Hümaşah Sultan (daughter of Şehzade Mehmed)

Hümaşah Sultan^[a] (Ottoman Turkish: هماشاہ سلطان, "phoenix of the Şah"; 1543-1582) was an Ottoman princess, the daughter of Şehzade Mehmed (1521–1543) and the granddaughter of Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent of the Ottoman Empire, and his favourite consort and legal wife Hurrem Sultan.

Hümaşah Sultan
Born	1543 Manisa, Ottoman Empire (present day Manisa, Turkey)
Died	1582 (aged 38–39) Constantinople, Ottoman Empire (present day Istanbul, Turkey)
Burial	Şehzade Mosque, Istanbul
Spouse	Ferhad Pasha ​ ​ (m. 1566; died 1575)​ Lala Kara Mustafa Pasha ​ ​ (m. 1575; died 1580)​ Gazi Mehmed Pasha ​ (m. 1581)​
Issue	see below
Dynasty	Ottoman
Father	Şehzade Mehmed
Mother	Aya Hatun
Religion	Sunni Islam

Life

Early years

Hümaşah Sultan was born in Manisa in 1543,^[1] where her father Şehzade Mehmed, eldest child of Suleiman I and his Haseki and legal wife Hürrem Sultan, served as sanjakbey. She was his only child. Her mother was a concubine, whose name was maybe Aya Hatun.^[2] Following her father's death in 1543, shortly after her own birth, she was taken under the care of her grandmother Hürrem Sultan and moved to Constantinople.^[3]

Like her cousin Ayşe Hümaşah Sultan, daughter of Mihrimah Sultan (younger sister of Hümaşah's father), she was reportedly beloved by their grandfather, Sultan Suleiman I, with whom she kept correspondence.^[4] Hümaşah, her cousin, and her aunt Mihrimah Sultan would all imitate the communication style ushered in by her grandmother Hurrem, whose letters to the Sultan are known for their colourfulness, charm, and smoothness.^[5] In 1563, she gave to her cousin Şehzade Murad (future Sultan Murad III) a concubine who would go on to be Safiye Sultan.^[6][7]

She is regarded by historian Mustafa Çağatay Uluçay as amongst the most influential women of Suleiman's lates years reign.^[8]

Marriages

Hümaşah married three times. Her first husband was Ferhad Pasha.^{[9][10][11][12][13]} He had previously served as second Kapıcıbaşı. In 1553, he became the Agha of the Janissaries. In 1557-8, he was made the governor of Kastamonu Sanjak, and in 1564, he was made the third vizier.^[3] The marriage took place in about 1566/7 in the Old Palace. The then grand vizier, in compliance with the law, walked on foot to the corner of the Old Palace with a scepter in his hand.^[9][10][11]

Their palace was located in the precincts of the Old Palace ^[14] and Bayezid II Mosque.^[3] The two together had fours son and five daughters, including Fatma Sultan^[15] and Hatice Sultan.^[16] Hümaşah was widowed at Ferhad's death on 6 February 1575.^[3]

On 25 August 1575,^[17] six months after the death of Ferhad Pasha, Hümaşah married Lala Kara Mustafa Pasha.^[17][7][13] The two together had one son, Sultanzade Abdülbaki Bey.^[17] She was widowed at his death on 7 August 1580. After his death, Hümaşah married the governor of Shahrizor Eyalet, Mehmed Pasha, the brother of the grand vizier Damat Ibrahim Pasha. He died in August 1581.^[17]

Death

Upon her death, she was buried alongside her father and uncle, Şehzade Cihangir, in Şehzade Mosque.^[18] She had a provision made, supported by vakfs, that is, charitable foundations, so that the Quran would be read for the sake of her soul.^[19][20]

Issue

She had four sons and five daughters by her first marriage with Ferhad Paşa:^[21]

