The grey-crowned Central American squirrel monkey (Saimiri oerstedii citrinellus) is a subspecies of the Central American squirrel monkey. Its range is restricted to the Pacific coast of central Costa Rica. The northern end of its range is the Rio Tulin and the southern end of its range is the Rio Grande de Terraba. South of the Rio Grande de Terraba, it is replaced by the black-crowned Central American squirrel monkey, S. oerstedii oerstedii. Populations are very fragmented, and the subspecies does not occur in all locations within its general range. It is the subspecies of Central American squirrel monkey seen in Manuel Antonio National Park in Costa Rica.[4][5]
The grey-crowned Central American squirrel monkey is orange or reddish-orange in color, with a black cap. It differs from the black-crowned Central American squirrel monkey in that the limbs and underparts of the grey-crowned Central American squirrel monkey are less yellowish. Some authorities also consider the cap on the grey-crowned Central American squirrel monkey to be less black than that of the black-crowned Central American squirrel monkey, but other authorities regard this as a feature that varies by age rather than by subspecies.[4]
Adults reach a length of between 266 and 291 millimetres (10.5 and 11.5 in), excluding tail, and a weight between 600 and 950 grams (21 and 34 oz).[6][7] The tail is longer than the body, and between 362 and 389 mm (14.3 and 15.3 in) in length.[6] Males have an average body weight of 829 g (29.2 oz) and females have an average body weight of 695 g (24.5 oz).[7]
The grey-crowned Central American squirrel monkey is arboreal and diurnal. It lives in groups containing several adult males, several adult females and juveniles. It is omnivorous, with a diet that includes insects and insect larvae (especially grasshoppers and caterpillars), spiders, fruit, leaves, bark, flowers and nectar. It also eats small vertebrates, including bats, birds, lizards and frogs. It finds its food foraging through the lower and middle levels of the forest.[6][8]
The grey-crowned Central American squirrel monkey was assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as Endangered. This was an improvement from prior assessments, in which the subspecies was assessed as "critically endangered". It is listed as endangered to a small and severely fragmented range amounting to only about 3,500 square kilometers (1,400 sq mi), and continuing habitat loss.[2] There are conservation efforts within Costa Rica to try to preserve this monkey from extinction.[9]
Referencesedit
^Groves, C. P. (2005). Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 138–139. ISBN0-801-88221-4. OCLC 62265494.
^ abSolano-Rojas, D.; Mittermeier, R.A. (2020). "Saimiri oerstedii ssp. citrinellus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T19841A17982683. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T19841A17982683.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
^Thomas, Oldfield (1904). "New forms of Saimiri, Saccopteryx, Balantiopteryx, and Thrichomys from the Neotropical region". Annals and Magazine of Natural History. Ser. 7. 13 (76): 250–251. doi:10.1080/00222930409487064.
^ abRylands, A.; Groves, C.; Mittenmeier, R.; Cortes-Ortiz, L.; Hines, J. (2006). "Taxonomy and Distributions of Mesoamerican Primates". In Estrada, A.; Garber, P.A.; Pavelka, M.S.M.; Luecke, L. (eds.). New Perspectives in the Study of Mesoamerican Primates. New York: Springer. pp. 37–39. ISBN978-0-387-25854-6.
^Sierra, C.; Jimenez, I.; Altrichter, M.; Fernandez, M.; Gomez, G.; Gonzalez, J.; Hernandez, C. Herrera; H., Jimenez; B., Lopez-Arevalo; H., Millan; J., Mora, G. & Tabilo, E. (June 2003). (PDF). Primate Conservation (19): 5–9. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 September 2007.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ abcEmmons, L. (1997). Neotropical Rainforest Mammals A Field Guide (Second ed.). Chicago, Ill. ;London: Univ. of Chicago Pr. pp. 126–127. ISBN0-226-20721-8.
^ abJack, K. (2007). "The Cebines". In Campbell, C.; Fuentes, A.; MacKinnon, K.; Panger, M.; Bearder, S. (eds.). Primates in Perspective. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 107–120. ISBN978-0-19-517133-4.
^Wainwright, M. (2002). The Natural History of Costa Rican Mammals. Miami, FL: Zona Tropical. pp. 131–134. ISBN0-9705678-1-2.
^"Save the Mono Titi Manuel Antonio Costa Rica". Retrieved 14 December 2008.
