Histopathologic image of granular cell tumor of the skin
It is also known as Abrikossoff's tumor,[1]granular cell myoblastoma,[1]granular cell nerve sheath tumor,[1] and granular cell schwannoma.[1] Granular cell tumors (GCTs) affect females more often than males.[2]
Granular cell tumors are derived from neural tissue, as can be demonstrated by immunohistochemistry and ultrastructural evidence using electron microscopy. These lesions characteristically consist of polygonal cells with bland nuclei, abundant cytoplasm and fine eosinophilic cytoplasmic granules. The tumor cells stain positively for S-100 as they are of Schwann cell origin. Both malignant and benign versions of the tumor exist, where malignant tumors are characterized histologically by features such as spindling, high nuclear to cytoplasmic ratios, pleomorphism, and necrosis.[3]
These tumors, on occasion, may appear similar to neoplasms of renal (relating to the kidneys) origin or other soft tissue neoplasms.
TreatmentEdit
The primary method for treatment is surgical, not medical. Radiation and chemotherapy are not needed for benign lesions and are not effective for malignant lesions.
Benign granular cell tumors have a recurrence rate of 2% to 8% when resection margins are deemed clear of tumor infiltration. When the resection margins of a benign granular cell tumor are positive for tumor infiltration the recurrence rate is increased to 20%. Malignant lesions are aggressive and difficult to eradicate with surgery and have a recurrence rate of 32%.
EpidemiologyEdit
Granular cell tumors can affect all parts of the body; however, the head and neck areas are affected 45% to 65% of the time. Of the head and neck cases 70% of lesions are located intraorally (tongue, oral mucosa, hard palate). The next most common location that lesions are found in the head and neck area is the larynx (10%).[5] Granular cell tumors are also found in the internal organs, particularly in the upper aerodigestive tract. Vaginal granular cell tumors are generally rare.[6]
Breast granular cell tumors arise from intralobular breast stroma and occurs within the distribution of the cutaneous branches of the supraclavicular nerve. As they do follow the innervation of the skin, they may demonstrate skin changes like contraction or shrinkage. Unlike traditional breast cancers, granular cell tumors are mostly found in the upper inner quadrant of the breast.[7] They can be erroneously diagnosed as an invasive ductal carcinoma via ultrasound and mammography, therefore, it is necessary to consider a diagnosis of invasive ductal carcinoma.
The usual presentation is of a slow growing behavior, forming a polygonal accumulation of secondary lysosomes in the cytoplasm. Granular cell tumors are typically solitary and rarely larger than three centimeters. However, proliferative growth and development of an ulcer indicates likely malignancy as this type of tumor can be either benign or malignant. Malignancy is rare and constitutes only 2% of all granular cell tumors.[8]
^ abcdRapini, Ronald P.; Bolognia, Jean L.; Jorizzo, Joseph L. (2007). Dermatology: 2-Volume Set. St. Louis: Mosby. pp. 1796, 1804. ISBN978-1-4160-2999-1.
^"Granular cell tumor | Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD) – an NCATS Program". Genetic and rare diseases information center. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
^Schrader, KA.; Nelson, TN.; De Luca, A.; Huntsman, DG.; McGillivray, BC. (Feb 2009). "Multiple granular cell tumors are an associated feature of LEOPARD syndrome caused by mutation in PTPN11". Clin Genet. 75 (2): 185–9. doi:10.1111/j.1399-0004.2008.01100.x. PMID 19054014. S2CID 205407005.
^Kahn, Michael A. Basic Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology. Volume 1. 2001.
^Danforth's obstetrics and gynecology. Gibbs, Ronald S., 1943-, Danforth, David N. (David Newton), 1912-1990. (10th ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2008. ISBN9780781769372. OCLC 187289377.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
^Aoyama, K., Kamio, T., Hirano, A. et al. Granular cell tumors: a report of six cases. World J Surg Onc. Sep 2012;10(204)
^Fanburg-Smith JC, Meis-Kindblom JM, et al. Malignant granular cell tumor of soft tissue: diagnostic criteria and clinicopathologic correlation. Am J Surg Pathol. Jul 1998;22(7):779-94.
