This gene belongs to the subfamily of ubiquitously expressed heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs). The hnRNPs are RNA-binding proteins and they complex with heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA). These proteins are associated with pre-mRNAs in the nucleus and appear to influence pre-mRNA processing and other aspects of mRNA metabolism and transport. While all of the hnRNPs are present in the nucleus, some seem to shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. The hnRNP proteins have distinct nucleic acid binding properties. The protein encoded by this gene has three repeats of RRM domains that bind to RNAs and also contains a nuclear localization motif.[6]
HNRNPR, together with its main RNA interacting partner, 7SK, is essential for axon growth in motoneurons.[7] Depletion of HNRNPR from primary motoneurons inhibits axonal development, but it does not lead to enhanced loss of motor neurons.[7] It also plays an important role in axonal β-actin mRNA translocation, binding directly to the 3'-UTR of β-actin mRNA.[8]
HNRNPR enhances c-fos transcription in vitro by forming a complex with PC4 and Mediator cofactors.[9]
^ abBriese M, Saal-Bauernschubert L, Ji C, Moradi M, Ghanawi H, Uhl M, Appenzeller S, Backofen R, Sendtner M (March 2018). "hnRNP R and its main interactor, the noncoding RNA 7SK, coregulate the axonal transcriptome of motoneurons". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 115 (12): E2859-68. Bibcode:2018PNAS..115E2859B. doi:10.1073/pnas.1721670115. ISSN 1091-6490. PMC5866599. PMID 29507242.
^ Glinka M, Herrmann T, Funk N, Havlicek S, Rossoll W, Winkler C, Sendtner M (2010). "The heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein-R is necessary for axonal beta-actin mRNA translocation in spinal motor neurons". Human Molecular Genetics. 19 (10): 1951–66. doi:10.1093/hmg/ddq073. ISSN 1460-2083. PMID 20167579.
^ Fukuda A, Nakadai T, Shimada M, Hisatake K (2009). "Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein R enhances transcription from the naturally configured c-fos promoter in vitro". Journal of Biological Chemistry. 284 (35): 23472–80. doi:10.1074/jbc.M109.013656. PMC2749121. PMID 19581295.
^Mourelatos Z, Abel L, Yong J, Kataoka N, Dreyfuss G (October 2001). "SMN interacts with a novel family of hnRNP and spliceosomal proteins". The EMBO Journal. 20 (19): 5443–52. doi:10.1093/emboj/20.19.5443. PMC125643. PMID 11574476.
^Rossoll W, Kröning AK, Ohndorf UM, Steegborn C, Jablonka S, Sendtner M (January 2002). "Specific interaction of Smn, the spinal muscular atrophy determining gene product, with hnRNP-R and gry-rbp/hnRNP-Q: a role for Smn in RNA processing in motor axons?". Human Molecular Genetics. 11 (1): 93–105. doi:10.1093/hmg/11.1.93. PMID 11773003.
^Wada K, Inoue K, Hagiwara M (August 2002). "Identification of methylated proteins by protein arginine N-methyltransferase 1, PRMT1, with a new expression cloning strategy". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research. 1591 (1–3): 1–10. doi:10.1016/S0167-4889(02)00202-1. PMID 12183049.
^Stelzl U, Worm U, Lalowski M, Haenig C, Brembeck FH, Goehler H, Stroedicke M, Zenkner M, Schoenherr A, Koeppen S, Timm J, Mintzlaff S, Abraham C, Bock N, Kietzmann S, Goedde A, Toksöz E, Droege A, Krobitsch S, Korn B, Birchmeier W, Lehrach H, Wanker EE (September 2005). "A human protein-protein interaction network: a resource for annotating the proteome". Cell. 122 (6): 957–68. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2005.08.029. hdl:11858/00-001M-0000-0010-8592-0. PMID 16169070. S2CID 8235923.
^ abLing SC, Albuquerque CP, Han JS, Lagier-Tourenne C, Tokunaga S, Zhou H, Cleveland DW (July 2010). "ALS-associated mutations in TDP-43 increase its stability and promote TDP-43 complexes with FUS/TLS". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 107 (30): 13318–23. Bibcode:2010PNAS..10713318L. doi:10.1073/pnas.1008227107. PMC2922163. PMID 20624952.