External linksedit
February 18, 2024
grey, crowned, central, american, squirrel, monkey, grey, crowned, central, american, squirrel, monkey, saimiri, oerstedii, citrinellus, subspecies, central, american, squirrel, monkey, range, restricted, pacific, coast, central, costa, rica, northern, range, . The grey crowned Central American squirrel monkey Saimiri oerstedii citrinellus is a subspecies of the Central American squirrel monkey Its range is restricted to the Pacific coast of central Costa Rica The northern end of its range is the Rio Tulin and the southern end of its range is the Rio Grande de Terraba South of the Rio Grande de Terraba it is replaced by the black crowned Central American squirrel monkey S oerstedii oerstedii Populations are very fragmented and the subspecies does not occur in all locations within its general range It is the subspecies of Central American squirrel monkey seen in Manuel Antonio National Park in Costa Rica 4 5 Grey crowned Central American squirrel monkey 1 Conservation statusEndangered IUCN 3 1 2 Scientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ChordataClass MammaliaOrder PrimatesSuborder HaplorhiniInfraorder SimiiformesFamily CebidaeGenus SaimiriSpecies S oerstediiSubspecies S o citrinellusTrinomial nameSaimiri oerstedii citrinellusThomas 1904 3 S o citrinellus range shown in redThe grey crowned Central American squirrel monkey is orange or reddish orange in color with a black cap It differs from the black crowned Central American squirrel monkey in that the limbs and underparts of the grey crowned Central American squirrel monkey are less yellowish Some authorities also consider the cap on the grey crowned Central American squirrel monkey to be less black than that of the black crowned Central American squirrel monkey but other authorities regard this as a feature that varies by age rather than by subspecies 4 Adults reach a length of between 266 and 291 millimetres 10 5 and 11 5 in excluding tail and a weight between 600 and 950 grams 21 and 34 oz 6 7 The tail is longer than the body and between 362 and 389 mm 14 3 and 15 3 in in length 6 Males have an average body weight of 829 g 29 2 oz and females have an average body weight of 695 g 24 5 oz 7 The grey crowned Central American squirrel monkey is arboreal and diurnal It lives in groups containing several adult males several adult females and juveniles It is omnivorous with a diet that includes insects and insect larvae especially grasshoppers and caterpillars spiders fruit leaves bark flowers and nectar It also eats small vertebrates including bats birds lizards and frogs It finds its food foraging through the lower and middle levels of the forest 6 8 The grey crowned Central American squirrel monkey was assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature IUCN as Endangered This was an improvement from prior assessments in which the subspecies was assessed as critically endangered It is listed as endangered to a small and severely fragmented range amounting to only about 3 500 square kilometers 1 400 sq mi and continuing habitat loss 2 There are conservation efforts within Costa Rica to try to preserve this monkey from extinction 9 References edit Groves C P 2005 Wilson D E Reeder D M eds Mammal Species of the World A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference 3rd ed Baltimore Johns Hopkins University Press pp 138 139 ISBN 0 801 88221 4 OCLC 62265494 a b Solano Rojas D Mittermeier R A 2020 Saimiri oerstedii ssp citrinellus IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020 e T19841A17982683 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2020 3 RLTS T19841A17982683 en Retrieved 12 November 2021 Thomas Oldfield 1904 New forms of Saimiri Saccopteryx Balantiopteryx and Thrichomys from the Neotropical region Annals and Magazine of Natural History Ser 7 13 76 250 251 doi 10 1080 00222930409487064 a b Rylands A Groves C Mittenmeier R Cortes Ortiz L Hines J 2006 Taxonomy and Distributions of Mesoamerican Primates In Estrada A Garber P A Pavelka M S M Luecke L eds New Perspectives in the Study of Mesoamerican Primates New York Springer pp 37 39 ISBN 978 0 387 25854 6 Sierra C Jimenez I Altrichter M Fernandez M Gomez G Gonzalez J Hernandez C Herrera H Jimenez B Lopez Arevalo H Millan J Mora G amp Tabilo E June 2003 New Data on the Distribution and Abundance of Saimiri oerstedii citrinellus PDF Primate Conservation 19 5 9 Archived from the original PDF on 28 September 2007 a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link a b c Emmons L 1997 Neotropical Rainforest Mammals A Field Guide Second ed Chicago Ill London Univ of Chicago Pr pp 126 127 ISBN 0 226 20721 8 a b Jack K 2007 The Cebines In Campbell C Fuentes A MacKinnon K Panger M Bearder S eds Primates in Perspective New York Oxford University Press pp 107 120 ISBN 978 0 19 517133 4 Wainwright M 2002 The Natural History of Costa Rican Mammals Miami FL Zona Tropical pp 131 134 ISBN 0 9705678 1 2 Save the Mono Titi Manuel Antonio Costa Rica Retrieved 14 December 2008 External links editTiti Conservation Alliance Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Grey crowned Central American squirrel monkey amp oldid 1120762778, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
