Grigory Ivanovich Shelikhov (Григо́рий Ива́нович Ше́лихов in Russian) (1747, Rylsk, Belgorod Governorate – July 20, 1795 (July 31, 1795 New Style)) was a Russian seafarer, merchant, and fur trader who perpetrated the Awa'uq Massacre.
Grigory Shelikhov was a founder of the predecessor of the Russian-American Company.Monument to Grigorii Shelekhov in Shelekhov
Starting in 1775, Shelikhov organized voyages of merchant ships to the Kuril Islands and the Aleutian Islands, in what is now Alaska, for fur trading. In 1783–1786, he led an expedition to the coastal shores of the mainland, where they founded the first permanent Russian settlements in North America. Shelikhov's voyage was done under the auspices of his Shelikhov-Golikov Company, the other owner of which was Ivan Larionovich Golikov. This company was the predecessor of the Russian-American Company, which was founded in 1799.[1]
In April 1784, Shelikhov arrived in what he named as Three Saints Bay on Kodiak Island with two ships, the Three Hierarchs, Basil the Great, Gregory the Theologian and John Chrysostom and the St. Simon.[2] The indigenous Koniaga, an Alutiiq nation of Alaska Natives, defended themselves from the Russian party. In what became known as the Awa'uq Massacre, Shelikhov and his armed forces, who had guns and cannons, killed hundreds of the Alutiiq, including women and children. They also took hundreds of hostages, many of them children, to force submission by other Alaska Natives. Having established his authority on Kodiak Island, Shelikhov founded the first permanent Russian settlement in Alaska along the island's Three Saints Bay. (Unalaska had been established long before, but it was not considered the permanent base for Russians until Shelikhov's time.)
The settlement of Grigory Shelekhov in Kodiak Island.
A gulf in the Sea of Okhotsk, a strait between Alaska and Kodiak Island, a bay on Kruzof Island (near Sitka, Alaska), and a town in Irkutsk Oblast in Russia bear Shelikhov's name. Shelekhov travelled via Shelikhov Bay in the Sea of Okhotsk in December 1786-January 1787, after he had been left behind at Bol’shereck in Kamchatka as the winds tore the Three Hierarchs from her anchors and carried her out to sea.[3] There is a statue of Shelikhov in his native Rylsk.
Family
Grigory's wife Natalia Alekseevna Shelikhova
His father was Ivan Shelikhov. Ivan had a brother, Andrei, who had at least two children: Semen Andreevich Shelikhov and Sidor Andreevich Shelikhov.
Grigory had two siblings: a sister, Agrofena Ivanova Shelikhova, and a younger brother, Vasilii Ivanovich Shelikhov, who went to Siberia with Grigory to assist with the business.
In 1775 Shelikhov married Natalia Alexeyevna Kozhevina, the daughter of a prominent clan of Okhotsk navigators and mapmakers and their wives. At his death he had five surviving daughters and one son.[4]
Grigory and Natalia had the following children:[5]
Anna Grigorevna Rezanova, b. 1780
Ekaterina Grigorevna Timkovskaya, c. 1781
Avdotia Grigorevna Buldakova, b. 1784
Aleksandra Grigorevna Politkovskaya, b. 1788
Natalia Grigorevna Shelikhova, b. 1793
Katerina Grigorevna Shelikhova
Vasilii Grigorevich Shelikhov
Shelikhov's granddaughter Olga Nikolaevna Kokoshkina by Karl Hampeln
His 14-year-old daughter Anna married Nikolai Rezanov in January 1795.[6] She died in childbirth seven years later, but had at least one surviving daughter, Olga Nikolaevna Rezanova, who married Kharkiv Governor-General Sergey Aleksandrovich Kokoshkin.
^Piotr A. Tikhmenev: A History of the Russian-American Company, editors Alton S. Donnelly, Richard Pierce (Seattle: University of Washington Press, English translation 1978; pp. 48–59) (the original Russian work was published in 1861).
^"Alaska History Timeline". Retrieved on August 31, 2005.
^Richard Pierce in his introduction to Shelekhov’s A Voyage to America 1783–1786.
^Matthews, Owen (2013). Glorious misadventures : Nikolai Rezanov and the Dream of a Russian America (First U.S. ed.). London [u.a.]: Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN978-1-62040-239-9.
^Black, Dawn Lea; Petrov, Alexander (2010). Natalia Shelikhova: Russian Oligarch of Alaska Commerce. University of Alaska Press. p. 184. ISBN978-1-60223-066-8.