Further readingedit
Mourelatos Z, Abel L, Yong J, Kataoka N, Dreyfuss G (October 2001). "SMN interacts with a novel family of hnRNP and spliceosomal proteins". The EMBO Journal. 20 (19): 5443–52. doi:10.1093/emboj/20.19.5443. PMC125643. PMID 11574476.
Rossoll W, Kröning AK, Ohndorf UM, Steegborn C, Jablonka S, Sendtner M (January 2002). "Specific interaction of Smn, the spinal muscular atrophy determining gene product, with hnRNP-R and gry-rbp/hnRNP-Q: a role for Smn in RNA processing in motor axons?". Human Molecular Genetics. 11 (1): 93–105. doi:10.1093/hmg/11.1.93. PMID 11773003.
Jurica MS, Licklider LJ, Gygi SR, Grigorieff N, Moore MJ (April 2002). "Purification and characterization of native spliceosomes suitable for three-dimensional structural analysis". RNA. 8 (4): 426–39. doi:10.1017/S1355838202021088. PMC1370266. PMID 11991638.
Wada K, Inoue K, Hagiwara M (August 2002). "Identification of methylated proteins by protein arginine N-methyltransferase 1, PRMT1, with a new expression cloning strategy". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research. 1591 (1–3): 1–10. doi:10.1016/S0167-4889(02)00202-1. PMID 12183049.
Angenstein F, Evans AM, Settlage RE, Moran ST, Ling SC, Klintsova AY, Shabanowitz J, Hunt DF, Greenough WT (October 2002). "A receptor for activated C kinase is part of messenger ribonucleoprotein complexes associated with polyA-mRNAs in neurons". The Journal of Neuroscience. 22 (20): 8827–37. doi:10.1523/jneurosci.22-20-08827.2002. PMC6757688. PMID 12388589.
Hassel S, Eichner A, Yakymovych M, Hellman U, Knaus P, Souchelnytskyi S (May 2004). "Proteins associated with type II bone morphogenetic protein receptor (BMPR-II) and identified by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry". Proteomics. 4 (5): 1346–58. doi:10.1002/pmic.200300770. PMID 15188402. S2CID 6773754.
Andersen JS, Lam YW, Leung AK, Ong SE, Lyon CE, Lamond AI, Mann M (January 2005). "Nucleolar proteome dynamics". Nature. 433 (7021): 77–83. Bibcode:2005Natur.433...77A. doi:10.1038/nature03207. PMID 15635413. S2CID 4344740.
Huang J, Chen XH, Wu K, Xu P (May 2005). "Cloning and expression of a novel isoform of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein-R". NeuroReport. 16 (7): 727–30. doi:10.1097/00001756-200505120-00014. PMID 15858414. S2CID 42006801.
Kimura K, Wakamatsu A, Suzuki Y, Ota T, Nishikawa T, Yamashita R, Yamamoto J, Sekine M, Tsuritani K, Wakaguri H, Ishii S, Sugiyama T, Saito K, Isono Y, Irie R, Kushida N, Yoneyama T, Otsuka R, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Kondo H, Wagatsuma M, Murakawa K, Ishida S, Ishibashi T, Takahashi-Fujii A, Tanase T, Nagai K, Kikuchi H, Nakai K, Isogai T, Sugano S (January 2006). "Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes". Genome Research. 16 (1): 55–65. doi:10.1101/gr.4039406. PMC1356129. PMID 16344560.
Ewing RM, Chu P, Elisma F, Li H, Taylor P, Climie S, McBroom-Cerajewski L, Robinson MD, O'Connor L, Li M, Taylor R, Dharsee M, Ho Y, Heilbut A, Moore L, Zhang S, Ornatsky O, Bukhman YV, Ethier M, Sheng Y, Vasilescu J, Abu-Farha M, Lambert JP, Duewel HS, Stewart II, Kuehl B, Hogue K, Colwill K, Gladwish K, Muskat B, Kinach R, Adams SL, Moran MF, Morin GB, Topaloglou T, Figeys D (2007). "Large-scale mapping of human protein-protein interactions by mass spectrometry". Molecular Systems Biology. 3 (1): 89. doi:10.1038/msb4100134. PMC1847948. PMID 17353931.