• Fatma Hanımsultan (1567 — 29 June 1588); the eldest child of Hümaşah Sultan. She was married in 1584 to the sanjakbey of Kastamonu Mehmed Bey (died 1586), from whom she had a son, Hacı Pasha, who served as the beylerbey of Manisa.
• Sultanzade Mustafa Mehmed Bey (1569—1593); sanjakbey of Belgrade, calligrapher. He had a son, Suleiman Bey, who died in 1655.
• Sultanzade Osman Bey (1571—1626); sanjakbey of Bolu.
• Sultanzade Ibrahim Bey; died in 1601. He had a son, Mustafa Pasha, governor of Bosnia, who died in 1636.
• Sultanzade Huseyn Bey
• Hatice Hanımsultan
• Three daughters whose name is unknown

She had a son by her second marriage with Lala Kara Mustafa Pasha:

• Sultanzade Abdülbaki Bey,^[21] who married Safiye Hanımsultan, daughter of his mother's cousin Ismihan Sultan (daughter of Sultan Selim II and Nurbanu Sultan)

Annotations

1. According to history professor Leslie P. Peirce, her name was Hüma.^[22]

References

1. Necdet Sakaoğlu (2007). Famous Ottoman Women. Avea. p. 91. ISBN 978-975-7104-77-3.
2. Alderson, Anthony Dolphin (1982). The structure of the Ottoman dynasty (Reprinted ed.). Westport, Conn: Greenwood Press. ISBN 978-0-313-22522-2.
3. Allahverdi 2016, p. 2.
4. Tezcan 2006, p. 31.
5. Sakaoğlu 2008, p. 180.
6. Pedani 2000, p. 11.
7. Sakaoğlu 2008, p. 279.
8. Uluçay 1956, p. 85.
9. Selânik Mustafa Efendi. "Tarih-i Selâniki". Internet Archive. p. 208. Retrieved 2021-05-12.
10. Muammer Yılmaz (2010). Osmanlı'da töre, tören ve alaylar. Türdav. p. 153. ISBN 978-9944-995-47-4.
11. İsmail Hakkı Uzunçarşılı (1984). Osmanlı Devletinin saray teşkilâtı. Türk Tarih Kurumu Basımevi. p. 162.
12. Peçevî, Ibrahim. "Tarih-i Peçevi". Internet Archive. p. 31. Retrieved 2021-05-12.
13. Stephan Gerlach (2007). Türkiye günlüğü. Kitap Yayınevi. p. 315. ISBN 978-975-6051-43-6.
14. Peirce 1993, p. 68.
15. Allahverdi 2016, p. 9.
16. Allahverdi 2016, p. 13.
17. Allahverdi 2016, p. 3.
18. Necipoğlu 2005, p. 200.
19. Allahverdi 2016, p. 1.
20. Rettig, Simon; Farhad, Massumeh; Déroche, François (2016). The Art of the Qurʼan: Treasures from the Museum of Turkish and Islamic Arts. Türk ve İslâm Eserleri Müzesi. Smithsonian Institution. p. 35. ISBN 978-1-58834-578-3.

21. Allahverdi, 2016

    — pp. 3-13

    .
22. Peirce 1993, pp. 67, 68, 69.

Sources

• Allahverdi, Reyhan Şahin (2016). An Orphan Sultan: Foundations of Şehzade Mehmed's Daughter Hümasah Sultan.
• Necipoğlu, Gülru (2005). The Age of Sinan: Architectural Culture in the Ottoman Empire. London: Reaktion Books. ISBN 978-1-86189-253-9.
• Pedani, M. P. (2000). "Safiye's Household and Venetian Diplomacy". Turcica. 32: 9–32. doi:10.2143/TURC.32.0.460.
• Peirce, Leslie Penn (1993). The Imperial Harem: Women and Sovereignty in the Ottoman Empire. Studies in Middle Eastern History. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-507673-8.
• Sakaoğlu, Necdet (2008). Bu mülkün kadın sultanları: Vâlide sultanlar, hâtunlar, hasekiler, kadınefendiler, sultanefendiler. Oğlak Yayıncılık. ISBN 978-9-753-29623-6.
• Tezcan, Hülya (2006). Osmanlı çocukları: şehzadeler ve hanım sultanların yaşlamarı ve giysileri. Istanbul: Aygaz Yayınları. ISBN 978-9-759-83723-5.
• Uluçay, M.Cağatay (1956). Harem'den mektuplar I. Vakit matbaasi. ISBN 978-9-75-437833-7.