee textSynonyms Haloarchaeaceae sic DasSarma amp DasSarma 2008 Contents 1 Overview 2 Phylogeny 3 See also 4 References 5 Further reading 5 1 Scientific journals 5 2 Scientific books 6 External linksOverview editHalobacteriaceae are found in water saturated or nearly saturated with salt They are also called halophiles though this name is also used for other organisms which live in somewhat less concentrated salt water They are common in most environments where large amounts of salt moisture and organic material are available Large blooms appear reddish from the pigment bacteriorhodopsin This pigment is used to absorb light which provides energy to create ATP Halobacteria also possess a second pigment halorhodopsin which pumps in chloride ions in response to photons creating a voltage gradient and assisting in the production of energy from light The process is unrelated to other forms of photosynthesis involving electron transport and halobacteria are incapable of fixing carbon from carbon dioxide Halobacteria can exist in salty environments because although they are aerobes they have a separate and different way of creating energy through use of light energy Parts of the membranes of halobacteria are purplish in color and contain retinal pigment This allows them to create a proton gradient across the membrane of the cell which can be used to create ATP for their own use They have certain adaptations to live within their salty environments For example their cellular machinery is adapted to high salt concentrations by having charged amino acids on their surfaces allowing the cell to keep its water molecules around these components The osmotic pressure and these amino acids help to control the amount of salt within the cell However because of these adaptations if the cell is placed in a wet less salty environment it is likely to immediately burst from the osmotic pressure Phylogeny editThe currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature LPSN 9 and National Center for Biotechnology Information NCBI 1 16S rRNA based LTP 08 2023 10 11 12 53 marker proteins based GTDB 08 RS214 13 14 15 Halobacteriales Halobacteriaceae 2 Halomarina Inoue et al 2011 Salinirubellus Hou et al 2018 Halorarius Sun et al 2023Salella Deshmukh amp Oren 2023HalosegnisHalocatena Verma et al 2020 HaloglomusNatronomonas Kamekura et al 1997 Halobacteriaceae 3 HalosimplexHalorientalisSalinibaculum Han amp Cui 2020 SalinirussusHalovenus Makhdoumi Kakhki et al 2012 HalapricumHalococcoidesHalorhabdusHaloarculaceae Halomicrobium zhouiiHalomicrobium mukohataeiHalomicroarculaHaloarcula incl Halosiccatus paraphyletic Halobacteriaceae Halanaeroarchaeum Sorokin et al 2016 Halodesulfurarchaeum Sorokin et al 2017 Salarchaeum Shimane et al 2011 Halobacterium Elazari Volcani 1957 Halocalculus Minegishi et al 2015 Halarchaeum Minegishi et al 2010 Haladaptaceae Halorussus species group 2Halomicrococcus Chen et al 2020 Halorussus halophilusHaladaptatus Savage et al 2007 Halorussus Cui et al 2010 Halostella Song et al 2016 QS 9 68 17 Halalkalicoccus Xue et al 2005 Halalkalicoccaceae Halococcus Halococcaceae Halobacteriaceae 4 Halorubellus Cui et al 2014 Haloarchaeobius Makhdoumi Kakhki et al 2012 Natronoarchaeum Shimane et al 2010 Natronoarchaeaceae Salinarchaeum Salinarchaeaceae NatrialbaceaeSalinirubrum corrig Cui amp Qiu 2014 Haloferacaceae incl Halorubraceae Halobacteriales Haladaptaceae Halorussus Haladaptatus Halobacteriaceae Halanaeroarchaeum Halodesulfurarchaeum Salarchaeum Halocalculus Halarchaeum Halobacterium Salinarchaeum Salinarchaeaceae Halostella QS 9 68 17 Natronoarchaeum Natronoarchaeaceae NatrialbaceaeHalococcus Halococcaceae Haloarculaceae Halocatena Halomarina HaloglomusHalosegnisNatronomonas HalorientalisHalapricumHalococcoidesHalorhabdusHalosimplexSalinirussusSalinibaculum Halovenus Halomicrobium incl Halosiccatus HalomicroarculaHaloarculaHalalkalicoccus Halalkalicoccaceae Haloferacaceae incl Halorubraceae Note 1 paraphyletic Halobacteriaceae Note 2 Unassigned Halobacteriaceae Actinoarchaeum Tang et al 2023 Haloalcalophilium Lizama et al 2000a Halorarius Sun et al 2023See also editList of Archaea generaReferences edit a b Sayers et al Halobacteriaceae National Center for Biotechnology Information NCBI taxonomy database Retrieved 2023 08 15 a b Oren Aharon September 2014 Taxonomy of halophilic Archaea current status and future challenges