The Global Oscillation Network Group (GONG) is a worldwide network of six identical telescopes, designed to have 24/7 observations of the Sun.[1] The network serves multiple purposes, including the provision of operation data for use in space weather prediction,[2] and the study of solar internal structure and dynamics using helioseismology.
Global Oscillation Network Group (GONG)
Map of GONG stations
Alternative names
Global Oscillation Network Group
Location(s)
Spain, Australia, United States of America, India, Chile
Deployed in 1995, GONG is a set of six observing systems geographically distributed around the Earth so that the Sun can be observed as continuously as possible. The six observatories are the Teide Observatory (Canary Islands), the Learmonth Solar Observatory (Western Australia), the Big Bear Solar Observatory (California), the Mauna Loa Observatory (Hawaii), the Udaipur Solar Observatory (India) and the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory (Chile). With these sites, GONG typically can observe the Sun 91% of the time, 24/7.[3] GONG was constructed to provide observations for helioseismology, which aims to understand the solar interior by analyzing the sound waves that are trapped in it. In 2001, the original GONG detectors were upgraded to 1000 x 1000 pixels and continuous magnetograms were implemented, and the new system is known as GONG++. While GONG still provides helioseismology data, it now also provides full-disk solar magnetic field maps (magnetograms) every minute and full-disk images of the Sun in the wavelength of the Hydrogen–α (Hα) spectral line every 20 seconds. These data products are used for research into the solar magnetic field and chromosphere but are also essential inputs into forecasts of space weather. The NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center (SWPC), the US Airforce 557th Weather Wing, and the NASACommunity Coordinated Modeling Center (CCMC) all use GONG data to predict space weather conditions.
The GONG Project is managed by the National Solar Observatory's Integrated Synoptic Program (NISP), which is operated by AURA, Inc. under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. GONG has been in operation since 1995 and is aging rapidly. To replace it, NSO is proposing to design and build a next-generation Ground-based solar Observing Network, provisionally named ngGONG.[4]
^Harvey, J. W.; Hill, F.; Hubbard, R. P.; Kennedy, J. R.; Leibacher, J. W.; Pintar, J. A.; Gilman, P. A.; Noyes, R. W.; Title, A. M.; Toomre, J.; Ulrich, R. K.; Bhatnagar, A.; Kennewell, J. A.; Marquette, W.; Patrón, J.; Saá, O.; Yasukawa, E. (31 May 1996). "The Global Oscillation Network Group (GONG) Project". Science. 272 (5266): 1284–1286. doi:10.1126/science.272.5266.1284.
^Hill, Frank (October 2018). "The Global Oscillation Network Group Facility—An Example of Research to Operations in Space Weather". Space Weather. 16 (10): 1488–1497. doi:10.1029/2018SW002001.
^Jain, Kiran; Tripathy, Sushanta C.; Hill, Frank; Pevtsov, Alexei A. (2021-10-01). "Continuous Solar Observations from the Ground—Assessing Duty Cycle from GONG Observations". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 133 (1028): 105001. arXiv:2110.06319. Bibcode:2021PASP..133j5001J. doi:10.1088/1538-3873/ac24d5. ISSN 0004-6280. S2CID 238362018.
^Pevtsov, Alexei A.; Martinez-Pillet, V.; Gilbert, H.; de Wijn, A. G.; Roth, M.; Gosain, S.; Upton, L. A.; Katsukawa, Y.; Burkepile, J.; Zhang, Jie; Reardon, K. P.; Bertello, L.; Jain, K.; Tripathy, S. C.; Leka, K. D. (2022-11-12). "Helio2024 Science White Paper: ngGONG -- Future Ground-based Facilities for Research in Heliophysics and Space Weather Operational Forecast". arXiv:2211.06712 [astro-ph.IM].
