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Hôtel Ritz Paris

December 04, 2023

"Hôtel Ritz" redirects here. For other hotels, see Hotel Ritz. For the hotel chain, see Ritz-Carlton. For other uses, see Ritz (disambiguation).

The Ritz Paris is a hotel in central Paris, overlooking the Place Vendôme in the city's 1st arrondissement. A member of the Leading Hotels of the World marketing group, the Ritz Paris is ranked among the most luxurious hotels in the world.

Ritz Paris
General information
TypeHotel
Address15 Place Vendôme
Town or city1st arrondissement, Paris
CountryFrance
Opened1 June 1898
Renovated1987, 2012–16
OwnerTBC
Design and construction
Architect(s)Jules Hardouin Mansart (1705)
Charles Mewès (1897–98)
Bernard Gaucherel (1980–87)
Website
www.ritzparis.com

The hotel was founded in 1898 by the Swiss hotelier César Ritz in collaboration with the French chef Auguste Escoffier. The hotel was constructed behind the façade of an eighteenth-century townhouse. It was among the first hotels in Europe to provide an en suite bathroom, electricity, and a telephone for each room. It quickly established a reputation for luxury and attracted a clientele that included royalty, politicians, writers, film stars, and singers. Several of its suites are named in honour of famous guests of the hotel including Coco Chanel, and the cocktail lounge Bar Hemingway pays tribute to writer Ernest Hemingway.

Beginning in 2012, the 159-room hotel underwent a four-year, multimillion-euro renovation, reopening on 6 June 2016.[1][2] While the hotel has not applied for the 'Palace' distinction from the French ministry of economy, industry and employment,[3] its Suite Impériale has been listed by the French government as a national monument.

Because of its status as a symbol of high society and luxury, the hotel is featured in many notable works of fiction, including novels (F. Scott Fitzgerald's Tender Is The Night and Hemingway's The Sun Also Rises), a play (Noël Coward's play Semi-Monde), and films (Billy Wilder's 1957 comedy Love in the Afternoon and William Wyler's 1966 comedy How to Steal a Million).

Background and history edit

 
César Ritz

The Place Vendôme was started by the Marquis de Louvois and abandoned due to a lack of funds. After Louvois' death the site was bought by king Louis XIV, but finances ran low and the project was bought and completed by John Law.

Lot number 15, Place Vendôme site was purchased in 1705 by Antoine Bitaut de Vaillé, advisor to the Grand Council, nominee of Jeanne Baillet de La Cour, widow of Nicolas Baillet de La Cour and acting on behalf of his daughter Anne. Jeanne bequeathed it in 1710 to her daughter, Anne, wife of Duke Antoine de Gramont. Anne, a chambermaid to the first doctor of Louis XIV, Daquin, then to Louis Sanguin, Marquis de Livry, married the Duke Antoine Charles IV of Gramont who left his name to the hôtel particulier Hôtel de Gramont which was built on the site. In 1721, the Duchesse de Gramont, who had become a widow, sold it to Daniel François de Gelas of Voisin (1686–1762), knight of Amber and count of Lautrec, who lived there for thirty years. It was sold in 1750 to Charles de la Villette, treasurer of the extraordinary wars, who rented it to the Prince of Andorra, Spanish ambassador. From 1775 it belonged to Claude Darras, secretary of the king, and then was occupied from 1788 by the Direction of the liquidation of the public debt and then from 1792 by the Mortgage credit.[4]

The façade was designed by the royal architect Jules Hardouin Mansart. In 1854 it was acquired by the Péreire brothers, who made it the head office of their Crédit Mobilier financial institution.[citation needed]

In 1888, the Swiss hotelier César Ritz and the French chef Auguste Escoffier opened a restaurant in Baden-Baden, and the two were then invited to London by Richard D'Oyly Carte to become the first manager and chef of the Savoy Hotel, positions they held from 1889 until 1897.[5] The Savoy under Ritz was an immediate success, attracting a distinguished and moneyed clientele, headed by the Prince of Wales. In 1897, Ritz and Escoffier were both dismissed from the Savoy, when Ritz was implicated in the disappearance of over £3400 worth of wine and spirits.[6] Before their dismissal, customers at the Savoy had reportedly urged them to open a hotel in Paris.[7] Aided by Alexandre Marnier-Lapostolle, Ritz purchased the palace and transformed the former Hôtel de Gramont building into a 210-room hotel.[7] He stated that his purpose for the hotel was to provide his rich clientele with "all the refinement that a prince could desire in his own home."[8] He engaged the architect Charles Mewès to update the original 1705 structure.[9] Ritz's innovative standards of hygiene demanded a bathroom for every suite, the maximum possible amount of sunlight, and the minimum of curtains and other hangings.[6] At the same time he furnished the hotel with all the old-fashioned appeal of an English or French gentleman's house, in order to make clients feel at home.[6]

The hotel opened on 1 June 1898 to a "glittering reception".[10][11] Together with the culinary talents of his junior partner Escoffier, Ritz made the hotel synonymous with opulence, service, and fine dining, as embodied in the term "ritzy." It immediately became fashionable with Parisian socialites, hosting many prestigious personalities over the years, such as Marcel Proust, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Ernest Hemingway,[12] King Edward VII, and the couturier Coco Chanel, who made the Ritz her home for more than thirty years.[13] Many of the suites in the hotel are named after their famous patrons. Hemingway once said, "When in Paris the only reason not to stay at the Ritz is if you can't afford it".[14]

 
Garden terrace in The dinner in the Hotel Ritz in Paris (1904), by Pierre-Georges Jeanniot

In 1904 and 1908, the Ritz garden café was painted by the Swiss artist, Pierre-Georges Jeanniot. Proust wrote parts of Remembrance of Things Past here from around 1909.[15] The building was extended in 1910, and César Ritz died in 1918, succeeded by his son, Charles Ritz. Queen Marie of Romania stayed at the Ritz Hotel with her two eldest daughters, Elisabeth (of Greece) and Maria (of Yugoslavia) in 1919 while campaigning for Greater Romania at the Paris Peace Conference. Many other prominent royal figures and heads of state slept and dined at the hotel over the years. Edward VII reportedly once got stuck in a too-narrow bathtub with his lover at the hotel.[16] August Escoffier died in 1935.