Extremophiles 18 5 825 834 doi 10 1007 s00792 014 0654 9 PMID 25102811 S2CID 5395569 a b c d e Oren Aharon February 1 2012 Taxonomy of the family Halobacteriaceae a paradigm for changing concepts in prokaryote systematics International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 62 2 263 271 doi 10 1099 ijs 0 038653 0 PMID 22155757 Naik Sanika Furtado Irene 2017 Marine Pollution and Microbial Remediation Singapore Springer Nature pp 143 152 ISBN 978 981 10 1044 6 a b Oren Aharon Arahal David Ventosa Antonio 2009 Emended descriptions of genera of the family Halobacteriaceae International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 59 3 637 642 doi 10 1099 ijs 0 008904 0 PMID 19244452 Tully Benjamin Emerson Joanne Andrade Karen Brocks Jochen Allen Eric Banfield Jillian Heidelberg Karla September 16 2014 De novo sequences of Haloquadratum walsbyi from Lake Tyrrell Australia reveal a variable genomic landscape Archaea 2015 875784 doi 10 1155 2015 875784 PMC 4330952 PMID 25709557 a b Ventosa A Marquez M Sanchez Porro C Haba R 2012 Advances in understanding the biology of halophilic microorganisms Updated ed ed Dordrecht Springer Dordrecht doi 10 1007 978 94 007 5539 0 3 ISBN 978 94 007 5538 3 Yadav Ajar Nath Sharma Divya Gulati Sneha Singh Surender Dey Rinku Pal Kamal Krishna Kaushik Rajeev Saxena Anil Kumar 28 July 2015 Haloarchaea Endowed with Phosphorus Solubilization Attribute Implicated in Phosphorus Cycle Scientific Reports 5 1 12293 Bibcode 2015NatSR 512293Y doi 10 1038 srep12293 PMC 4516986 PMID 26216440 J P Euzeby Halobacteriaceae List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature LPSN Retrieved 2023 08 15 The LTP Retrieved 20 November 2023 LTP all tree in newick format Retrieved 20 November 2023 LTP 08 2023 Release Notes PDF Retrieved 20 November 2023 GTDB release 08 RS214 Genome Taxonomy Database Retrieved 10 May 2023 ar53 r214 sp label Genome Taxonomy Database Retrieved 10 May 2023 Taxon History Genome Taxonomy Database Retrieved 10 May 2023 Further reading editScientific journals edit Wright A DG 2006 Phylogenetic relationships within the order Halobacteriales inferred from 16S rRNA gene sequences Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56 Pt 6 1223 1227 doi 10 1099 ijs 0 63776 0 PMID 16738095 Judicial Commission of the International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes 2005 The nomenclatural types of the orders Acholeplasmatales Halanaerobiales Halobacteriales Methanobacteriales Methanococcales Methanomicrobiales Planctomycetales Prochlorales Sulfolobales Thermococcales Thermoproteales and Verrucomicrobiales are the genera Acholeplasma Halanaerobium Halobacterium Methanobacterium Methanococcus Methanomicrobium Planctomyces Prochloron Sulfolobus Thermococcus Thermoproteus and Verrucomicrobium respectively Opinion 79 Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55 Pt 1 517 518 doi 10 1099 ijs 0 63548 0 PMID 15653928 Euzeby JP Tindall BJ 2001 Nomenclatural type of orders corrections necessary according to Rules 15 and 21a of the Bacteriological Code 1990 Revision and designation of appropriate nomenclatural types of classes and subclasses Request for an Opinion Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 51 Pt 2 725 727 doi 10 1099 00207713 51 2 725 PMID 11321122 Oren A Ventosa A 2000 International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Halobacteriaceae Minutes of the meetings 16 August 1999 Sydney Australia Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 50 3 1405 1407 doi 10 1099 00207713 50 3 1405 PMID 10843089 Scientific books edit Grant WD Larsen H 1989 Group III Extremely halophilic archaeobacteria Order Halobacteriales ord nov In JT Staley MP Bryant N Pfennig JG Holt eds Bergey s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology Volume 3 1st ed Baltimore The Williams amp Wilkins Co p 169 Gibbons NE 1974 Family V Halobacteriaceae fam nov In RE Buchanan and NE Gibbons ed Bergey s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology 8th ed Baltimore The Williams amp Wilkins Co Blum P ed 2008 Archaea New Models for Prokaryotic Biology Caister Academic Press ISBN 978 1 904455 27 1 1 External links editCorrect names of taxa within the family Halobacteriaceae Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Halobacteriaceae amp oldid 1188772646, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
