The glazed paifang at the entrance of the Beijing GuozijianThe Biyong Palace inside the GuozijianThe Emperor's reading room with an imperial throneA room houses traditional Chinese instruments
The Beijing Guozijian (traditional Chinese: 北京國子監; simplified Chinese: 北京国子监; pinyin: Běijīng Guózǐjiān; Wade–Giles: Pei-ching Kuo-tzu-chien), located on Guozijian Street in Beijing, China, was China's national university during the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, and the last Guozijian of China. Most of the Beijing Guozijian's buildings were built during the Ming Dynasty[1] and it remains an important heritage site in China. During the Hundred Days' Reform of the Qing Dynasty, the education and administration of education functions of Guozijian was mainly replaced by the Imperial University of Peking (Jingshi Daxuetang), later known as Peking University. The Guozijian was shut down in 1905.
The Guozijian, often translated into English as the Imperial Academy or Imperial College, was the national central institute of learning in ancient Chinese dynasties. It was the highest institute of learning in China's traditional educational system. Emperors in imperial China would also frequently visit the Guozijian to read Confucian classics to thousands of students.[2]
The Guozijian was first built in 1306 during the 24th year of Zhiyuan Reign of the Yuan Dynasty, and was reconstructed and renovated on a large scale during Yongle and Zhengtong reigns of the Ming Dynasty.[3]
The administrative officials of Guozijian were called Chief (祭酒, Jìjiǔ), Dean of Studies (司業, Sīyè), or Proctor (監丞, Jiānchéng).[3] The students who studied at the Guozijian were called "Jiansheng" (監生, Jiànshēng), and they mainly studied the Confucian classics.[3]
Location and layoutedit
The Guozijian is situated at the central area of the Guozijian Street and adjoining several other well-known imperial structures of Beijing, and the complex of Guozijian accords with the Chinese tradition which dictates that the temple should be on the "left" and the school or college on the "right".[2] To the east of the Guozijian, lies the Confucius Temple, the second largest Confucius temple in all of China, and the Yonghegong Temple, the largest Lama Temple in Beijing.
The whole complex of Guozijian faces south, and it has a total building area of more than 10,000 square metres (110,000 sq ft).[3] Along the central axis of Guozijian are the Jixian Gate (the front gate), Taixue Gate (the second gate), the Glazed Archway, Biyong, Yiluntang, and Jingyiting (Jingyi Pavilion). On its east and west sides are the six halls and palaces in the traditional symmetrical layout.[3]
^ abcde. ebeijing.gov.cn. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2016-05-19.
External linksedit
Media related to Beijing Guozijian at Wikimedia Commons
April 12, 2024
beijing, guozijian, 94556, 40694, 94556, 40694, glazed, paifang, entrance, biyong, palace, inside, guozijianthe, emperor, reading, room, with, imperial, thronea, room, houses, traditional, chinese, instrumentsthe, traditional, chinese, 北京國子監, simplified, chine. 39 56 44 N 116 24 25 E 39 94556 N 116 40694 E 39 94556 116 40694 The glazed paifang at the entrance of the Beijing GuozijianThe Biyong Palace inside the GuozijianThe Emperor s reading room with an imperial throneA room houses traditional Chinese instrumentsThe Beijing Guozijian traditional Chinese 北京國子監 simplified Chinese 北京国子监 pinyin Beijing Guozǐjian Wade Giles Pei ching Kuo tzu chien located on Guozijian Street in Beijing China was China s national university during the Yuan Ming and Qing dynasties and the last Guozijian of China Most of the Beijing Guozijian s buildings were built during the Ming Dynasty 1 and it remains an important heritage site in China During the Hundred Days Reform of the Qing Dynasty the education and administration of education functions of Guozijian was mainly replaced by the Imperial University of Peking Jingshi Daxuetang later known as Peking University The Guozijian was shut down in 1905 The Guozijian often translated into English as the Imperial Academy or Imperial College was the national central institute of learning in ancient Chinese dynasties It was the highest institute of learning in China s traditional educational system Emperors in imperial China would also frequently visit the Guozijian to read Confucian classics to thousands of students 2 Contents 1 History 2 Location and layout 3 See also 4 References 5 External linksHistory editThe Guozijian was first built in 1306 during the 24th year of Zhiyuan Reign of the Yuan Dynasty and was reconstructed and renovated on a large scale during Yongle and Zhengtong reigns of the Ming Dynasty 3 The administrative officials of Guozijian were called Chief 祭酒 Jijiǔ Dean of Studies 司業 Siye or Proctor 監丞 Jiancheng 3 The students who studied at the Guozijian were called Jiansheng 監生 Jiansheng and they mainly studied the Confucian classics 3 Location and layout editThe Guozijian is situated at the central area of the Guozijian Street and adjoining several other well known imperial structures of Beijing and the complex of Guozijian accords with the Chinese tradition which dictates that the temple should be on the left and the school or college on the right 2 To the east of the Guozijian lies the Confucius Temple the second largest Confucius temple in all of China and the Yonghegong Temple the largest Lama Temple in Beijing The whole complex of Guozijian faces south and it has a total building area of more than 10 000 square metres 110 000 sq ft 3 Along the central axis of Guozijian are the Jixian Gate the front gate Taixue Gate the second gate the Glazed Archway Biyong Yiluntang and Jingyiting Jingyi Pavilion On its east and west sides are the six halls and palaces in the traditional symmetrical layout 3 See also editGuozijian Kongmiao Beijing Peking University History of Beijing Sungkyunkwan SeoulReferences edit Guozijian Geiss Foundation Archived from the original on 2008 07 04 a b Guozijian Beijing Travel Service Beijing Travel Beijing Tour tour beijing com Retrieved 2016 05 19 a b c d e Guozijian The Imperial College ebeijing gov cn Archived from the original on 2016 03 04 Retrieved 2016 05 19 External links edit nbsp Media related to Beijing Guozijian at Wikimedia Commons Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Beijing Guozijian amp oldid 1178277817, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