December 07, 2023
global, oscillations, network, group, global, oscillation, network, group, gong, worldwide, network, identical, telescopes, designed, have, observations, network, serves, multiple, purposes, including, provision, operation, data, space, weather, prediction, st. The Global Oscillation Network Group GONG is a worldwide network of six identical telescopes designed to have 24 7 observations of the Sun 1 The network serves multiple purposes including the provision of operation data for use in space weather prediction 2 and the study of solar internal structure and dynamics using helioseismology Global Oscillation Network Group GONG Map of GONG stationsAlternative namesGlobal Oscillation Network GroupLocation s Spain Australia United States of America India ChileCoordinatesgong wbr nso wbr edu wbr sites wbr lat wbr long wbr elv wbr htmlOrganizationNSO Integrated Synoptic Program NISP Built1995Telescope stylesolar observatory Websitegong wbr nso wbr edu Related media on Commons edit on Wikidata Deployed in 1995 GONG is a set of six observing systems geographically distributed around the Earth so that the Sun can be observed as continuously as possible The six observatories are the Teide Observatory Canary Islands the Learmonth Solar Observatory Western Australia the Big Bear Solar Observatory California the Mauna Loa Observatory Hawaii the Udaipur Solar Observatory India and the Cerro Tololo Inter American Observatory Chile With these sites GONG typically can observe the Sun 91 of the time 24 7 3 GONG was constructed to provide observations for helioseismology which aims to understand the solar interior by analyzing the sound waves that are trapped in it In 2001 the original GONG detectors were upgraded to 1000 x 1000 pixels and continuous magnetograms were implemented and the new system is known as GONG While GONG still provides helioseismology data it now also provides full disk solar magnetic field maps magnetograms every minute and full disk images of the Sun in the wavelength of the Hydrogen a Ha spectral line every 20 seconds These data products are used for research into the solar magnetic field and chromosphere but are also essential inputs into forecasts of space weather The NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center SWPC the US Airforce 557th Weather Wing and the NASA Community Coordinated Modeling Center CCMC all use GONG data to predict space weather conditions The GONG Project is managed by the National Solar Observatory s Integrated Synoptic Program NISP which is operated by AURA Inc under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation GONG has been in operation since 1995 and is aging rapidly To replace it NSO is proposing to design and build a next generation Ground based solar Observing Network provisionally named ngGONG 4 GONG Gallery edit nbsp GONG shelter in Learmonth Australia nbsp GONG shelter at Mauna Loa Hawai i nbsp GONG at Big Bear Solar Observatory CaliforniaExternal links editGONG info at the National Solar Observatory site Harvey J W Hill F Hubbard R P Kennedy J R Leibacher J W Pintar J A Gilman P A Noyes R W Title A M Toomre J Ulrich R K Bhatnagar A Kennewell J A Marquette W Patron J Saa O Yasukawa E 31 May 1996 The Global Oscillation Network Group GONG Project Science 272 5266 1284 1286 doi 10 1126 science 272 5266 1284 Hill Frank October 2018 The Global Oscillation Network Group Facility An Example of Research to Operations in Space Weather Space Weather 16 10 1488 1497 doi 10 1029 2018SW002001 Jain Kiran Tripathy Sushanta C Hill Frank Pevtsov Alexei A 2021 10 01 Continuous Solar Observations from the Ground Assessing Duty Cycle from GONG Observations Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 133 1028 105001 arXiv 2110 06319 Bibcode 2021PASP 133j5001J doi 10 1088 1538 3873 ac24d5 ISSN 0004 6280 S2CID 238362018 Pevtsov Alexei A Martinez Pillet V Gilbert H de Wijn A G Roth M Gosain S Upton L A Katsukawa Y Burkepile J Zhang Jie Reardon K P Bertello L Jain K Tripathy S C Leka K D 2022 11 12 Helio2024 Science White Paper ngGONG Future Ground based Facilities for Research in Heliophysics and Space Weather Operational Forecast arXiv 2211 06712 astro ph IM Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Global Oscillations Network Group amp oldid 1152188616, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