After the death of Charles Ritz in 1976, the hotel went into a period of slow decline. As it lost its luster, its clientele diminished, and for the first time in its existence, it began to lose money. It was rescued, however, in 1979 by Egyptian businessman, Mohamed Al-Fayed, who purchased the hotel for $20 million and installed a new managing director, Frank Klein. Klein, in turn, put Guy Legay, the former chief of the three-star Ledoyen, in charge of the kitchen.[17] Al-Fayed renovated it completely over several years without stopping its operation; this was achieved by annexing two townhouses, joined by an arcade with many of Paris's leading boutiques.[16] The renovation of the hotel was headed by the architect Bernard Gaucherel from 1980 to 1987. The entire ten-year renovation cost a total of $250 million. The restaurants were given a new look, and a swimming pool, health club, and spas were created in the basement.[17] The Little Bar was renamed the Hemingway Bar. In 1988, the Ritz-Escoffier School of French Gastronomy was established in honour of Auguste Escoffier.[18]

On 1 August 2012, the Ritz closed for the first time in its history for an extensive restoration.[19] It was scheduled to reopen in late 2015, but this date was later changed to March 2016.[20] At 07:00 local time on 19 January 2016, a major fire broke out in the roof of the building. Fifteen fire engines and 60 firefighters responded.[21] The Ritz reopened on 6 June 2016 after a major four-year, multimillion-dollar renovation.[22]

In the 21st century, the Ritz is ranked among the most luxurious hotels in the world and the most expensive in Paris.[15][23][24] It is referred to by some[who?] as the best hotel in Europe and one of the world's most famous hotels.[16][25][26] It is one of "The Leading Hotels of the World".[27]

 
Place Vendôme Entrance in 2009

Noteworthy historical occurrences edit

During the summer of 1940, the Luftwaffe, the air forces of Nazi Germany during the Second World War, set up their headquarters at the Ritz, with their chief Hermann Göring.[28]

Ernest Hemingway, who stayed at the hotel many times after World War II, was there when he learned his third wife, Martha Gellhorn, wanted a divorce. He reacted to the news by throwing her photo into a Ritz toilet and then shooting the photo and the toilet with his pistol.[29]

On 22 April 1955, the Duke and Duchess of Parma hosted a coming out ball for their daughter, Princess Cécile Marie of Bourbon-Parma, at the hotel.[citation needed] On 31 August 1997, Diana, Princess of Wales, and Al-Fayed's son Dodi Al-Fayed, and their chauffeur Henri Paul, dined in the Imperial Suite of the hotel before leaving the hotel with bodyguard Trevor Rees-Jones, only to have a fatal car accident in the Pont de l'Alma underpass.[30] During 10 January 2018 five men stole millions of euros worth of jewellery from within the hotel, three were subsequently caught before escaping.[31]

Architecture edit

 
Hôtel Ritz Paris, looking north

The palace and the square are masterpieces of classical architecture from the end of the reign of Louis XIV. The façade was designed by the royal architect Mansart in the late 17th century before the plot was bought and construction began in 1705. The Hôtel Ritz comprises the Vendôme and the Cambon buildings with rooms overlooking the Place Vendôme, and, on the opposite side, the hotel's garden.[citation needed]

The Ritz was among the first hotels in Europe to provide a bathroom en suite, a telephone and electricity for each room.[14][32] The Hôtel Ritz Paris is 4 floors high, including the mansard roof, and as of 2011 offers 159 rooms,[16] a two-Michelin-starred restaurant, two bars and a casual dining restaurant.

Rooms and suites edit

 
Bath/shower and peach-coloured towel

In the 1970s a travel publication Holiday wrote, "Practically every royal head of state has snoozed under down quilts on the finest linen sheets, beneath fifteen-foot-high (4.6 m) ceilings in rooms looking out, through huge double windows, on the elegant Place Vendôme."[33] Frommer's, which calls the Ritz "Europe's greatest hotel", describes the furnishings as follows: "The public salons are furnished with museum-calibre antiques. Each guest room is uniquely decorated, most with Louis XIV or Louis XV reproductions; all have fine rugs, marble fireplaces, tapestries, brass beds, and more. Ever since Edward VII got stuck in a too-narrow bathtub with his lover, the tubs at the Ritz have been deep and big."[16] The bathrooms contain unique golden swan taps, and peach-coloured towels and robes, believed to be more flattering than white to a woman's complexion.[34]

The Ritz may be the most expensive hotel in Paris,[24] employing a staff of over 600,[34] the rooms in 2011 started at €850 a night.[35] Suites start at €3,650[36] and up to €20,000 a night for the most lavish ones (Suite Impériale being the most expensive).[37] These finest suites are known as the "Prestige suites", ten in total, which according to the Ritz are "a world for aesthetes where 18th century panelling echoes allegorical ceilings, old masters and priceless antique furniture. Each suite is unique and each seems to still breathe the spirit of the illustrious guests who once stayed there."[38] The Vendôme Suite is one of the most spacious of the hotel, containing Louis XIV furnishings, with a red and ivory theme and grand windows overlooking the square.[39] The César Ritz Suite overlooks the square and contains Louis XV furniture and a portrait of Ritz himself. The room is decorated in shades of green and light yellow with a canopied bed in one room and silk floral pattern in the second.[40] The doors of the sitting room of the suite are edged in gold leaf.[40] The Elton John Suite, decorated in strawberry pink and cream, contains two bedrooms, a thick pink carpet and attic windows.[41] John reportedly hired the entire floor for his 42nd birthday.[42] The Windsor Suite contains tapestries and gilded mouldings and portraits of the Duke (Edward VIII) and Duchess of Windsor. They are decorated with Louis XVI furniture and colours such as almond green, salmon and pearl grey.[43] The master bedroom is decorated in pearl grey in a shade which the Ritz calls "Wallis blue", a favourite of Wallis, Duchess of Windsor.[43] The 1,670-square-foot (155 m2) Coco Chanel Suite where Coco Chanel lived for some 35 years consists of two bedrooms and a living room and features Coromandel lacquers, Chinese furniture, baroque mirrors and oversized sofas with quilting created by Grande Mademoiselle.[38]

