In vertebrates, the genes encoding the class of transcription factors called homeobox genes are found in clusters named A, B, C, and D on four separate chromosomes. Expression of these proteins is spatially and temporally regulated during embryonic development. This gene is part of the A cluster on chromosome 7 and encodes a DNA-binding transcription factor which may regulate gene expression, morphogenesis, and differentiation.[7]
Clinical significanceedit
Leukemiaedit
HOXA6 was examined to be preferentially expressed in primitive cells (e.g. hematopoietic progenitor cells), under the regulation of growth factors and cell cycles. Interleukin 3 and all-trans retinoic acid were found to be the inducing factors that can stimulate the expression of HOXA6. In mitotic process, HOXA6 was mainly expressed in S-phase and G2M phase cells. Overexpression of HoxA6 increased proliferation but inhibited differentiation of multipotential stem cells in the process of hemopoiesis,[8] even had the capacity to transform primary hematopoietic cells into immortal cell lines. Transplantation of these cell lines may cause acute myeloid leukemia in recipient animals.[9] Also in patients with acute myeloid leukemia, HOXA6 expression was upregulated. The co-methylation of HOX genes, including HOXA6, leads to the dysfunction of tumor suppression genes by reducing gene expression. The methylation processes can be identified in adult chronic lymphocytic leukemia and childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia.[10]
Glioblastomaedit
HOXA6 may also contribute to the invasive tendency of glioblastoma multiforme cells. Suppressed expression of HOXA6 by introducing its antisense fragments can reduce the invasion of glioblastoma multiforme cells.[11]
Referencesedit
^ abcGRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000106006 - Ensembl, May 2017
^ abcGRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000043219 - Ensembl, May 2017
^"Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^"Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^McAlpine PJ, Shows TB (July 1990). "Nomenclature for human homeobox genes". Genomics. 7 (3): 460. doi:10.1016/0888-7543(90)90186-X. PMID 1973146.
^Kishida Y, Natsume A, Kondo Y, Takeuchi I, An B, Okamoto Y, Shinjo K, Saito K, Ando H, Ohka F, Sekido Y, Wakabayashi T (February 2012). "Epigenetic subclassification of meningiomas based on genome-wide DNA methylation analyses". Carcinogenesis. 33 (2): 436–41. doi:10.1093/carcin/bgr260. PMID 22102699.
^Guo YB, Shao YM, Chen J, Xu SB, Zhang XD, Wang MR, Liu HY (January 2016). "Effect of overexpression of HOX genes on its invasive tendency in cerebral glioma". Oncology Letters. 11 (1): 75–80. doi:10.3892/ol.2015.3893. PMC4727036. PMID 26870170.
Further readingedit
Boncinelli E, Acampora D, Pannese M, D'Esposito M, Somma R, Gaudino G, Stornaiuolo A, Cafiero M, Faiella A, Simeone A (1990). "Organization of human class I homeobox genes". Genome. 31 (2): 745–56. doi:10.1139/g89-133. PMID 2576652.
Apiou F, Flagiello D, Cillo C, Malfoy B, Poupon MF, Dutrillaux B (1996). "Fine mapping of human HOX gene clusters". Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics. 73 (1–2): 114–5. doi:10.1159/000134320. PMID 8646877.
Walters JR, Howard A, Rumble HE, Prathalingam SR, Shaw-Smith CJ, Legon S (August 1997). "Differences in expression of homeobox transcription factors in proximal and distal human small intestine". Gastroenterology. 113 (2): 472–7. doi:10.1053/gast.1997.v113.pm9247466. PMID 9247466.
Kosaki K, Kosaki R, Suzuki T, Yoshihashi H, Takahashi T, Sasaki K, Tomita M, McGinnis W, Matsuo N (February 2002). "Complete mutation analysis panel of the 39 human HOX genes". Teratology. 65 (2): 50–62. doi:10.1002/tera.10009. PMID 11857506.