Szafranski K, Schindler S, Taudien S, Hiller M, Huse K, Jahn N, Schreiber S, Backofen R, Platzer M (2007). "Violating the splicing rules: TG dinucleotides function as alternative 3' splice sites in U2-dependent introns". Genome Biology. 8 (8): R154. doi:10.1186/gb-2007-8-8-r154. PMC2374985. PMID 17672918.
hnrnpr, heterogeneous, nuclear, ribonucleoprotein, protein, that, humans, encoded, gene, available, structurespdbhuman, uniprot, search, pdbe, rcsblist, codes2dk2identifiersaliases, hnrpr, hnrnp, heterogeneous, nuclear, ribonucleoprotein, rexternal, idsomim, 6. Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein R is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HNRNPR gene 5 6 HNRNPRAvailable structuresPDBHuman UniProt search PDBe RCSBList of PDB id codes2DK2IdentifiersAliasesHNRNPR HNRPR hnRNP R heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein RExternal IDsOMIM 607201 MGI 1891692 HomoloGene 4251 GeneCards HNRNPRGene location Human Chr Chromosome 1 human 1 Band1p36 12Start23 303 771 bp 1 End23 344 336 bp 1 Gene location Mouse Chr Chromosome 4 mouse 2 Band4 4 D3Start136 038 253 bp 2 End136 086 758 bp 2 RNA expression patternBgeeHumanMouse ortholog Top expressed inganglionic eminenceAchilles tendonappendixsmooth muscle tissueislet of Langerhansrectummonocyteleft uterine tubestromal cell of endometriumbone marrow cellsTop expressed inhandyolk sacganglionic eminencespermatocyteotolith organutricleliplensciliary bodyintestinal villusMore reference expression dataBioGPSMore reference expression dataGene ontologyMolecular functionmRNA 3 UTR binding nucleic acid binding protein binding RNA binding mRNA bindingCellular componentnucleolus cytoplasm axon terminus growth cone nucleus intracellular membrane bounded organelle dendrite endoplasmic reticulum catalytic step 2 spliceosome spliceosomal complex nucleoplasm ribonucleoprotein complexBiological processcircadian rhythm positive regulation of mRNA catabolic process mRNA destabilization negative regulation of catalytic activity mRNA processing mRNA splicing via spliceosome RNA splicing RNA metabolic processSources Amigo QuickGOOrthologsSpeciesHumanMouseEntrez1023674326EnsemblENSG00000282958ENSG00000125944ENSMUSG00000066037UniProtO43390n aRefSeq mRNA NM 001102397NM 001102398NM 001102399NM 001297620NM 001297621NM 001297622NM 005826NM 001277121NM 001277122NM 001277123NM 028871NM 001355182RefSeq protein NP 001095867NP 001095868NP 001095869NP 001284549NP 001284550NP 001284551NP 005817n aLocation UCSC Chr 1 23 3 23 34 MbChr 4 136 04 136 09 MbPubMed search 3 4 WikidataView Edit HumanView Edit Mouse Contents 1 Function 2 Interactions 3 References 4 Further reading 5 External linksFunction editThis gene belongs to the subfamily of ubiquitously expressed heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins hnRNPs The hnRNPs are RNA binding proteins and they complex with heterogeneous nuclear RNA hnRNA These proteins are associated with pre mRNAs in the nucleus and appear to influence pre mRNA processing and other aspects of mRNA metabolism and transport While all of the hnRNPs are present in the nucleus some seem to shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm The hnRNP proteins have distinct nucleic acid binding properties The protein encoded by this gene has three repeats of RRM domains that bind to RNAs and also contains a nuclear localization motif 6 HNRNPR together with its main RNA interacting partner 7SK is essential for axon growth in motoneurons 7 Depletion of HNRNPR from primary motoneurons inhibits axonal development but it does not lead to enhanced loss of motor neurons 7 It also plays an important role in axonal b actin mRNA translocation binding directly to the 3 UTR of b actin mRNA 8 HNRNPR