Gustaf Hermann Dalman (9 June 1855 – 19 August 1941) was a German Lutheran theologian and orientalist. He did extensive field work in Palestine before the First World War, collecting inscriptions, poetry, and proverbs. He also collected physical articles illustrative of the life of the indigenous farmers and herders of the country, including rock and plant samples, house and farm tools, small archaeological finds, and ceramics. He pioneered the study of biblical and early post-biblical Aramaic, publishing an authoritative grammar (1894) and dictionary (1901), as well as other works. His collection of 15,000 historic photographs and 5,000 books, including rare 16th century prints, and maps formed the basis of the Gustaf Dalman Institute at the Ernst Moritz Arndt University, Greifswald, which commemorates and continues his work.
Dalman was appointed by Kaiser Wilhelm II as director of the Deutsches Evangelisches Institut für Altertumswissenschaft des heiligen Landes zu Jerusalem (German Evangelical Institute for Ancient Studies of the Holy Land in Jerusalem), where he served from 1902 to 1917.[1] Dalman experienced the outbreak of World War I on a home leave in Germany. Events prevented a return to Jerusalem. From 1917 he was Professor of Old Testament and Palestine Studies in Greifswald, where in 1920 he founded the Institute for Biblical Geography and Antiquity (today: Gustaf Dalman Institute). In 1921 he was acting provost of the Church of the Redeemer in Jerusalem. From 1905 to 1926 he was editor of the journal Palästinajahrbuch des Deutschen Evangelischen Instituts für Altertumswissenschaft des Heiligen Landes zu Jerusalem (Palestine Yearbook of the German Evangelical Institute for Archeology of the Holy Land in Jerusalem).
In his detailed appreciation of Palestine's customs and agricultural practices, Dalman was not limited to biblical illustrations or the recording of Arabic terms but took his examples to the pre-monotheistic past, as did other ethnographers of the time. In the preface to Volume 1, Dalman alerts the reader to this: "Whoever undertakes such a task as a theologian cannot let himself be seduced by concentrating only on those points that at a first and perhaps very superficial glance seem to show biblical connections. How often does a closer look show that the connections point in another direction? It is also not permitted to report in the descriptions only those aspects that contribute to explaining biblical expressions and statements."[2] Throughout his text, he provides examples of how the most ancient customs are preserved by farmers across the Levant and Egypt, aspects that have either been forgotten owing to modernization and continuing conflict in this region that began with World War I.
The theologian and translator Franz Delitzsch, who translated the New Testament into Hebrew, entrusted to Dalman the work of "thoroughly revising" the Hebrew text.[4]
Grammatik des Jüdisch-Palästinischen Aramäisch. 1894. 2nd edition. Leipzig, 1905
Aramäische Dialektproben: unter dem Gesichtspunkt neutestamentlicher Studien (mit Wörterverzeichnis) Leipzig, 1896 (reprint: OCLC 892092418)(OCLC 9238720)
Dalman, Gustaf (1898). Christentum und Judentum (in German). Leipzig: J. C. Hinrichs'sche Buchhandlung. OCLC 903085144.
Dalman, Gustaf (1901). Christianity and Judaism: an Essay. Translated by Box, G.H. Oxford: Williams & Norgate. OCLC 688537829.
Dalman, Gustaf (1898). Die Worte Iesu: Mit Berücksichtigung des Nachkanonischen Jüdischen Schrifttums und der Aramäischen Sprache (in German). Leipzig: J. C. Hinrichs'sche Buchhandlung.
Dalman, Gustaf (1902). The Words of Jesus: Considered in the Light of Post-Biblical Jewish Writings and the Aramaic Language. Translated by Kay, D. M. Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark.
Dalman, Gustaf (1901). Palästinischer Diwan: Als Beitrag zur Volkskunde Palästinas (in German). Leipzig: J. C. Hinrichs'sche Buchhandlung. (volume of Palestinian folksong, folk-tunes and dialect poetry, Arabic text with German translation collected by Dalman 1899-1900)
Dalman, Gustaf (1912). Neue Petra-Forschungen und der Heilige Felsen von Jerusalem (New Petra explorations and the sacred rock of Jerusalem) (in German). Leipzig: J.C. Hinrichs. ISBN978-1385969557. OCLC 583405432.
Jesus-Jeschua. Leipzig, 1922. English trans., Jesus-Jeshua. Studies in the Aramaic Gospels. London, 1929.