This article on a gene on human chromosome 7 is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
hoxa6, homeobox, protein, protein, that, humans, encoded, gene, identifiersaliases, hox1, hox1, hox1b, homeobox, a6external, idsomim, 142951, 96178, homologene, 7765, genecards, gene, location, human, chromosome, human, band7p15, 2start27, end27, gene, locatio. Homeobox protein Hox A6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HOXA6 gene 5 6 7 HOXA6IdentifiersAliasesHOXA6 HOX1 HOX1 2 HOX1B homeobox A6External IDsOMIM 142951 MGI 96178 HomoloGene 7765 GeneCards HOXA6Gene location Human Chr Chromosome 7 human 1 Band7p15 2Start27 145 396 bp 1 End27 150 603 bp 1 Gene location Mouse Chr Chromosome 6 mouse 2 Band6 B3 6 25 4 cMStart52 183 268 bp 2 End52 185 702 bp 2 RNA expression patternBgeeHumanMouse ortholog Top expressed inleft uterine tubestromal cell of endometriumtransverse colonright adrenal glandright uterine tubegastrocnemius musclepopliteal arterykidneyseminal vesiculaskin of abdomenTop expressed inneural tubeuretersensory ganglionposterior horn of spinal cordmedulla oblongatarenal cortexnephronproximal tubuleanterior horn of spinal cordepidermisMore reference expression dataBioGPSMore reference expression dataGene ontologyMolecular functionDNA binding transcription factor activity sequence specific DNA binding DNA binding DNA binding transcription factor activity RNA polymerase II specific RNA polymerase II cis regulatory region sequence specific DNA binding DNA binding transcription activator activity RNA polymerase II specific transcription factor activity RNA polymerase II distal enhancer sequence specific bindingCellular componentnucleusBiological processembryonic skeletal system morphogenesis multicellular organism development regulation of transcription DNA templated transcription DNA templated anterior posterior pattern specification embryonic skeletal system development regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IISources Amigo QuickGOOrthologsSpeciesHumanMouseEntrez320315403EnsemblENSG00000106006ENSMUSG00000043219UniProtP31267P09092RefSeq mRNA NM 024014NM 010454RefSeq protein NP 076919NP 034584Location UCSC Chr 7 27 15 27 15 MbChr 6 52 18 52 19 MbPubMed search 3 4 WikidataView Edit HumanView Edit Mouse Contents 1 Function 2 Clinical significance 2 1 Leukemia 2 2 Glioblastoma 3 References 4 Further readingFunction editIn vertebrates the genes encoding the class of transcription factors called homeobox genes are found in clusters named A B C and D on four separate chromosomes Expression of these proteins is spatially and temporally regulated during embryonic development This gene is part of the A cluster on chromosome 7 and encodes a DNA binding transcription factor which may regulate gene expression morphogenesis and differentiation 7 Clinical significance editLeukemia edit HOXA6 was examined to be preferentially expressed in primitive cells e g hematopoietic progenitor cells under the regulation of growth factors and cell cycles Interleukin 3 and all trans retinoic acid were found to be the inducing factors that can stimulate the expression of HOXA6 In mitotic process HOXA6 was mainly expressed in S phase and G2M phase cells Overexpression of HoxA6 increased proliferation but inhibited differentiation of multipotential stem cells in the process of hemopoiesis 8 even had the capacity to transform primary hematopoietic cells into immortal cell lines Transplantation of these cell lines may cause acute myeloid leukemia in recipient animals 9 Also in patients with acute myeloid leukemia HOXA6 expression was upregulated The co methylation of HOX genes including HOXA6 leads to the dysfunction of tumor suppression genes by reducing gene expression The methylation processes can be identified in adult chronic lymphocytic leukemia and childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia 10 Glioblastoma edit HOXA6 may also contribute to the invasive tendency of glioblastoma multiforme cells Suppressed expression of HOXA6 by introducing its antisense fragments can reduce the invasion of glioblastoma multiforme cells 11 References edit a b c GRCh38 Ensembl release 89 ENSG00000106006 Ensembl May 2017 a b c GRCm38 Ensembl release 89 ENSMUSG00000043219 Ensembl May 2017 Human PubMed Reference National Center for Biotechnology Information U S National Library of Medicine Mouse PubMed Reference National Center for Biotechnology Information U S National Library of Medicine McAlpine PJ Shows TB July 1990 Nomenclature for human homeobox genes Genomics 7 3 460 doi 10 1016 0888 7543 90 90186 X PMID 1973146 Scott MP November 1992 Vertebrate homeobox gene nomenclature Cell 71 4 551 3 doi 10 1016 0092 8674 92 90588 4 PMID 1358459 S2CID 13370372 a b Entrez Gene HOXA6 homeobox A6 Dickson GJ Kwasniewska A Mills KI Lappin TR Thompson A March 2009 Hoxa6 potentiates short term hemopoietic cell proliferation and extended self renewal Experimental Hematology 37 3 322 33 e3 doi 10 1016 j exphem 2008 10 015 PMID 19157684 Bach C Buhl S Mueller D Garcia Cuellar MP Maethner E Slany RK April 2010 Leukemogenic transformation by HOXA cluster genes Blood 115 14 2910 8 doi 10 1182 blood 2009 04 216606 PMID 20130239 S2CID 24616899 Kishida Y Natsume A Kondo Y Takeuchi I An B Okamoto Y Shinjo K Saito K Ando H Ohka F Sekido Y Wakabayashi T February 2012 Epigenetic subclassification of meningiomas based on genome wide DNA methylation analyses Carcinogenesis 33 2 436 41 doi 10 1093 carcin bgr260 PMID 22102699 Guo YB Shao YM Chen J Xu SB Zhang XD Wang MR Liu HY January 2016 Effect of overexpression of HOX genes on its invasive tendency in cerebral glioma Oncology Letters 11 1 75 80 doi 10 3892 ol 2015 3893 PMC 4727036 PMID 26870170 Further reading editBoncinelli E Acampora D Pannese M D Esposito M Somma R Gaudino G Stornaiuolo A Cafiero M Faiella A Simeone A 1990 Organization of human class I homeobox genes Genome 31 2 745 56 doi 10 1139 g89 133 PMID 2576652 Apiou F Flagiello D Cillo C Malfoy B Poupon MF Dutrillaux B 1996 Fine mapping of human HOX gene clusters Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics 73 1 2 114 5 doi 10 1159 000134320 PMID 8646877 Walters JR Howard A Rumble HE Prathalingam SR Shaw Smith CJ Legon S August 1997 Differences in expression of homeobox transcription factors in proximal and distal human small intestine Gastroenterology 113 2 472 7 doi 10 1053 gast 1997 v113 pm9247466 PMID 9247466 Kosaki K Kosaki R Suzuki T Yoshihashi H Takahashi T Sasaki K Tomita M McGinnis W Matsuo N February 2002 Complete mutation analysis panel of the 39 human HOX genes Teratology 65 2 50 62 doi 10 1002 tera 10009 PMID 11857506 nbsp This article on a gene on human chromosome 7 is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title HOXA6 amp oldid 1183921929, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