Imperial Suite edit

The Imperial Suite (Suite Impériale) is the finest suite of the hotel and is listed as a National Monument of France in its own right.[44] The Imperial Suite is located on the first floor and consists of two bedrooms, a grand salon, and a dining room. The suite features 6-metre-high (20 ft) ceilings,[45] great chandeliers and windows overlooking the Place Vendôme, a massive long gold framed Baroque mirror between the windows, red and gold upholstery and a four-poster bed said to be identical to that in Marie Antoinette's bedroom in the Palace of Versailles.[44] The other bedroom is in the style of Louis XVI, with a baldachin bed and columns.[45] The suite is lavishly decorated in French art, bas-reliefs and 18th-century paneling which is protected under the suite's historic monument status. The bathroom is a former boudoir overlooking the Vendôme garden, with 18th-century paneling and a Jacuzzi bath and steam-bath shower, and has its own plasma television and cosmetics fridge.[45] As well as facilities such as a DVD player, high-speed internet, and fax, the suite features a Porsche Design kitchenette with Chroma knives[46] near the salon and has its own small personal wine cellar filled with a variety of French wines.[45] Over the years the suite has hosted some of the world's most prestigious guests from the Shah of Iran to George H. W. Bush. The suite was Hermann Göring's choice of residence during the Second World War and it was where Diana, Princess of Wales, and Dodi Al-Fayed ate their last meal. The World Travel Awards of 2007 selected the Imperial Suite as "Europe's Leading Suite".[47]

Restaurant and bars edit

L'Espadon edit

Although there was necessarily a hotel restaurant from the inception of the Ritz, the current hotel restaurant, L'Espadon (The Swordfish) was established in 1956 by Charles Ritz.[48] He was a keen fishing enthusiast so named the restaurant after a fish.[49] The restaurant is inspired by the legendary first chef of the hotel, Auguste Escoffier, serving "traditional French culinary style with contemporary overtones".[49] The cuisine was by the award-winning chef Michel Roth, the ninth head chef of the hotel; the restaurant was awarded a second star by the 2009 edition of the influential Michelin Red Guide.[14][50] He was the executive chef of the restaurant until its closing on 1 August 2012 for a complete renovation. The head chef was formerly Guy Legay, cited as one of Paris's greatest chefs,[51] who had served from at least 1986 to beyond 1999.[52][53] In 1999, Esquire magazine wrote, "the dining room, L'Espadon, down the long corridor of mirrors and display cases, has a glittering Regency formality that seems to swirl around you, and it's easy enough to imagine Hemingway sitting down with Dietrich to a dish of chef Guy Legay's buttery scrambled eggs..."[53] The restaurant decor is described as "opulent with trompe l’oeil ceilings, swagged drapes, and views into the garden."[34] The courtyard garden is rich in greenery and contains several statues and a fountain.[34] The hotel hires five or so florists to provide fresh flowers.[34]

Bars edit

 
 
Bar Hemingway

The hotel has several bars, namely the Ritz Bar, Bar Vendôme, Bar Hemingway and the Pool Bar. The Ritz Bar, just inside the Rue Cambon entrance on the left, gained a reputation over the years for its glamorous cocktail parties and the unique bartending skills of Frank Meier, a head barman from 1921 until his death in 1947.[54] One of his best-known cocktails was the potent "Rainbow", consisting of anisette, mint, yellow chartreuse, cherry brandy, kümmel, green chartreuse and cognac.[54] The Ritz Bar is designed in the Victorian style with red-velvet armchairs and bar furnishings, a marble fireplace and historic portraits.[55] The Ritz Bar may have been the world's first hotel bar.[17]

Bar Hemingway was the favorite bar of Ernest Hemingway and is said by some[who?] to be the birthplace of the Bloody Mary cocktail which was invented for him.[14] However, the claim is disputed as Fernand Petiot claimed to have invented the drink in 1921 while working at Harry's New York Bar, a frequent Paris hangout for Hemingway and other American expatriates, rather than in the bar in the Ritz itself.[56] The bar has been restored to its original appearance, with rich wood paneling and leather upholstery and has 25 original photographs on the walls taken by the author of places and people that inspired him.

Bar Vendôme is very popular with wealthy Parisians for afternoon tea and contains wood furnishings and a grand piano.[57] During the summer months the doors are opened out onto the garden and terrace.

Ritz-Escoffier School edit

 
The hotel at night, looking west

The Ritz-Escoffier School of French Gastronomy was established in 1988 in honour of Auguste Escoffier.[18] The ethos of the school is based on Escoffier's words, "Good cuisine is the foundation of true happiness." This school is accessed through an entrance in the back of the hotel and offers training courses and workshops for amateur and professional cooks.[58][59]

Pool and spa edit

The Ritz Health Club contains a swimming pool, the largest in all of the Parisian hotel palaces and billed by the Ritz as "the finest indoor pool in Paris".[50][60] The pool's construction was inspired by the baths of Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome and features reliefs on the ceilings and jet streams and underwater sounds in the pool. The health club boasts of 1,700 square metres (18,000 sq ft) of "hi-tech facilities" and offers a range of health treatments, from reflexology to Swedish massage and shiatsu.[61]

In fiction edit

Because of its status as a symbol of wealth and luxury, the hotel has featured in many notable works of fiction.