Dalman, Gustaf (1925). Hundert deutsche Fliegerbilder aus Palästina (One Hundred German Aerial Photographs from Palestine). Schriften des Deutschen Palästina-Instituts, Bd. 2 (in German). Gütersloh: Bertelsmann. OCLC 774111.[5]
Arbeit und Sitte in Palastina. [Work and Customs in Palestine] 1937. Reprinted 1964. (in 7 volumes)
Dalman, Gustaf (2013). Work and Customs in Palestine. Vol. 1 (I/1-I/2). Translated by Nadia Abdulhadi Sukhtian. Ramallah: Dar Al Nasher. ISBN9789950385-00-9. OCLC 1040774903. (ISBN9789950385-01-6) (two volumes)
Dalman, Gustaf (2020). Nadia Abdulhadi-Sukhtian (ed.). Work and Customs in Palestine, volume II. Vol. 2 (Agriculture). Translated by Robert Schick. Ramallah: Dar Al Nasher. ISBN978-9950-385-84-9.
Dalman, Gustaf (1930). Jerusalem und sein Gelände (Jerusalem and its Grounds) (in German). Gütersloh: C. Bertelsmann. OCLC 408213.
Dalman, Gustaf (1935). Sacred Sites and Ways: Studies in the Topography of the Gospels. London: Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge. OCLC 287887. (being a translation of: Orte und Wege Jesu)
Dalman, Gustaf (1938). Aramäisch-Neuhebräisches Handwörterbuch zu Targum, Talmud und Midrasch (in German). Göttingen. OCLC 80365504.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Aramäisch-Neuhebräisches Handwörterbuch zu Targum, Talmud und Midrasch. 1901. 2nd revised and expanded edition. Frankfurt am Main, 1922 (OCLC 806982104)
Dalman, Gustaf (1964). Webstoff, Spinnen, Weben, Kleidung (Woven fabric, spinning, weaving, clothing). Deutsches Evangelisches Institut für Altertumswissenschaft des Heiligen Landes.; Schriften des Deutschen Palästina-Instituts (in German). Hildesheim: Olms. OCLC 180617734. (reprinted from 1937 edition)
Articlesedit
Dalman, Gustaf (1891). "Ein neues hebräisches Reisehandbuch für Palästina (A New Hebrew Travel Guide to Palestine)". Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins (in German). Deutscher verein zur Erforschung Palästinas. 14: 148–150. JSTOR 27928609.
Dalman, Gustaf (1902). "Grinding in Ancient and Modern Palestine". The Biblical World. The University of Chicago Press. 19 (1): 9–18. doi:10.1086/472938. JSTOR 3137192. S2CID 144466504.
Dalman, Gustaf (1904). "Studien aus dem Deutschen evang. archäolog. Institut zu Jerusalem. 1. Der Paß von Michmas (The pass of Michmas)". Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins (in German). Deutscher verein zur Erforschung Palästinas. 27: 161–173. JSTOR 27928847.
Dalman, Gustaf (1905). "Studien aus dem Deutschen evang. archäolog. Institut zu Jerusalem. 4. Pflügelänge, Saatstreifen und Erntestreifen in Bibel und Mischna (Plow length, seed strips and harvest strips in the Bible and Mishnah)". Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins (in German). Deutscher verein zur Erforschung Palästinas. 28 (1): 27–35. JSTOR 27928875.
Dalman, Gustaf (1905). "Studien aus dem Deutschen evang. archäolog. Institut zu Jerusalem. 5. Getreidemaß und Feldmaß (Grain measure and field measure)". Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins (in German). Deutscher verein zur Erforschung Palästinas. 28 (1): 36–39. JSTOR 27928876.
Dalman, Gustaf (1909). "Der zweite Tempel zu Jerusalem (The second temple in Jerusalem)". Palästina-Jahrbuch (in German). Jerusalem: G. Dalman. 5.
Dalman, Gustaf (1909). "Notes on the Old Hebrew Calendar-Inscription From Gezer" (PDF). Palestine Exploration Fund Quarterly Statement. Jerusalem: Palestine Exploration Fund. 41 (2): 118–119. doi:10.1179/peq.1909.41.2.118.
Dalman, Gustaf (1922). "Die Ausgrabungen von Raymond Weill in der Davidsstadt (Raymond Weill's excavations in the City of David)". Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins (in German). Deutscher verein zur Erforschung Palästinas. 45 (1/2): 22–31. JSTOR 27929432.
Dalman, Gustaf (1923). "Studien aus dem Deutschen evang. Institut für Altertumswissenschaft in Jerusalem. 34. Palästinische Tiernamen (Palestinian animal names)". Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins (in German). Deutscher verein zur Erforschung Palästinas. 46 (1/2): 65–78. JSTOR 27929464.