enhances c fos transcription in vitro by forming a complex with PC4 and Mediator cofactors 9 Interactions editHNRNPR has been shown to interact with SMN1 10 11 PRMT1 12 13 TDP 43 14 and FUS TLS 14 References edit a b c ENSG00000125944 GRCh38 Ensembl release 89 ENSG00000282958 ENSG00000125944 Ensembl May 2017 a b c GRCm38 Ensembl release 89 ENSMUSG00000066037 Ensembl May 2017 Human PubMed Reference National Center for Biotechnology Information U S National Library of Medicine Mouse PubMed Reference National Center for Biotechnology Information U S National Library of Medicine Hassfeld W Chan EK Mathison DA Portman D Dreyfuss G Steiner G Tan EM January 1998 Molecular definition of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein R hnRNP R using autoimmune antibody immunological relationship with hnRNP P Nucleic Acids Research 26 2 439 45 doi 10 1093 nar 26 2 439 PMC 147279 PMID 9421497 a b Entrez Gene HNRPR heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein R a b Briese M Saal Bauernschubert L Ji C Moradi M Ghanawi H Uhl M Appenzeller S Backofen R Sendtner M March 2018 hnRNP R and its main interactor the noncoding RNA 7SK coregulate the axonal transcriptome of motoneurons Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 115 12 E2859 68 Bibcode 2018PNAS 115E2859B doi 10 1073 pnas 1721670115 ISSN 1091 6490 PMC 5866599 PMID 29507242 Glinka M Herrmann T Funk N Havlicek S Rossoll W Winkler C Sendtner M 2010 The heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein R is necessary for axonal beta actin mRNA translocation in spinal motor neurons Human Molecular Genetics 19 10 1951 66 doi 10 1093 hmg ddq073 ISSN 1460 2083 PMID 20167579 Fukuda A Nakadai T Shimada M Hisatake K 2009 Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein R enhances transcription from the naturally configured c fos promoter in vitro Journal of Biological Chemistry 284 35 23472 80 doi 10 1074 jbc M109 013656 PMC 2749121 PMID 19581295 Mourelatos Z Abel L Yong J Kataoka N Dreyfuss G October 2001 SMN interacts with a novel family of hnRNP and spliceosomal proteins The EMBO Journal 20 19 5443 52 doi 10 1093 emboj 20 19 5443 PMC 125643 PMID 11574476 Rossoll W Kroning AK Ohndorf UM Steegborn C Jablonka S Sendtner M January 2002 Specific interaction of Smn the spinal muscular atrophy determining gene product with hnRNP R and gry rbp hnRNP Q a role for Smn in RNA processing in motor axons Human Molecular Genetics 11 1 93 105 doi 10 1093 hmg 11 1 93 PMID 11773003 Wada K Inoue K Hagiwara M August 2002 Identification of methylated proteins by protein arginine N methyltransferase 1 PRMT1 with a new expression cloning strategy Biochimica et Biophysica Acta BBA Molecular Cell Research 1591 1 3 1 10 doi 10 1016 S0167 4889 02 00202 1 PMID 12183049 Stelzl U Worm U Lalowski M Haenig C Brembeck FH Goehler H Stroedicke M Zenkner M Schoenherr A Koeppen S Timm J Mintzlaff S Abraham C Bock N Kietzmann S Goedde A Toksoz E Droege A Krobitsch S Korn B Birchmeier W Lehrach H Wanker EE September 2005 A human protein protein interaction network a resource for annotating the proteome Cell 122 6 957 68 doi 10 1016 j cell 2005 08 029 hdl 11858 00 001M 0000 0010 8592 0 PMID 16169070 S2CID 8235923 a b Ling SC Albuquerque CP Han JS Lagier Tourenne C Tokunaga S Zhou H Cleveland DW July 2010 ALS associated mutations in TDP 43 increase its stability and promote TDP 43 complexes with FUS TLS Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 107 30 13318 23 Bibcode 2010PNAS 10713318L doi 10 1073 pnas 1008227107 PMC 2922163 PMID 20624952 Further reading editMourelatos Z Abel L Yong J Kataoka N Dreyfuss G October 2001 SMN interacts with a novel family of hnRNP and spliceosomal proteins The EMBO Journal 20 19 5443 52 doi 10 1093 