Novels and plays edit

Many novels of the Lost Generation feature scenes in the Ritz, such as F. Scott Fitzgerald's Tender Is The Night and Ernest Hemingway's The Sun Also Rises. Noël Coward's play Semi-Monde is perhaps the most notable work covering the hotel in detail, following the escapades of an extravagant, promiscuous fictional Paris elite between 1924 and 1926.[62] In the Bret Easton Ellis novel Glamorama, a group of supermodels turned terrorists plant a home-made bomb in the Ritz, resulting in its destruction.[63] In The Da Vinci Code, the protagonist, Robert Langdon, stays at the hotel while in Paris, as do Andrea Sachs and Miranda Priestly in Lauren Weisberger's The Devil Wears Prada.[64][65] The final chapter of Ian Fleming's James Bond novel From Russia, with Love is set at the hotel. The villain, Rosa Klebb, stays in room 204 and engages in a battle with Bond which results in her death.[66] In Julian Fellowes' novel Snobs (2004), those attending Earl Broughton's pre-marriage bachelor party are accommodated at the Ritz.

Cinema edit

The hotel has featured in several films, three of which starred Audrey Hepburn. In Stanley Donen's 1957 film Funny Face, Kay Thompson dances in the Ritz's entry driveway and in front of the hotel, accompanied by a group of dancers dressed as Ritz bellhops during the Bonjour, Paris! number. In Billy Wilder's 1957 comedy Love in the Afternoon, Hepburn initiates her romance with Gary Cooper in his suite in the hotel and much of the film is set there. The hotel is again seen in the 1966 movie How to Steal a Million, with a romantic scene between Hepburn and Peter O'Toole in the hotel's bar in which Hepburn wears an iconic Givenchy black lace eye mask and matching cocktail dress.[23][67] In the Indian film Jhoom Barabar Jhoom, Abhishek Bachchan meets his fictional love (played by Lara Dutta) at Hotel Ritz.[68]

See also edit

References edit

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External links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Hôtel Ritz Paris.
  • Hotel website
  • Interview with Colin Field, leading mixologist and head barman of the Ritz's Hemingway Bar
  • Paris Ritz To Close Doors For Two Years

