Hadım Suleiman Pasha (governor of Rumelia)
Hadım Suleiman Pasha (Turkish: Hadım Süleyman Paşa, Romanian: Hadâm Suleiman Paşa; fl. 1474–1490) was an Ottoman statesman and general, who served as the governor (beylerbey) of the Rumelia Eyalet (fl. 1474) and the Anatolia Eyalet. He was later a governor of the Sanjak of Amasya (1482–90) and the Sanjak of Smederevo (1490–?). He served during the reign of Mehmed II. His epithet hadım means "eunuch" in Arabic, also used in old Osmanli language.[1][2]
Life
He was born in Bosnia Eyalet and was of Albanian descent.[3] He was appointed the sanjak-bey of Albania during the reign of Mehmed the Conqueror (r. 1444–46, 1451–81).[4] His office was brief, as contemporary sources attest that he was attacked and captured along with his retainers and servants and afterwards sold to a Catholic state (possibly Venice).[when?][4]
In 1474, he besieged the Venetian-held Shkodër (see Siege of Shkodër).[3] The fortress was defended by Albanians and one Venetian called Antonio Loredano[5] The Ottoman troops managed to damage parts of the fortress, but ultimately failed and Suleyman had to satisfy himself with his pillage he got during the siege.[6][7][8] In December he began a march against Stephen the Great of Moldavia, who refused to pay homage to the Sultan. Suleyman was reluctant in marching against Moldavia, as his troops were exhausted from the failed siege and as winter was approaching, but he couldn't dare to question the Sultan's decision.[9] The two met on 10 January, 1475, at the Battle of Vaslui. The Ottoman forces suffered a major defeat with high casualties. However, this defeat was re-compensated during next summer when the Ottomans led by Mehmet II defeated Stephen on 17 July, 1476 at Valea Albă.[10] Occupation of Bessarabia & vital port-fortresses of Chilia/Kilija & Akkerman (Asprokastron/Cetatea Alba) took place in August 1484. [1]
In 1482, he was the governor of the Sanjak of Amasya, and then in the Sanjak of Smederevo in 1490, where he died.[3]
References
Footnotes
- ^ Angiolello, Giovanni Maria, Turkish History[page needed]
- ^ Shaw, Stanford J. (1976). History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey: Volume 1, Empire of the Gazis: The Rise and Decline of the Ottoman Empire 1280-1808. Cambridge University Press. p. 73. ISBN 978-0-52121-280-9.
- ^ a b c Safvet-beg Bašagić (1986). Bošnjaci i Hercegovci u islamskoj književnosti: prilog kulturnoj historiji Bosne i Hercegovine. "Svjetlost," OOUR Izdavačka djelatnost. pp. 17, 428.
Sulejman-pasa, rodom iz Bosne. Prvi put ga sretamo u povijesti kao beglerbega od Rumelije, gdje osvaja Skadar 879 (1474). Kasnije je bio beglerbeg od Anatolije. 887 (1482) namjesnik u Amasiji, a 896 (1490) u Smederevu, ...
- ^ a b Archivum ottomanicum, Volumes 1–3, Mouton, 1969, p. 200, retrieved 19 March 2011
- ^ "Print | British Museum".
- ^ Hoca Sadeddin Efendi, Crown of Histories[page needed]
- ^ Orudj bin Adil, The Chronicles of the House of Osman[page needed]
- ^ Marinus Barletius, De obsidione Scodrensi, 1504[page needed]
- ^ Hoca Sadeddin Efendi, Crown of Histories[page needed]
- ^ Shaw 1976, p. 68
Sources
- Angiolello, Giovanni Maria. Historia Turchesca (Turkish History) (Romanian)
- Orudj bin Adil, Tevârîh-i Âl-i Osman (The Chronicles of the House of Osman) (Turkish)
- Hoca Sadeddin Efendi (ed. İsmet Parmaksızoğlu), Tac al-tevarikh (Crown of Histories), vol. 3, Kültür Bakanlığı, Ankara, 1974-1979 reprint:1999.(Turkish)
- Shaw, Stanford, (1976) History of the Ottoman Empire - Vol.1: Empire of Gazis" Cambridge University Press, Cambridge p. 68