^Lensen, George A. Early Russo-Japanese Relations. The Far Eastern Quarterly 10, No. 1 (1950), pp. 2–37.
grigory, shelikhov, grigory, ivanovich, shelikhov, Григо, рий, Ива, нович, Ше, лихов, russian, 1747, rylsk, belgorod, governorate, july, 1795, july, 1795, style, russian, seafarer, merchant, trader, perpetrated, massacre, founder, predecessor, russian, america. Grigory Ivanovich Shelikhov Grigo rij Iva novich She lihov in Russian 1747 Rylsk Belgorod Governorate July 20 1795 July 31 1795 New Style was a Russian seafarer merchant and fur trader who perpetrated the Awa uq Massacre Grigory Shelikhov was a founder of the predecessor of the Russian American Company Monument to Grigorii Shelekhov in Shelekhov Contents 1 Career 2 Family 3 See also 4 ReferencesCareer EditStarting in 1775 Shelikhov organized voyages of merchant ships to the Kuril Islands and the Aleutian Islands in what is now Alaska for fur trading In 1783 1786 he led an expedition to the coastal shores of the mainland where they founded the first permanent Russian settlements in North America Shelikhov s voyage was done under the auspices of his Shelikhov Golikov Company the other owner of which was Ivan Larionovich Golikov This company was the predecessor of the Russian American Company which was founded in 1799 1 In April 1784 Shelikhov arrived in what he named as Three Saints Bay on Kodiak Island with two ships the Three Hierarchs Basil the Great Gregory the Theologian and John Chrysostom and the St Simon 2 The indigenous Koniaga an Alutiiq nation of Alaska Natives defended themselves from the Russian party In what became known as the Awa uq Massacre Shelikhov and his armed forces who had guns and cannons killed hundreds of the Alutiiq including women and children They also took hundreds of hostages many of them children to force submission by other Alaska Natives Having established his authority on Kodiak Island Shelikhov founded the first permanent Russian settlement in Alaska along the island s Three Saints Bay Unalaska had been established long before but it was not considered the permanent base for Russians until Shelikhov s time In 1790 Shelikhov having returned to Russia hired Alexandr Baranov to manage his fur trading enterprise in Russian America The settlement of Grigory Shelekhov in Kodiak Island A gulf in the Sea of Okhotsk a strait between Alaska and Kodiak Island a bay on Kruzof Island near Sitka Alaska and a town in Irkutsk Oblast in Russia bear Shelikhov s name Shelekhov travelled via Shelikhov Bay in the Sea of Okhotsk in December 1786 January 1787 after he had been left behind at Bol shereck in Kamchatka as the winds tore the Three Hierarchs from her anchors and carried her out to sea 3 There is a statue of Shelikhov in his native Rylsk Family Edit Grigory s wife Natalia Alekseevna ShelikhovaHis father was Ivan Shelikhov Ivan had a brother Andrei who had at least two children Semen Andreevich Shelikhov and Sidor Andreevich Shelikhov Grigory had two siblings a sister Agrofena Ivanova Shelikhova and a younger brother Vasilii Ivanovich Shelikhov who went to Siberia with Grigory to assist with the business In 1775 Shelikhov married Natalia Alexeyevna Kozhevina the daughter of a prominent clan of Okhotsk navigators and mapmakers and their wives At his death he had five surviving daughters and one son 4 Grigory and Natalia had the following children 5 Anna Grigorevna Rezanova b 1780 Ekaterina Grigorevna Timkovskaya c 1781 Avdotia Grigorevna Buldakova b 1784 Aleksandra Grigorevna Politkovskaya b 1788 Natalia Grigorevna Shelikhova b 1793 Katerina Grigorevna Shelikhova Vasilii Grigorevich Shelikhov Shelikhov s granddaughter Olga Nikolaevna Kokoshkina by Karl HampelnHis 14 year old daughter Anna married Nikolai Rezanov in January 1795 6 She died in childbirth seven years later but had at least one surviving daughter Olga Nikolaevna Rezanova who married Kharkiv Governor General Sergey Aleksandrovich Kokoshkin See also EditDaikokuya Kōdayu a Japanese castaway in RussiaReferences Edit Piotr A Tikhmenev A History of the Russian American Company editors Alton S Donnelly Richard Pierce Seattle University of Washington Press English translation 1978 pp 48 59 the original Russian work was published in 1861 Alaska History Timeline Retrieved on August 31 2005 Richard Pierce in his introduction to Shelekhov s A Voyage to America 1783 1786 Matthews Owen 2013 Glorious misadventures Nikolai Rezanov and the Dream of a Russian America First U S ed London u a Bloomsbury Publishing ISBN 978 1 62040 239 9 Black Dawn Lea Petrov Alexander 2010 Natalia Shelikhova Russian Oligarch of Alaska Commerce University of Alaska Press p 184 ISBN 978 1 60223 066 8 Lensen George A Early Russo Japanese Relations The Far Eastern Quarterly 10 No 1 1950 pp 2 37 Government officesPreceded bynew post Governor of Shelikhov Golikov Company1784 22 May 1786 Succeeded byKonstantin Alekseevich Samoilov Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Grigory Shelikhov amp oldid 1164547721, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