48°52′04″N 2°19′43″E / 48.86778°N 2.32861°E / 48.86778; 2.32861

December 04, 2023
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Hotel Ritz redirects here For other hotels see Hotel Ritz For the hotel chain see Ritz Carlton For other uses see Ritz disambiguation The Ritz Paris is a hotel in central Paris overlooking the Place Vendome in the city s 1st arrondissement A member of the Leading Hotels of the World marketing group the Ritz Paris is ranked among the most luxurious hotels in the world Ritz ParisGeneral informationTypeHotelAddress15 Place VendomeTown or city1st arrondissement ParisCountryFranceOpened1 June 1898Renovated1987 2012 16OwnerTBCDesign and constructionArchitect s Jules Hardouin Mansart 1705 Charles Mewes 1897 98 Bernard Gaucherel 1980 87 Websitewww wbr ritzparis wbr comThe hotel was founded in 1898 by the Swiss hotelier Cesar Ritz in collaboration with the French chef Auguste Escoffier The hotel was constructed behind the facade of an eighteenth century townhouse It was among the first hotels in Europe to provide an en suite bathroom electricity and a telephone for each room It quickly established a reputation for luxury and attracted a clientele that included royalty politicians writers film stars and singers Several of its suites are named in honour of famous guests of the hotel including Coco Chanel and the cocktail lounge Bar Hemingway pays tribute to writer Ernest Hemingway Beginning in 2012 the 159 room hotel underwent a four year multimillion euro renovation reopening on 6 June 2016 1 2 While the hotel has not applied for the Palace distinction from the French ministry of economy industry and employment 3 its Suite Imperiale has been listed by the French government as a national monument Because of its status as a symbol of high society and luxury the hotel is featured in many notable works of fiction including novels F Scott Fitzgerald s Tender Is The Night and Hemingway s The Sun Also Rises a play Noel Coward s play Semi Monde and films Billy Wilder s 1957 comedy Love in the Afternoon and William Wyler s 1966 comedy How to Steal a Million Contents 1 Background and history 2 Noteworthy historical occurrences 3 Architecture 3 1 Rooms and suites 3 1 1 Imperial Suite 3 2 Restaurant and bars 3 2 1 L Espadon 3 2 2 Bars 3 3 Ritz Escoffier School 4 Pool and spa 5 In fiction 5 1 Novels and plays 5 2 Cinema 6 See also 7 References 8 External linksBackground and history edit nbsp Cesar RitzThe Place Vendome was started by the Marquis de Louvois and abandoned due to a lack of funds After Louvois death the site was bought by king Louis XIV but finances ran low and the project was bought and completed by John Law Lot number 15 Place Vendome site was purchased in 1705 by Antoine Bitaut de Vaille advisor to the Grand Council nominee of Jeanne Baillet de La Cour widow of Nicolas Baillet de La Cour and acting on behalf of his daughter Anne Jeanne bequeathed it in 1710 to her daughter Anne wife of Duke Antoine de Gramont Anne a chambermaid to the first doctor of Louis XIV Daquin then to Louis Sanguin Marquis de Livry married the Duke Antoine Charles IV of Gramont who left his name to the hotel particulier Hotel de Gramont which was built on the site In 1721 the Duchesse de Gramont who had become a widow sold it to Daniel Francois de Gelas of Voisin 1686 1762 knight of Amber and count of Lautrec who lived there for thirty years It was sold in 1750 to Charles de la Villette treasurer of the extraordinary wars who rented it to the Prince of Andorra Spanish ambassador From 1775 it belonged to Claude Darras secretary of the king and then was occupied from 1788 by the Direction of the liquidation of the public debt and then from 1792 by the Mortgage credit 4 The facade was designed by the royal architect Jules Hardouin Mansart In 1854 it was acquired by the Pereire brothers who made it the head office of their Credit Mobilier financial institution citation needed In 1888 the Swiss hotelier Cesar Ritz and the French chef Auguste Escoffier opened a restaurant in Baden Baden and the two were then invited to London by Richard D Oyly Carte to become the first manager and chef of the Savoy Hotel positions they held from 1889 until 1897 5 The Savoy under Ritz was an immediate success attracting a distinguished and moneyed clientele headed by the Prince of Wales In 1897 Ritz and Escoffier were both dismissed from the Savoy when Ritz was implicated in the disappearance of over 3400 worth of wine and spirits 6 Before their dismissal customers at the Savoy had reportedly urged them to open a hotel in Paris 7 Aided by Alexandre Marnier Lapostolle Ritz purchased the palace and transformed the former Hotel de Gramont building into a 210 room hotel 7 He stated that his purpose for the hotel was to provide his rich clientele with all the refinement that a prince could desire in his own home 8 He engaged the architect Charles Mewes to update the original 1705 structure 9 Ritz s innovative standards of hygiene demanded a bathroom for every suite the maximum possible amount of sunlight and the minimum of curtains and other hangings 6 At the same time he furnished the hotel with all the old fashioned appeal of an English or French gentleman s house in order to make clients feel at home 6 The hotel opened on 1 June 1898 to a glittering reception 10 11 Together with the culinary talents of his junior partner Escoffier Ritz made the hotel synonymous with opulence service and fine dining as embodied in the term ritzy It immediately became fashionable with Parisian socialites hosting many prestigious personalities over the years such as Marcel Proust F Scott Fitzgerald Ernest Hemingway 12 King Edward VII and the couturier Coco Chanel who made the Ritz her home for more than thirty years 13 Many of the suites in the hotel are named after their famous patrons Hemingway once said When in Paris the only reason not to stay at the Ritz is if you can t afford it 14 nbsp Garden terrace in The dinner in the Hotel Ritz in Paris 1904 by Pierre Georges JeanniotIn 1904 and 1908 the Ritz garden cafe was painted by the Swiss artist Pierre Georges Jeanniot Proust wrote parts of Remembrance of Things Past here from around 1909 15 The building was extended in 1910 and Cesar Ritz died in 1918 succeeded by his son Charles Ritz Queen Marie of Romania stayed at the Ritz Hotel with her two eldest daughters Elisabeth of Greece and Maria of Yugoslavia in 1919 while campaigning for Greater Romania at the Paris Peace Conference Many other prominent royal figures and heads of state slept and dined at the hotel over the years Edward VII reportedly once got stuck in a too narrow bathtub with his lover at the hotel 16 August Escoffier died in 1935 After the death of Charles Ritz in 1976 the hotel went into a period of slow decline As it lost its luster its clientele diminished and for the first time in its existence it began to lose money It was rescued however in 1979 by Egyptian businessman Mohamed Al Fayed who purchased the hotel for 20 million