Dalman, Gustaf (1929). "Einige Geschichtliche Stätten Im Norden Jerusalems (Some historical sites in the north of Jerusalem)". Journal of Biblical Literature (in German). The Society of Biblical Literature. 48 (3/4): 354–361. doi:10.2307/3259735. JSTOR 3259735.
^Ben-Arieh, Yehoshua (1999). "Non-Jewish Institutions and the Research of Palestine during the British Mandate Period: Part Two". Cathedra: For the History of Eretz Israel and Its Yishuv (in Hebrew). Jerusalem: Ben-Zvi Institute. 93: 111–142 (Abstract). JSTOR 23404547.
^Dalman, Gustaf (2013). Work and Customs in Palestine. Vol. I/2. Translated by Nadia Abdulhadi Sukhtian. Ramallah: Dar Al Nasher. p. preface. ISBN9789950385-01-6. OCLC 1040774903.
^Dalman, Gustaf (2013). Work and Customs in Palestine. Vol. I/1. Translated by Nadia Abdulhadi Sukhtian. Ramallah: Dar Al Nasher. p. viii (Preface). ISBN9789950385-00-9. OCLC 1040774903.
^Dalman, G., "The Hebrew New Testament of Franz Delitzsch", The Old and New Testament Student, Vol. 15, No. 3/4 (Sep. - Oct., 1892), pp. 145-150, available at https://www.jstor.org/stable/3158076
^For a description of this work, see Directory of the Palestinian Photo Holdings of the Bavarian War Archive.
External linksedit
Friedrich Wilhelm Bautz (1975). "Dalman, Gustaf". In Bautz, Friedrich Wilhelm (ed.). Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL) (in German). Vol. 1. Hamm: Bautz. cols. 1197–1198. ISBN3-88309-013-1.
Marcel Serr: Jerusalem 2016.
Marcel Serr: Understanding the Land of the Bible: Gustaf Dalman and the Emergence of the German Exploration of Palestine. In: Near Eastern Archaeology, Vol. 79, No. 1 (2016), pp. 27–35.
Universität Greifswald: Gustaf Dalman Collection
Dalman's Aramaic Grammar and Reader (article)
February 16, 2024
gustaf, dalman, gustaf, hermann, dalman, june, 1855, august, 1941, german, lutheran, theologian, orientalist, extensive, field, work, palestine, before, first, world, collecting, inscriptions, poetry, proverbs, also, collected, physical, articles, illustrative. Gustaf Hermann Dalman 9 June 1855 19 August 1941 was a German Lutheran theologian and orientalist He did extensive field work in Palestine before the First World War collecting inscriptions poetry and proverbs He also collected physical articles illustrative of the life of the indigenous farmers and herders of the country including rock and plant samples house and farm tools small archaeological finds and ceramics He pioneered the study of biblical and early post biblical Aramaic publishing an authoritative grammar 1894 and dictionary 1901 as well as other works His collection of 15 000 historic photographs and 5 000 books including rare 16th century prints and maps formed the basis of the Gustaf Dalman Institute at the Ernst Moritz Arndt University Greifswald which commemorates and continues his work Gustaf DalmanBornJune 9 1855NieskyDiedAugust 19 1941 1941 08 20 aged 86 HerrnhutDalman was appointed by Kaiser Wilhelm II as director of the Deutsches Evangelisches Institut fur Altertumswissenschaft des heiligen Landes zu Jerusalem German Evangelical Institute for Ancient Studies of the Holy Land in Jerusalem where he served from 1902 to 1917 1 Dalman experienced the outbreak of World War I on a home leave in Germany Events prevented a return to Jerusalem From 1917 he was Professor of Old Testament and Palestine Studies in Greifswald where in 1920 he founded the Institute for Biblical Geography and Antiquity today Gustaf Dalman Institute In 1921 he was acting provost of the Church of the Redeemer in Jerusalem From 1905 to 1926 he was editor of the journal Palastinajahrbuch des Deutschen Evangelischen Instituts fur Altertumswissenschaft des Heiligen Landes zu Jerusalem Palestine Yearbook of the German Evangelical Institute for Archeology of the Holy Land in Jerusalem In his detailed appreciation of Palestine s customs and agricultural practices Dalman was not limited to biblical illustrations or the recording of Arabic terms but took his examples to the pre monotheistic past as did other ethnographers of the time In the preface to Volume 1 Dalman alerts the reader to this Whoever undertakes such a task as a theologian cannot let himself be seduced by concentrating