HMS Tipperary

HMS Tipperary, launched on 5 March 1915, was Royal Navy Faulknor-class destroyer which was sunk in action on 1 June 1916 by the Imperial German Navy at the Battle of Jutland in World War I.

HMS Tipperary
History
United Kingdom
Name	HMS Tipperary
Builder	J. Samuel White, East Cowes
Launched	5 March 1915
Fate	Sunk at Jutland, 1 June 1916
General characteristics
Class and type	Faulknor-class flotilla leader
Displacement	1,700 tons
Length	331 ft (100.9 m)
Beam	32.6 ft (9.9 m)
Draught	11 ft (3.4 m)
Propulsion	6 White-Forster type water-tube boilers, steam turbines, 3 shafts, 30,000 shp
Speed	32 knots
Complement	197
Armament	As built; 6 × 4 in L/40 QF Mark VI, single mounting P Mk. XI 2 × twin tubes for 21 in (530 mm) torpedoes (4 × single in Botha) As rearmed; 2 × BL 4.7 in (120mm) L/45 Mark I, single mounting CP Mk. VI 2 × QF 2-pounder pom-pom Mk. II, single mounting HA Mk. II 2 × 4 in L/40 QF Mark IV, single mounting P Mk. IX 2 × twin tubes for 21-inch torpedoes

War service

Originally ordered by Chile, Tipperary and her sisters were bought by the Royal Navy at the outbreak of World War I. Initially, Tipperary served as the second flotilla leader with the 3rd Destroyer Flotilla in the Harwich Force, arriving there in June 1915.^[1] Late in that same year, she took charge of a detachment of destroyers from the 2nd Flotilla,^[2] while in March 1916, Tipperary had rejoined the Harwich Force, being attached to the Fifth Light Cruiser Squadron.^[3]

For a while during the war she was commanded by Captain (later Admiral) Sir Barry Domvile.^[4]

In May 1916 Tipperary was made the leader of the 4th Flotilla, a formation which directly supported the Grand Fleet.^[5]

Sinking

About 21:58 GMT 31 May 1916 while 4th Destroyer Flotilla was searching for the German High Seas Fleet in the North Sea in the Battle of Jutland she encountered the enemy's 7th Flotilla (destroyers). The Imperial German Naval vessels launched torpedoes at the British ships, none of which hit, and 7th Flotilla then turned away. Nicholas Jellicoe's account states that "Between 23:15 and 23:20 a lookout [on HMS Garland] ... saw what he thought were enemy ships on the starboard quarter".^[6] A few minutes later Tipperary flashed the recognition signal and was immediately lit up by the searchlights of three German battleships and three light cruisers.^[7] From 23:30 to about 23:34 around 150 5.9-inch shells from SMS Westfalen and SMS Nassau were fired at Tipperary; she was badly stricken by this fire, which left her bridge damaged and most of her forward crew casualties, including her commander, Captain Wintour. At about 02:00 GMT 1 June 1916 she was abandoned, and sank in the following hours due to battle damage.^[8] 150 of her crew of 197 were killed in the action, a number of the survivors were rescued from the sea by the Imperial German Navy and transported back to Germany as prisoners of war.

Stoker David Eunson described the sinking: "As we floated away on that awful night, many died of sheer exhaustion and suffering. After drifting for well nigh 5 hours we were picked up at dawn. I saw the Tipperary, a mass of flames, keel over".^[9]

Aftermath

The wrecksite is designated as a protected place under the Protection of Military Remains Act 1986.

Citations

1. "Supplement to the Monthly Navy List showing Organisation of the Fleet, Flag Officers' Commands &c.: II.—Harwich Force". The Navy List: 13. June 1915.
2. "Supplement to the Monthly Navy List showing Organisation of the Fleet, Flag Officers' Commands &c.: I.—The Grand Fleet: Flotillas of the Grand Fleet". The Navy List: 12. November 1915.
3. "Supplement to the Monthly Navy List showing Organisation of the Fleet, Flag Officers' Commands &c.: II.—Harwich Force". The Navy List: 13. March 1916.
4. "Admiral Sir Barry Edward Domvile, K.B.E., C.B., C.M.G. (1878-1971)". www.dumville.org. Retrieved 4 July 2018.
5. "Supplement to the Monthly Navy List showing Organisation of the Fleet, Flag Officers' Commands &c.: I.—The Grand Fleet: Destroyer Flotillas of the Grand Fleet". The Navy List: 12. May 1916.
6. Jellicoe, 239.
7. Jellicoe, 239
8. Jellicoe, 239.
9. "Local newspaper interview with survivor".

Bibliography

• Campbell, John (1998). Jutland: An Analysis of the Fighting. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-750-3.
• Colledge, J. J.; Warlow, Ben (2006) [1969]. Ships of the Royal Navy: The Complete Record of all Fighting Ships of the Royal Navy (Rev. ed.). London: Chatham Publishing. ISBN 978-1-86176-281-8.
• Friedman, Norman (2009). British Destroyers: From Earliest Days to the Second World War. Barnsley, UK: Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84832-049-9.
• Gardiner, Robert & Gray, Randal, eds. (1985). Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-245-5.
• Jellicoe, Nicholas (2016). Jutland: the Unfinished Battle. Barnsley, South Yorkshire: Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84832-321-6.
• March, Edgar J. (1966). British Destroyers: A History of Development, 1892–1953; Drawn by Admiralty Permission From Official Records & Returns, Ships' Covers & Building Plans. London: Seeley Service. OCLC 164893555.
• Massie, Robert K (2003). Castles of Steel: Britain, Germany, and the Winning of the Great War at Sea. Random House. ISBN 0-345-40878-0.
• SI 2008/0950 Designation under the Protection of Military Remains Act 1986

External links

• Battle of Jutland Crew Lists Project - HMS Tipperary Crew List