and installed a new managing director Frank Klein Klein in turn put Guy Legay the former chief of the three star Ledoyen in charge of the kitchen 17 Al Fayed renovated it completely over several years without stopping its operation this was achieved by annexing two townhouses joined by an arcade with many of Paris s leading boutiques 16 The renovation of the hotel was headed by the architect Bernard Gaucherel from 1980 to 1987 The entire ten year renovation cost a total of 250 million The restaurants were given a new look and a swimming pool health club and spas were created in the basement 17 The Little Bar was renamed the Hemingway Bar In 1988 the Ritz Escoffier School of French Gastronomy was established in honour of Auguste Escoffier 18 On 1 August 2012 the Ritz closed for the first time in its history for an extensive restoration 19 It was scheduled to reopen in late 2015 but this date was later changed to March 2016 20 At 07 00 local time on 19 January 2016 a major fire broke out in the roof of the building Fifteen fire engines and 60 firefighters responded 21 The Ritz reopened on 6 June 2016 after a major four year multimillion dollar renovation 22 In the 21st century the Ritz is ranked among the most luxurious hotels in the world and the most expensive in Paris 15 23 24 It is referred to by some who as the best hotel in Europe and one of the world s most famous hotels 16 25 26 It is one of The Leading Hotels of the World 27 nbsp Place Vendome Entrance in 2009Noteworthy historical occurrences editDuring the summer of 1940 the Luftwaffe the air forces of Nazi Germany during the Second World War set up their headquarters at the Ritz with their chief Hermann Goring 28 Ernest Hemingway who stayed at the hotel many times after World War II was there when he learned his third wife Martha Gellhorn wanted a divorce He reacted to the news by throwing her photo into a Ritz toilet and then shooting the photo and the toilet with his pistol 29 On 22 April 1955 the Duke and Duchess of Parma hosted a coming out ball for their daughter Princess Cecile Marie of Bourbon Parma at the hotel citation needed On 31 August 1997 Diana Princess of Wales and Al Fayed s son Dodi Al Fayed and their chauffeur Henri Paul dined in the Imperial Suite of the hotel before leaving the hotel with bodyguard Trevor Rees Jones only to have a fatal car accident in the Pont de l Alma underpass 30 During 10 January 2018 five men stole millions of euros worth of jewellery from within the hotel three were subsequently caught before escaping 31 Architecture edit nbsp Hotel Ritz Paris looking northThe palace and the square are masterpieces of classical architecture from the end of the reign of Louis XIV The facade was designed by the royal architect Mansart in the late 17th century before the plot was bought and construction began in 1705 The Hotel Ritz comprises the Vendome and the Cambon buildings with rooms overlooking the Place Vendome and on the opposite side the hotel s garden citation needed The Ritz was among the first hotels in Europe to provide a bathroom en suite a telephone and electricity for each room 14 32 The Hotel Ritz Paris is 4 floors high including the mansard roof and as of 2011 offers 159 rooms 16 a two Michelin starred restaurant two bars and a casual dining restaurant Rooms and suites edit nbsp Bath shower and peach coloured towelIn the 1970s a travel publication Holiday wrote Practically every royal head of state has snoozed under down quilts on the finest linen sheets beneath fifteen foot high 4 6 m ceilings in rooms looking out through huge double windows on the elegant Place Vendome 33 Frommer s which calls the Ritz Europe s greatest hotel describes the furnishings as follows The public salons are furnished with museum calibre antiques Each guest room is uniquely decorated most with Louis XIV or Louis XV reproductions all have fine rugs marble fireplaces tapestries brass beds and more Ever since Edward VII got stuck in a too narrow bathtub with his lover the tubs at the Ritz have been deep and big 16 The bathrooms contain unique golden swan taps and peach coloured towels and robes believed to be more flattering than white to a woman s complexion 34 The Ritz may be the most expensive hotel in Paris 24 employing a staff of over 600 34 the rooms in 2011 started at 850 a night 35 Suites start at 3 650 36 and up to 20 000 a night for the most lavish ones Suite Imperiale being the most expensive 37 These finest suites are known as the Prestige suites ten in total which according to the Ritz are a world for aesthetes where 18th century panelling echoes allegorical ceilings old masters and priceless antique furniture Each suite is unique and each seems to still breathe the spirit of the illustrious guests who once stayed there 38 The Vendome Suite is one of the most spacious of the hotel containing Louis XIV furnishings with a red and ivory theme and grand windows overlooking the square 39 The Cesar Ritz Suite overlooks the square and contains Louis XV furniture and a portrait of Ritz himself The room is decorated in shades of green and light yellow with a canopied bed in one room and silk floral pattern in the second 40 The doors of the sitting room of the suite are edged in gold leaf 40 The Elton John Suite decorated in strawberry pink and cream contains two bedrooms a thick pink carpet and attic windows 41 John reportedly hired the entire floor for his 42nd birthday 42 The Windsor Suite contains tapestries and gilded mouldings and portraits of the Duke Edward VIII and Duchess of Windsor They are decorated with Louis XVI furniture and colours such as almond green salmon and pearl grey 43 The master bedroom is decorated in pearl grey in a shade which the Ritz calls Wallis blue a favourite of Wallis Duchess of Windsor 43 The 1 670 square foot 155 m2 Coco Chanel Suite where Coco Chanel lived for some 35 years consists of two bedrooms and a living room and features Coromandel lacquers Chinese furniture baroque mirrors and oversized sofas with quilting created by Grande Mademoiselle 38 Imperial Suite edit The Imperial Suite Suite Imperiale is the finest suite of the hotel and is listed as a National Monument of France in its own right 44 The Imperial Suite is located on the first floor and consists of two bedrooms a grand salon and a dining room The suite features 6 metre high 20 ft ceilings 45 great chandeliers and windows overlooking the Place Vendome a massive long gold framed Baroque mirror between the windows red and gold upholstery and a four poster bed said to be identical to that in Marie Antoinette s bedroom in the Palace of Versailles 44 The other bedroom is in the style of Louis XVI with a baldachin bed and columns 45 The suite is lavishly decorated in French art bas reliefs and 18th century paneling which is protected under the suite s historic monument status The bathroom is a former boudoir overlooking the Vendome garden with 18th century paneling and a Jacuzzi bath and steam bath shower and has its own plasma