only on those points that at a first and perhaps very superficial glance seem to show biblical connections How often does a closer look show that the connections point in another direction It is also not permitted to report in the descriptions only those aspects that contribute to explaining biblical expressions and statements 2 Throughout his text he provides examples of how the most ancient customs are preserved by farmers across the Levant and Egypt aspects that have either been forgotten owing to modernization and continuing conflict in this region that began with World War I Dalman drew his wealth of knowledge on Palestinian Arab agriculture and peasant life from his extensive communications with Tawfiq Canaan enlarging on the same with other academic sources such as the cosmographical work of Zakariya al Qazwini 3 and the botanical works of George Edward Post and Immanuel Low The theologian and translator Franz Delitzsch who translated the New Testament into Hebrew entrusted to Dalman the work of thoroughly revising the Hebrew text 4 Contents 1 Works 1 1 Articles 2 See also 3 References 4 External linksWorks editGrammatik des Judisch Palastinischen Aramaisch 1894 2nd edition Leipzig 1905 Aramaische Dialektproben unter dem Gesichtspunkt neutestamentlicher Studien mit Worterverzeichnis Leipzig 1896 reprint OCLC 892092418 OCLC 9238720 Dalman Gustaf 1898 Christentum und Judentum in German Leipzig J C Hinrichs sche Buchhandlung OCLC 903085144 Dalman Gustaf 1901 Christianity and Judaism an Essay Translated by Box G H Oxford Williams amp Norgate OCLC 688537829 Dalman Gustaf 1898 Die Worte Iesu Mit Berucksichtigung des Nachkanonischen Judischen Schrifttums und der Aramaischen Sprache in German Leipzig J C Hinrichs sche Buchhandlung Dalman Gustaf 1902 The Words of Jesus Considered in the Light of Post Biblical Jewish Writings and the Aramaic Language Translated by Kay D M Edinburgh T amp T Clark Dalman Gustaf 1901 Palastinischer Diwan Als Beitrag zur Volkskunde Palastinas in German Leipzig J C Hinrichs sche Buchhandlung volume of Palestinian folksong folk tunes and dialect poetry Arabic text with German translation collected by Dalman 1899 1900 Dalman Gustaf 1912 Neue Petra Forschungen und der Heilige Felsen von Jerusalem New Petra explorations and the sacred rock of Jerusalem in German Leipzig J C Hinrichs ISBN 978 1385969557 OCLC 583405432 Jesus Jeschua Leipzig 1922 English trans Jesus Jeshua Studies in the Aramaic Gospels London 1929 Dalman Gustaf 1925 Hundert deutsche Fliegerbilder aus Palastina One Hundred German Aerial Photographs from Palestine Schriften des Deutschen Palastina Instituts Bd 2 in German Gutersloh Bertelsmann OCLC 774111 5 Arbeit und Sitte in Palastina Work and Customs in Palestine 1937 Reprinted 1964 in 7 volumes Dalman Gustaf 2013 Work and Customs in Palestine Vol 1 I 1 I 2 Translated by Nadia Abdulhadi Sukhtian Ramallah Dar Al Nasher ISBN 9789950385 00 9 OCLC 1040774903 ISBN 9789950385 01 6 two volumes Dalman Gustaf 2020 Nadia Abdulhadi Sukhtian ed Work and Customs in Palestine volume II Vol 2 Agriculture Translated by Robert Schick Ramallah Dar Al Nasher ISBN 978 9950 385 84 9 Dalman Gustaf 1930 Jerusalem und sein Gelande Jerusalem and its Grounds in German Gutersloh C Bertelsmann OCLC 408213 Dalman Gustaf 1935 Sacred Sites and Ways Studies in the Topography of the Gospels London Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge OCLC 287887 being a translation of Orte und Wege Jesu Dalman Gustaf 1938 Aramaisch Neuhebraisches Handworterbuch zu Targum Talmud und Midrasch in German Gottingen OCLC 80365504 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint location missing publisher link Aramaisch Neuhebraisches Handworterbuch zu Targum Talmud und Midrasch 1901 2nd revised and expanded edition Frankfurt am Main 1922 OCLC 806982104 Dalman Gustaf 1964 Webstoff Spinnen Weben Kleidung Woven fabric spinning weaving clothing Deutsches Evangelisches Institut fur Altertumswissenschaft des Heiligen Landes Schriften des Deutschen Palastina Instituts in German Hildesheim Olms OCLC 180617734 reprinted from 1937 edition Articles edit Dalman Gustaf 1891 Ein neues hebraisches Reisehandbuch fur Palastina A New Hebrew