External linksEdit
August 25, 2023
granular, cell, tumor, tumor, that, develop, skin, mucosal, surface, occurs, tongue, time, tumor, presented, abdominal, wall, mass, middle, aged, womanspecialtyoncology, histopathologic, image, granular, cell, tumor, skinit, also, known, abrikossoff, tumor, gr. Granular cell tumor is a tumor that can develop on any skin or mucosal surface but occurs on the tongue 40 of the time Granular cell tumor2 cm tumor presented as an abdominal wall mass in a middle aged womanSpecialtyOncology Histopathologic image of granular cell tumor of the skinIt is also known as Abrikossoff s tumor 1 granular cell myoblastoma 1 granular cell nerve sheath tumor 1 and granular cell schwannoma 1 Granular cell tumors GCTs affect females more often than males 2 Contents 1 Pathology 2 Treatment 3 Epidemiology 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksPathology EditGranular cell tumors are derived from neural tissue as can be demonstrated by immunohistochemistry and ultrastructural evidence using electron microscopy These lesions characteristically consist of polygonal cells with bland nuclei abundant cytoplasm and fine eosinophilic cytoplasmic granules The tumor cells stain positively for S 100 as they are of Schwann cell origin Both malignant and benign versions of the tumor exist where malignant tumors are characterized histologically by features such as spindling high nuclear to cytoplasmic ratios pleomorphism and necrosis 3 Multiple granular cell tumors may seen in the context of LEOPARD syndrome due to a mutation in the PTPN11 gene 4 These tumors on occasion may appear similar to neoplasms of renal relating to the kidneys origin or other soft tissue neoplasms Treatment EditThe primary method for treatment is surgical not medical Radiation and chemotherapy are not needed for benign lesions and are not effective for malignant lesions Benign granular cell tumors have a recurrence rate of 2 to 8 when resection margins are deemed clear of tumor infiltration When the resection margins of a benign granular cell tumor are positive for tumor infiltration the recurrence rate is increased to 20 Malignant lesions are aggressive and difficult to eradicate with surgery and have a recurrence rate of 32 Epidemiology EditGranular cell tumors can affect all parts of the body however the head and neck areas are affected 45 to 65 of the time Of the head and neck cases 70 of lesions are located intraorally tongue oral mucosa hard palate The next most common location that lesions are found in the head and neck area is the larynx 10 5 Granular cell tumors are also found in the internal organs particularly in the upper aerodigestive tract Vaginal granular cell tumors are generally rare 6 Breast granular cell tumors arise from intralobular breast stroma and occurs within the distribution of the cutaneous branches of the supraclavicular nerve As they do follow the innervation of the skin they may demonstrate skin changes like contraction or shrinkage Unlike traditional breast cancers granular cell tumors are mostly found in the upper inner quadrant of the breast 7 They can be erroneously diagnosed as an invasive ductal carcinoma via ultrasound and mammography therefore it is necessary to consider a diagnosis of invasive ductal carcinoma The usual presentation is of a slow growing behavior forming a polygonal accumulation of secondary lysosomes in the cytoplasm Granular cell tumors are typically solitary and rarely larger than three centimeters However proliferative growth and development of an ulcer indicates likely malignancy as this type of tumor can be either benign or malignant Malignancy is rare and constitutes only 2 of all granular cell tumors 8 See also EditList of cutaneous conditions Glassy cell carcinomaReferences Edit a b c d Rapini Ronald P Bolognia Jean L Jorizzo Joseph L 2007 Dermatology 2 Volume Set St Louis Mosby pp 1796 1804 ISBN 978 1 4160 2999 1 Granular cell tumor Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center GARD an NCATS Program Genetic and rare diseases information center Retrieved 17 April 2018 Neelon D Lannan F Childs J Jan 2020 Granular Cell Tumor StatPearls PMID 33085297 Schrader KA Nelson TN De Luca A Huntsman DG McGillivray BC Feb 2009 Multiple granular cell tumors are an associated feature of LEOPARD syndrome caused by mutation in PTPN11 Clin Genet 75 2 185 9 doi 10 1111 j 1399 0004 2008 01100 x PMID 19054014 S2CID 205407005 Kahn Michael A Basic Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Volume 1 2001 Danforth s obstetrics and gynecology Gibbs Ronald S 1943 Danforth David N David Newton 1912 1990 10th ed Philadelphia Lippincott Williams amp Wilkins 2008 ISBN 9780781769372 OCLC 187289377 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint others link Aoyama K Kamio T Hirano A et al Granular cell tumors a report of six cases World J Surg Onc Sep 2012 10 204 Fanburg Smith JC Meis Kindblom JM et al Malignant granular cell tumor of soft tissue diagnostic criteria and clinicopathologic correlation Am J Surg Pathol Jul 1998 22 7 779 94 External links Edit Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Granular cell tumor amp oldid 1147279911, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