television and cosmetics fridge 45 As well as facilities such as a DVD player high speed internet and fax the suite features a Porsche Design kitchenette with Chroma knives 46 near the salon and has its own small personal wine cellar filled with a variety of French wines 45 Over the years the suite has hosted some of the world s most prestigious guests from the Shah of Iran to George H W Bush The suite was Hermann Goring s choice of residence during the Second World War and it was where Diana Princess of Wales and Dodi Al Fayed ate their last meal The World Travel Awards of 2007 selected the Imperial Suite as Europe s Leading Suite 47 Restaurant and bars edit L Espadon edit Although there was necessarily a hotel restaurant from the inception of the Ritz the current hotel restaurant L Espadon The Swordfish was established in 1956 by Charles Ritz 48 He was a keen fishing enthusiast so named the restaurant after a fish 49 The restaurant is inspired by the legendary first chef of the hotel Auguste Escoffier serving traditional French culinary style with contemporary overtones 49 The cuisine was by the award winning chef Michel Roth the ninth head chef of the hotel the restaurant was awarded a second star by the 2009 edition of the influential Michelin Red Guide 14 50 He was the executive chef of the restaurant until its closing on 1 August 2012 for a complete renovation The head chef was formerly Guy Legay cited as one of Paris s greatest chefs 51 who had served from at least 1986 to beyond 1999 52 53 In 1999 Esquire magazine wrote the dining room L Espadon down the long corridor of mirrors and display cases has a glittering Regency formality that seems to swirl around you and it s easy enough to imagine Hemingway sitting down with Dietrich to a dish of chef Guy Legay s buttery scrambled eggs 53 The restaurant decor is described as opulent with trompe l oeil ceilings swagged drapes and views into the garden 34 The courtyard garden is rich in greenery and contains several statues and a fountain 34 The hotel hires five or so florists to provide fresh flowers 34 Bars edit nbsp nbsp Bar Hemingway The hotel has several bars namely the Ritz Bar Bar Vendome Bar Hemingway and the Pool Bar The Ritz Bar just inside the Rue Cambon entrance on the left gained a reputation over the years for its glamorous cocktail parties and the unique bartending skills of Frank Meier a head barman from 1921 until his death in 1947 54 One of his best known cocktails was the potent Rainbow consisting of anisette mint yellow chartreuse cherry brandy kummel green chartreuse and cognac 54 The Ritz Bar is designed in the Victorian style with red velvet armchairs and bar furnishings a marble fireplace and historic portraits 55 The Ritz Bar may have been the world s first hotel bar 17 Bar Hemingway was the favorite bar of Ernest Hemingway and is said by some who to be the birthplace of the Bloody Mary cocktail which was invented for him 14 However the claim is disputed as Fernand Petiot claimed to have invented the drink in 1921 while working at Harry s New York Bar a frequent Paris hangout for Hemingway and other American expatriates rather than in the bar in the Ritz itself 56 The bar has been restored to its original appearance with rich wood paneling and leather upholstery and has 25 original photographs on the walls taken by the author of places and people that inspired him Bar Vendome is very popular with wealthy Parisians for afternoon tea and contains wood furnishings and a grand piano 57 During the summer months the doors are opened out onto the garden and terrace Ritz Escoffier School edit nbsp The hotel at night looking westThe Ritz Escoffier School of French Gastronomy was established in 1988 in honour of Auguste Escoffier 18 The ethos of the school is based on Escoffier s words Good cuisine is the foundation of true happiness This school is accessed through an entrance in the back of the hotel and offers training courses and workshops for amateur and professional cooks 58 59 Pool and spa editThe Ritz Health Club contains a swimming pool the largest in all of the Parisian hotel palaces and billed by the Ritz as the finest indoor pool in Paris 50 60 The pool s construction was inspired by the baths of Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome and features reliefs on the ceilings and jet streams and underwater sounds in the pool The health club boasts of 1 700 square metres 18 000 sq ft of hi tech facilities and offers a range of health treatments from reflexology to Swedish massage and shiatsu 61 In fiction editBecause of its status as a symbol of wealth and luxury the hotel has featured in many notable works of fiction Novels and plays edit Many novels of the Lost Generation feature scenes in the Ritz such as F Scott Fitzgerald s Tender Is The Night and Ernest Hemingway s The Sun Also Rises Noel Coward s play Semi Monde is perhaps the most notable work covering the hotel in detail following the escapades of an extravagant promiscuous fictional Paris elite between 1924 and 1926 62 In the Bret Easton Ellis novel Glamorama a group of supermodels turned terrorists plant a home made bomb in the Ritz resulting in its destruction 63 In The Da Vinci Code the protagonist Robert Langdon stays at the hotel while in Paris as do Andrea Sachs and Miranda Priestly in Lauren Weisberger s The Devil Wears Prada 64 65 The final chapter of Ian Fleming s James Bond novel From Russia with Love is set at the hotel The villain Rosa Klebb stays in room 204 and engages in a battle with Bond which results in her death 66 In Julian Fellowes novel Snobs 2004 those attending Earl Broughton s pre marriage bachelor party are accommodated at the Ritz Cinema edit The hotel has featured in several films three of which starred Audrey Hepburn In Stanley Donen s 1957 film Funny Face Kay Thompson dances in the Ritz s entry driveway and in front of the hotel accompanied by a group of dancers dressed as Ritz bellhops during the Bonjour Paris number In Billy Wilder s 1957 comedy Love in the Afternoon Hepburn initiates her romance with Gary Cooper in his suite in the hotel and much of the film is set there The hotel is again seen in the 1966 movie How to Steal a Million with a romantic scene between Hepburn and Peter O Toole in the hotel s bar in which Hepburn wears an iconic Givenchy black lace eye mask and matching cocktail dress 23 67 In the Indian film Jhoom Barabar Jhoom Abhishek Bachchan meets his fictional love played by Lara Dutta at Hotel Ritz 68 See also editRitz Carlton hotel chain The Ritz London Hotel opened 8 years after the Paris property Ritz disambiguation for other uses The Leading Hotels of the World Colin Peter Field head bartender of the Hemingway Bar at Hotel Ritz ParisReferences edit The new superstar hotels of Paris Archived from the original on 22 October 2017 Retrieved 2 February 2016 Ritz Paris Paris France The Leading Hotels of the World A List of Grand Luxury Hotels in Paris with the Palace Status Deluxe Confidential 1 October 2018 