Halabja Governorate
Halabja Governorate (Kurdish: پارێزگای ھەڵەبجە, romanized: Parêzgeha Helebceyê,[3][4] Arabic: محافظة حلبجة, romanized: Muḥāfaẓat Ḥalabǧa) is a governorate in the autonomous region of Kurdistan Region in Iraq. The governorate was established in 2014, splitting off from Sulaymaniyah Governorate and becoming the fourth governorate in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq.[5][6] Its capital is the city of Halabja. Halabja Governorate is the least populated Iraqi Governorate.
Halabja Governorate | |
|---|---|
Seal | |
Location of the Halabja Governorate (red) – in Iraq (red, beige & light grey) | |
Halabja Governorate within Kurdistan Region[1] | |
| Coordinates: 35°12′N 46°00′E / 35.2°N 46.0°ECoordinates: 35°12′N 46°00′E / 35.2°N 46.0°E | |
| Country | Iraq |
| Autonomous region | Kurdistan Region |
| Capital | Halabja |
| Government | |
| • Governor | Azad Tofiq[2] |
| • Vice Governor | Kawa Ali |
| Area | |
| • Total | 889 km2 (343 sq mi) |
| Population (2018) | |
| • Total | 109,000+ |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (AST) |
| Website | https://www.facebook.com/parezgayhlabja/ |
History
The Kurdish Parliament first agreed to turn Halabja District into a province in 1999, but it was not enacted at the time.[7] The Kurdistan Region approved of it becoming a governorate in June 2013.[8] Iraq's Council of Ministers approved a bill on 31 December 2013 to enable it.[9] The Iraqi Parliament had to pass the bill but failed to do so. However, the Speaker of the house, Osama Nujaifi, advised that Kurdistan had the power to make Halabja a province.[7] On 13 March 2014, Nechirvan Barzani, Prime Minister of Kurdistan, signed the decision of making Halabja district the fourth governorate of Kurdistan Region; that happened just three days before the remembrance of Halabja chemical attack, which happened on 16 March 1988.[10] On March 16, 2014, Kurdistan Region President Masoud Barzani signed a regional directive to promote Halabja from district status to a province.[11] The Kurdish Parliament passed a bill in February 2015 to establish the legal framework for selecting a provincial council and a governor.[7] As of December 2015, the Iraqi Parliament had not yet officially recognised the province, apparently because of issues with budgeting finance for it.[12] In August 2018, the then Iraqi Interior Minister, Qasim al-Araji, approved authorization for the opening of federal offices that would issue passports, national ID cards, and other civil documents under its own name.[13]
Districts
Halabja comprises the central district, Halabja, and three other districts, Sirwan, Khurmal, and Byara (Bayyarah). Three other districts of the Sulaymaniyah Governorate had the option of joining the province, but decided against it.[12]
References
- ^ "Map of area of Kurdistan Region & its Governorates". www.krso.net.
- ^ "PUK official Azad Tofiq sworn in as governor of Halabja province". www.nrttv.com.
- ^ "Iraqê Helebce weke parêzgeh hesab kir". Rûdaw (in Kurdish). Retrieved 21 December 2019.
- ^ "وادەی كردنەوەی ژووری بازرگانیی پارێزگای هەڵەبجە ئاشكراكرا" (in Kurdish). Retrieved 21 December 2019.
- ^ "Iraqi Kurdistan government announces Halabja as its fourth province". Ekurd Daily. 13 March 2014. Retrieved 13 March 2014.
- ^ Ottoway, Marina (4 March 2014). "Mission impossible". Foreign Policy. FP Group. Retrieved 13 March 2014.
- ^ a b c Golpy, Osamah (8 February 2015). "Halabja: City of Peace becomes Kurdistan's fourth province". Rudaw. Retrieved 13 August 2016.
- ^ "Iraq ministers agree turning Halabja into province". Rudaw. 2 January 2014. Retrieved 13 August 2016.
- ^ "Council of Ministers decisions in Session 54 in 31/12/2013". 31 December 2013. Retrieved 13 August 2016.
- ^ "KRG order turning Halabja into province sets off street celebrations". Rudaw. 14 March 2014. Retrieved 13 August 2016.
- ^ "Kurdistan Region President signs Halabja province directive". Kurdistan Region Presidency. 16 March 2014. Retrieved 13 August 2016.
- ^ a b Mohammed, Zhyar (3 December 2015). "A paper province: Halabja, symbol of Iraqi suffering, waits for its new beginning". Niqash. MiCT. Retrieved 13 August 2016.
- ^ "Halabja gets official approval to open federal offices". Rudaw. 16 August 2018. Retrieved 11 November 2018.