Travel Guide to Palestine Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palastina Vereins in German Deutscher verein zur Erforschung Palastinas 14 148 150 JSTOR 27928609 Dalman Gustaf 1897 Aramaische Dialektproben Aramaic dialect samples Monatsschrift fur Geschichte und Wissenschaft des Judentums in German 41 N F 5 7 326 329 JSTOR 44758678 Dalman Gustaf 1902 Grinding in Ancient and Modern Palestine The Biblical World The University of Chicago Press 19 1 9 18 doi 10 1086 472938 JSTOR 3137192 S2CID 144466504 Dalman Gustaf 1904 Studien aus dem Deutschen evang archaolog Institut zu Jerusalem 1 Der Pass von Michmas The pass of Michmas Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palastina Vereins in German Deutscher verein zur Erforschung Palastinas 27 161 173 JSTOR 27928847 Dalman Gustaf 1905 Studien aus dem Deutschen evang archaolog Institut zu Jerusalem 4 Pflugelange Saatstreifen und Erntestreifen in Bibel und Mischna Plow length seed strips and harvest strips in the Bible and Mishnah Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palastina Vereins in German Deutscher verein zur Erforschung Palastinas 28 1 27 35 JSTOR 27928875 Dalman Gustaf 1905 Studien aus dem Deutschen evang archaolog Institut zu Jerusalem 5 Getreidemass und Feldmass Grain measure and field measure Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palastina Vereins in German Deutscher verein zur Erforschung Palastinas 28 1 36 39 JSTOR 27928876 Dalman Gustaf 1909 Der zweite Tempel zu Jerusalem The second temple in Jerusalem Palastina Jahrbuch in German Jerusalem G Dalman 5 Dalman Gustaf 1909 Notes on the Old Hebrew Calendar Inscription From Gezer PDF Palestine Exploration Fund Quarterly Statement Jerusalem Palestine Exploration Fund 41 2 118 119 doi 10 1179 peq 1909 41 2 118 Dalman Gustaf 1922 Die Ausgrabungen von Raymond Weill in der Davidsstadt Raymond Weill s excavations in the City of David Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palastina Vereins in German Deutscher verein zur Erforschung Palastinas 45 1 2 22 31 JSTOR 27929432 Dalman Gustaf 1923 Studien aus dem Deutschen evang Institut fur Altertumswissenschaft in Jerusalem 34 Palastinische Tiernamen Palestinian animal names Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palastina Vereins in German Deutscher verein zur Erforschung Palastinas 46 1 2 65 78 JSTOR 27929464 Dalman Gustaf 1929 Einige Geschichtliche Statten Im Norden Jerusalems Some historical sites in the north of Jerusalem Journal of Biblical Literature in German The Society of Biblical Literature 48 3 4 354 361 doi 10 2307 3259735 JSTOR 3259735 See also editTawfiq Canaan Lewis LarssonReferences edit Ben Arieh Yehoshua 1999 Non Jewish Institutions and the Research of Palestine during the British Mandate Period Part Two Cathedra For the History of Eretz Israel and Its Yishuv in Hebrew Jerusalem Ben Zvi Institute 93 111 142 Abstract JSTOR 23404547 Dalman Gustaf 2013 Work and Customs in Palestine Vol I 2 Translated by Nadia Abdulhadi Sukhtian Ramallah Dar Al Nasher p preface ISBN 9789950385 01 6 OCLC 1040774903 Dalman Gustaf 2013 Work and Customs in Palestine Vol I 1 Translated by Nadia Abdulhadi Sukhtian Ramallah Dar Al Nasher p viii Preface ISBN 9789950385 00 9 OCLC 1040774903 Dalman G The Hebrew New Testament of Franz Delitzsch The Old and New Testament Student Vol 15 No 3 4 Sep Oct 1892 pp 145 150 available at https www jstor org stable 3158076 For a description of this work see Directory of the Palestinian Photo Holdings of the Bavarian War Archive External links editFriedrich Wilhelm Bautz 1975 Dalman Gustaf In Bautz Friedrich Wilhelm ed Biographisch Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon BBKL in German Vol 1 Hamm Bautz cols 1197 1198 ISBN 3 88309 013 1 Marcel Serr Gustaf Dalman s Palestine Jerusalem 2016 Marcel Serr Understanding the Land of the Bible Gustaf Dalman and the Emergence of the German Exploration of Palestine In Near Eastern Archaeology Vol 79 No 1 2016 pp 27 35 Universitat Greifswald Gustaf Dalman Collection Dalman s Aramaic Grammar and Reader article Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Gustaf Dalman amp oldid 1206931704, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