emboj 20 19 5443 PMC 125643 PMID 11574476 Rossoll W Kroning AK Ohndorf UM Steegborn C Jablonka S Sendtner M January 2002 Specific interaction of Smn the spinal muscular atrophy determining gene product with hnRNP R and gry rbp hnRNP Q a role for Smn in RNA processing in motor axons Human Molecular Genetics 11 1 93 105 doi 10 1093 hmg 11 1 93 PMID 11773003 Jurica MS Licklider LJ Gygi SR Grigorieff N Moore MJ April 2002 Purification and characterization of native spliceosomes suitable for three dimensional structural analysis RNA 8 4 426 39 doi 10 1017 S1355838202021088 PMC 1370266 PMID 11991638 Wada K Inoue K Hagiwara M August 2002 Identification of methylated proteins by protein arginine N methyltransferase 1 PRMT1 with a new expression cloning strategy Biochimica et Biophysica Acta BBA Molecular Cell Research 1591 1 3 1 10 doi 10 1016 S0167 4889 02 00202 1 PMID 12183049 Angenstein F Evans AM Settlage RE Moran ST Ling SC Klintsova AY Shabanowitz J Hunt DF Greenough WT October 2002 A receptor for activated C kinase is part of messenger ribonucleoprotein complexes associated with polyA mRNAs in neurons The Journal of Neuroscience 22 20 8827 37 doi 10 1523 jneurosci 22 20 08827 2002 PMC 6757688 PMID 12388589 Hassel S Eichner A Yakymovych M Hellman U Knaus P Souchelnytskyi S May 2004 Proteins associated with type II bone morphogenetic protein receptor BMPR II and identified by two dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry Proteomics 4 5 1346 58 doi 10 1002 pmic 200300770 PMID 15188402 S2CID 6773754 Andersen JS Lam YW Leung AK Ong SE Lyon CE Lamond AI Mann M January 2005 Nucleolar proteome dynamics Nature 433 7021 77 83 Bibcode 2005Natur 433 77A doi 10 1038 nature03207 PMID 15635413 S2CID 4344740 Huang J Chen XH Wu K Xu P May 2005 Cloning and expression of a novel isoform of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein R NeuroReport 16 7 727 30 doi 10 1097 00001756 200505120 00014 PMID 15858414 S2CID 42006801 Kimura K Wakamatsu A Suzuki Y Ota T Nishikawa T Yamashita R Yamamoto J Sekine M Tsuritani K Wakaguri H Ishii S Sugiyama T Saito K Isono Y Irie R Kushida N Yoneyama T Otsuka R Kanda K Yokoi T Kondo H Wagatsuma M Murakawa K Ishida S Ishibashi T Takahashi Fujii A Tanase T Nagai K Kikuchi H Nakai K Isogai T Sugano S January 2006 Diversification of transcriptional modulation large scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes Genome Research 16 1 55 65 doi 10 1101 gr 4039406 PMC 1356129 PMID 16344560 Ewing RM Chu P Elisma F Li H Taylor P Climie S McBroom Cerajewski L Robinson MD O Connor L Li M Taylor R Dharsee M Ho Y Heilbut A Moore L Zhang S Ornatsky O Bukhman YV Ethier M Sheng Y Vasilescu J Abu Farha M Lambert JP Duewel HS Stewart II Kuehl B Hogue K Colwill K Gladwish K Muskat B Kinach R Adams SL Moran MF Morin GB Topaloglou T Figeys D 2007 Large scale mapping of human protein protein interactions by mass spectrometry Molecular Systems Biology 3 1 89 doi 10 1038 msb4100134 PMC 1847948 PMID 17353931 Szafranski K Schindler S Taudien S Hiller M Huse K Jahn N Schreiber S Backofen R Platzer M 2007 Violating the splicing rules TG dinucleotides function as alternative 3 splice sites in U2 dependent introns Genome Biology 8 8 R154 doi 10 1186 gb 2007 8 8 r154 PMC 2374985 PMID 17672918 External links editHNRNPR human gene location in the UCSC Genome Browser HNRNPR human gene details in the UCSC Genome Browser Overview of all the structural information available in the PDB for UniProt O43390 Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein R at the PDBe KB nbsp This article on a gene on human chromosome 1 is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title HNRNPR amp oldid 1187420824, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
