In antiquity, there was most probably a pagan temple in place of the current mosque. During the Christian era, it was converted into a church named after John the Baptist. In the Medieval Age, the city was captured first by the Rashidun Caliphate in 637, by the Byzantine Empire in 969, by the Seljuk Turks in 1084, by the Crusades in 1098, and by the Baibars of the Mamluk Sultanate in 1268. Concurrently in each case, the status of the building was changed from church to mosque and from mosque to church.[2][3] However, in the inscription of the mosque, it reads that it was rebuilt in 1275 soon after Baibars had converted it to a mosque.[4] Wendy Mayer and Pauline Allen suggest that the mosque is build on top of the former church of Cassian,[5] however this remains uncertain as Yaqut al-Rumi mentions a shrine of Habib as a place of pilgrimage at the beginning of the thirteenth century when Antioch was under Frankish rule which was not that same church.[6]
The mosque was demolished during the 1853 earthquake. It was rebuilt by the Ottomans but the minaret was left standing and is older. The shadirvan (ablution fountain) is a later addition.
The mosque was named after Habib the Carpenter, or Habib al-Najjar, who lived in the time of Jesus Christ. In the early years of Christianity, he was martyred by the pagans, who refused to convert.[7] He was canonized a Christian saint.[dubious – discuss]
Muslims believe he was martyred for calling people to the religion of Allah. He is referred to in the Quran, chapterYa-Sin, verses 20–27, as the supporter of the disciples calling the people of Ya-Sin to the worship of the One God: "Then there came running, from the farthest part of the City, a man, saying, 'O my people! Obey the messengers. Obey those who ask no reward of you (for themselves), and who have received Guidance.'"[Quran 36:20-21]
Two sarcophagiedit
The two sarcophagi found in the yard of the mosque are believed to belong to Jonah and John the Baptist,[3] or the tomb of Habib along with that of Sham'un Al-Safa (Saint Peter, also known as Simon the Pure).[8][9]
Referencesedit
^"Hatay'daki 1400 yıllık cami depremde enkaza döndü". Independent Turkish (in Turkish). 2023-02-06. Retrieved 2023-02-11.
^"Habib-i Neccar'ın efsanevî bir hikâyesi var | Gezi-Mekan | Dünya Bizim". dunyabizim.com (in Turkish). Retrieved 2018-06-03.
^ ab"The Mosque of Habib-i Neccar (Habib al-Najjâr)". Antiochene. 4 August 2011. Retrieved 2018-06-03.
^"HABİB-İ NECCAR CAMİİ | Kültür Portalı". kulturportali.gov.tr (in Turkish). Retrieved 2018-06-03.
^Mayer, Wendy; Allen, Pauline (2012). The Churches of Syrian Antioch (300-638 CE). Peeters. p. 54. ISBN978-90-429-2604-2. Retrieved 19 February 2024.
^ Kennedy, Hugh N. (2006). The Byzantine and Early Islamic Near East. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. p. 70. ISBN978-0-7546-5909-9. Retrieved 8 February 2024.
^Habib-i Neccar’ın efsanevî bir hikâyesi var (Turkish)
^Hughes Dictionary of Islam, Habib the Carpenter: "Habib's tomb is still seen in Antioch, and is visited by Muhammadans as a shrine."
habib, nejjar, mosque, historical, mosque, antakya, hatay, province, turkey, named, after, habib, carpenter, mosque, east, orontes, river, turkish, irmağı, mosque, severely, damaged, earthquakes, february, 2023, religionaffiliationislamlocationlocationantakya,. Habib i Nejjar Mosque is a historical mosque in Antakya Hatay Province Turkey named after Habib the Carpenter The mosque is to the east of Orontes River Turkish Asi Irmagi The mosque was severely damaged by earthquakes in February 2023 1 Habib i Nejjar MosqueReligionAffiliationIslamLocationLocationAntakya Hatay TurkeyTurkeyGeographic coordinates36 2 N 36 10 E 36 033 N 36 167 E 36 033 36 167ArchitectureTypeMosque Contents 1 History 2 Namesake 3 Two sarcophagi 4 ReferencesHistory editIn antiquity there was most probably a pagan temple in place of the current mosque During the Christian era it was converted into a church named after John the Baptist In the Medieval Age the city was captured first by the Rashidun Caliphate in 637 by the Byzantine Empire in 969 by the Seljuk Turks in 1084 by the Crusades in 1098 and by the Baibars of the Mamluk Sultanate in 1268 Concurrently in each case the status of the building was changed from church to mosque and from mosque to church 2 3 However in the inscription of the mosque it reads that it was rebuilt in 1275 soon after Baibars had converted it to a mosque 4 Wendy Mayer and Pauline Allen suggest that the mosque is build on top of the former church of Cassian 5 however this remains uncertain as Yaqut al Rumi mentions a shrine of Habib as a place of pilgrimage at the beginning of the thirteenth century when Antioch was under Frankish rule which was not that same church 6 The mosque was demolished during the 1853 earthquake It was rebuilt by the Ottomans but the minaret was left standing and is older The shadirvan ablution fountain is a later addition The mosque was destroyed in the 2023 earthquake Namesake editMain article Habib the Carpenter The mosque was named after Habib the Carpenter or Habib al Najjar who lived in the time of Jesus Christ In the early years of Christianity he was martyred by the pagans who refused to convert 7 He was canonized a Christian saint dubious discuss Muslims believe he was martyred for calling people to the religion of Allah He is referred to in the Quran chapter Ya Sin verses 20 27 as the supporter of the disciples calling the people of Ya Sin to the worship of the One God Then there came running from the farthest part of the City a man saying O my people Obey the messengers Obey those who ask no reward of you for themselves and who have received Guidance Quran 36 20 21 Two sarcophagi editThe two sarcophagi found in the yard of the mosque are believed to belong to Jonah and John the Baptist 3 or the tomb of Habib along with that of Sham un Al Safa Saint Peter also known as Simon the Pure 8 9 References edit Hatay daki 1400 yillik cami depremde enkaza dondu Independent Turkish in Turkish 2023 02 06 Retrieved 2023 02 11 Habib i Neccar in efsanevi bir hikayesi var Gezi Mekan Dunya Bizim dunyabizim com in Turkish Retrieved 2018 06 03 a b The Mosque of Habib i Neccar Habib al Najjar Antiochene 4 August 2011 Retrieved 2018 06 03 HABIB I NECCAR CAMII Kultur Portali kulturportali gov tr in Turkish Retrieved 2018 06 03 Mayer Wendy Allen Pauline 2012 The Churches of Syrian Antioch 300 638 CE Peeters p 54 ISBN 978 90 429 2604 2 Retrieved 19 February 2024 Kennedy Hugh N 2006 The Byzantine and Early Islamic Near East Ashgate Publishing Ltd p 70 ISBN 978 0 7546 5909 9 Retrieved 8 February 2024 Habib i Neccar in efsanevi bir hikayesi var Turkish Hughes Dictionary of Islam Habib the Carpenter Habib s tomb is still seen in Antioch and is visited by Muhammadans as a shrine The Mosque of Habib i Neccar Habib al Najjar Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Habib i Nejjar Mosque amp oldid 1212542310, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