Retrieved 12 October 2020 The Gramont Hotel Paristoric com Archived from the original on 13 July 2022 Retrieved 29 May 2019 Ashburner F Escoffier Georges Auguste 1846 1935 Oxford Dictionary of National Biography Oxford University Press 2004 online edition May 2006 Retrieved 17 September 2009 a b c Brigid Allen Ritz Cesar Jean 1850 1918 Oxford Dictionary of National Biography Oxford University Press 2004 online edn May 2006 accessed 3 July 2012 a b Michelli Joseph 13 June 2008 The New Gold Standard 5 Leadership Principles for Creating a Legendary Customer Experience Courtesy of the Ritz Carlton Hotel Company McGraw Hill Professional p 3 ISBN 978 0 07 154833 5 Retrieved 20 May 2011 Magi Giovanna 1978 All Paris Casa Editrice Bonechi p 33 ISBN 978 88 7009 191 5 Gray Alexander Stuart Breach Jean Breach Nicholas January 1986 Edwardian architecture a biographical dictionary University of Iowa Press p 259 ISBN 978 0 87745 136 5 Retrieved 20 May 2011 Ryersson Scot D Yaccarino Michael Orlando 2004 Infinite variety the life and legend of the Marchesa Casati U of Minnesota Press p 25 ISBN 978 0 8166 4520 6 Metzelthin Pearl Violette Newfield 1981 Gourmet Conde Nast Publications Retrieved 20 May 2011 Yenin Andrey 22 March 2015 Hemingway in Paris a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a Cite journal requires journal help Hotel Ritz Paris Hotel de luxe 5 etoiles Paris Hotel Place Vendome Ritz Paris Archived from the original on 28 September 2013 Retrieved 23 September 2014 a b c d MacDonell Nancy 2008 In the Know Hardie Grant Publishing p 195 ISBN 978 1 74066 641 1 a b Prince Danforth Porter Darwin 2010 Frommer s France 2011 Frommer s p 7 ISBN 978 0 470 61438 9 a b c d e Porter Darwin Prince Danforth 21 September 2010 Frommer s Paris 2011 Frommer s p 111 ISBN 978 0 470 61441 9 Retrieved 20 May 2011 a b c Hotchner A E 21 June 2012 As the Paris Ritz Shutters Remembering Its Mysteries Misbehaviors and Unhurried Luxuries Vanity Fair 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7881 0 Directory of Hotel and Motel Companies American Hotel Association Directory Corp 1994 p 10 Retrieved 20 May 2011 Mitcham Samuel W 2008 The rise of the Wehrmacht the German armed forces and World War II ABC CLIO p 371 ISBN 978 0 275 99659 8 Paris hotel still puttin on the Ritz Lawrence Journal World 25 October 1993 p 7D Retrieved 17 March 2015 Solomon Michael 15 June 2016 Luxury Lineage A Brief History of the Ritz Paris Forbes Retrieved 12 October 2016 Braquage au Ritz la totalite du butin retrouvee 3 suspects deferes Heist at the Ritz all the loot found 3 suspects charged Le Point 12 January 2018 Retrieved 30 September 2021 Denby Elaine 2004 Grand Hotels Reality and Illusion Reaktion Books p 122 ISBN 978 1 86189 121 1 Holiday Curtis February 1977 p 8 Retrieved 20 May 2011 a b c d e Hotel Ritz Paris Escapes Retrieved 20 May 2011 Prestations et Tarifs in French Hotel Ritz Paris Archived from the original on 26 May 2011 Retrieved 20 May 2011 Prestations et Tarifs in French Hotel Ritz Paris Archived from the original on 26 May 2011 Retrieved 20 May 2011 Prestations et Tarifs in French Hotel Ritz Paris Archived from the original on 26 May 2011 Retrieved 20 May 2011 a b Coco Chanel Suite in French Hotel Ritz Paris Archived from the original on 26 May 2011 Retrieved 20 May 2011 Vendome Hotel Ritz Paris Archived from the original on 7 August 2011 Retrieved 20 May 2011 a b Cesar Ritz Hotel Ritz Paris Archived from the original on 14 November 2008 Retrieved 20 May 2011 Elton John Hotel Ritz Paris Archived from the original on 13 November 2008 Retrieved 20 May 2011 Badman Keith 27 October 2009 The Beatles Diary Volume 2 After The Break Up Music Sales Limited p 421 ISBN 978 0 85712 001 4 Retrieved 20 May 2011 a b Windsor Hotel Ritz Paris Archived from the original on 13 November 2008 Retrieved 20 May 2011 a b Imperial Hotel Ritz Paris Archived from the original on 7 August 2011 Retrieved 20 May 2011 a b c d The Ritz Paris PDF Leaders Magazine 33 2 158 April 2010 Archived from the original PDF on 24 June 2011 Retrieved 20 May 2011 Imperial Suite Hotel Ritz Paris CHROMA Cnife Europe s Leading Suite 2007 World Travel Awards Archived from the original on 20 January 2011 Retrieved 20 May 2011 Realites Realites Monthly Magazine 1956 Retrieved 20 May 2011 a b L Espadon Grand Luxury Hotels Archived from the original on 28 May 2011 Retrieved 20 May 2011 a b Rodwell Edward Quintessentially Reserve 2010 Quintessentially Publishing p 153 ISBN 978 0 9558270 5 1 Retrieved 20 May 2011 University of Cincinnati Chef Receives Top Honors in Culinary Challenge Press release University of Cincinnati Archived from the original on 25 March 2012 Retrieved 20 May 2011 Cafe Pierre Advertisement New York 40 15 September 1986 ISSN 0028 7369 a b Mariani John July 1999 Across the River and Into the Ritz Esquire 42 45 Retrieved 30 September 2021 a b Gubler Fritz 2008 Waldorf hysteria hotel manners misbehaviour amp minibars Great Grand amp Famous Hotels p 54 ISBN 978 0 9804667 1 3 The Ritz Bar Hotel Ritz Paris Archived from the original on 7 August 2011 Retrieved 20 May 2011 MacElhone Andrew MacElhone Duncan 25 April 2017 Harry s ABC of Mixing Cocktails reprint ed Martino Fine Books p 35 ISBN 978 1 6842 2101 1 Bar Vendome Hotel Ritz Paris Archived from the original on 14 August 2011 Retrieved 20 May 2011 Ecole Ritz Escoffier Ecole Ritz Escoffier 11 May 2016 Retrieved 22 September 2017 Williams Nicola Berry Oliver Fallon Steve 2009 France Lonely Planet p 87 ISBN 978 1 74104 915 2 Retrieved 20 May 2011 The Ritz Health Club Hotel Ritz Paris Archived from the original on 14 August 2011 Retrieved 20 May 2011 Modelage and body care treatments Hotel Ritz Paris Archived from the original on 13 November 2008 Retrieved 20 May 2011 Hoare Philip 1995 Noel Coward a biography Sinclair Stevenson p 157 ISBN 9781856192651 Retrieved 22 April 2013 Tomberger Michaela 2002 New novels for young readers in of the 1980s Narrative strategies and presentation of the novel s world GRIN Verlag p 80 ISBN 978 3 638 10883 6 Kitiarsa Pattana 2008 Religious commodifications in Asia marketing gods Routledge p 38 ISBN 978 0 415 43738 7 The Book review C Chari for Perspective Publications 2004 Retrieved 20 May 2011 Chapman James 2007 Licence to thrill a cultural history of the James Bond films I B Tauris ISBN 978 1 84511 515 9 Retrieved 20 May 2011 Gary Cary remain frisky past fifty Life Vol 43 no 7 12 August 1957 pp 79 82 ISSN 0024 3019 Jhoom Barabar Jhoom Film Journal Archived from the original on 4 February 2012 Retrieved 20 May 2011 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Hotel Ritz Paris Hotel website Interview with Colin Field leading mixologist and head barman of the Ritz s Hemingway Bar Paris Ritz To Close Doors For Two Years48 52 04 N 2 19 43 E 48 86778 N 2 32861 E 48 86778 2 32861 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Hotel Ritz Paris amp oldid 1187205225, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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