Georissus, also called minute mud-loving beetles, is the only genus in the beetle family Georissidae (or Georyssidae). They are tiny insects living in wet soil, often near water. They are found on every continent except Antarctica.
Georissidae are small beetles (length 1–2 mm). They have a broadly oval body whose outline is more or less interrupted between the pronotum and the elytra. The head and pronotum are granulate, the prosternum is rudimentary, without intercoxal processes. The anterior coxae and trochanters are fused. The basal ventrite is very large.[2]
Ecologyedit
Species are generally found within mud and sand at the periphery of rivers and streams, but also occur in tropical rainforest leaf litter. Species of Georissus are predators on invertebrates, and under laboratory conditions sometimes engage in cannibalism.[3] Species within the genus are known for their habit of psammophory (actively covering their elytra with sand or mud) which helps protect them against predators.[4]
Systematics and evolutionedit
There are about 75 living species, including:
Georissus australis
Georissus babai
Georissus bipartitus
Georissus caelatus
Georissus californicus
Georissus canalifer
Georissus capitatus
Georissus coelosternus
Georissus costatus
Georissus crenulatus
Georissus formosanus
Georissus fusicornis
Georissus granulosus
Georissus instabilis
Georissus japonicus
Georissus kingii
Georissus kurosawai
Georissus laesicollis
Georissus minusculus
Georissus occidentalis
Georissus pusillus
Georissus sakaii
Georissus septemcostatus
Georissus substriatus
Georissus trifossulatus
The genus is divided into three subgenera (Georissus, Neogeorissus and Nipponogeorissus). Formerly it was included within the family Hydrophilidae. Recent molecular data indicate, that they belong to a clade comprising the small groups of Hydrophiloidea - Epimetopidae, Hydrochidae, Helophoridae and Georissidae.[5]
Referencesedit
^Bouchard, Patrice; Bousquet, Yves; Davies, Anthony E.; Alonso-Zarazaga, Miguel A.; Lawrence, John F.; Lyal, Chris H. C.; Newton, Alfred F.; Reid, Chris A. M.; Schmitt, Michael; Ślipiński, S. Adam; Smith, Andrew B. T. (2011). "Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta)". ZooKeys (88): 1–972. doi:10.3897/zookeys.88.807. PMC3088472. PMID 21594053.
^M.Hansen. Phylogeny and classification of the staphyliniform beetle families (Coleoptera). Biologiske Skrifter 48, Copenhagen, 1997
^"12. Hydrophiloidea Latreille, 1802". Volume 1 Coleoptera, Beetles. Morphology and Systematics, edited by Rolf G. Beutel and Richard A.B. Leschen, Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2016, pp. 231-272.
^Bameul, Franck (1989-01-01). "Description of the camouflage behaviour of a Coleoptera: The active disguise of Georissus crenulatus (Coleoptera Georissidae), and proposal of a new classification of disguises among invertebrates". 309: 351–356. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
^D.Bernhard et al., From terrestrial to aquatic habitats and back again — molecular insights into the evolution and phylogeny of Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera) using multigene analyses. Zoologica Scripta 35 (6), 597–606, 2006
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georissus, also, called, minute, loving, beetles, only, genus, beetle, family, georissidae, georyssidae, they, tiny, insects, living, soil, often, near, water, they, found, every, continent, except, antarctica, crenulatusscientific, classificationdomain, eukar. Georissus also called minute mud loving beetles is the only genus in the beetle family Georissidae or Georyssidae They are tiny insects living in wet soil often near water They are found on every continent except Antarctica GeorissusG crenulatusScientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ArthropodaClass InsectaOrder ColeopteraInfraorder StaphyliniformiaSuperfamily HydrophiloideaFamily GeorissidaeLaporte 1840 1 Genus GeorissusLatreille 1809Speciessee text Contents 1 Characteristics 2 Ecology 3 Systematics and evolution 4 ReferencesCharacteristics editGeorissidae are small beetles length 1 2 mm They have a broadly oval body whose outline is more or less interrupted between the pronotum and the elytra The head and pronotum are granulate the prosternum is rudimentary without intercoxal processes The anterior coxae and trochanters are fused The basal ventrite is very large 2 Ecology editSpecies are generally found within mud and sand at the periphery of rivers and streams but also occur in tropical rainforest leaf litter Species of Georissus are predators on invertebrates and under laboratory conditions sometimes engage in cannibalism 3 Species within the genus are known for their habit of psammophory actively covering their elytra with sand or mud which helps protect them against predators 4 Systematics and evolution editThere are about 75 living species including Georissus australis Georissus babai Georissus bipartitus Georissus caelatus Georissus californicus Georissus canalifer Georissus capitatus Georissus coelosternus Georissus costatus Georissus crenulatus Georissus formosanus Georissus fusicornis Georissus granulosus Georissus instabilis Georissus japonicus Georissus kingii Georissus kurosawai Georissus laesicollis Georissus minusculus Georissus occidentalis Georissus pusillus Georissus sakaii Georissus septemcostatus Georissus substriatus Georissus trifossulatusThe genus is divided into three subgenera Georissus Neogeorissus and Nipponogeorissus Formerly it was included within the family Hydrophilidae Recent molecular data indicate that they belong to a clade comprising the small groups of Hydrophiloidea Epimetopidae Hydrochidae Helophoridae and Georissidae 5 References edit Bouchard Patrice Bousquet Yves Davies Anthony E Alonso Zarazaga Miguel A Lawrence John F Lyal Chris H C Newton Alfred F Reid Chris A M Schmitt Michael Slipinski S Adam Smith Andrew B T 2011 Family group names in Coleoptera Insecta ZooKeys 88 1 972 doi 10 3897 zookeys 88 807 PMC 3088472 PMID 21594053 M Hansen Phylogeny and classification of the staphyliniform beetle families Coleoptera Biologiske Skrifter 48 Copenhagen 1997 12 Hydrophiloidea Latreille 1802 Volume 1 Coleoptera Beetles Morphology and Systematics edited by Rolf G Beutel and Richard A B Leschen Berlin Boston De Gruyter 2016 pp 231 272 Bameul Franck 1989 01 01 Description of the camouflage behaviour of a Coleoptera The active disguise of Georissus crenulatus Coleoptera Georissidae and proposal of a new classification of disguises among invertebrates 309 351 356 a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a Cite journal requires journal help D Bernhard et al From terrestrial to aquatic habitats and back again molecular insights into the evolution and phylogeny of Hydrophiloidea Coleoptera using multigene analyses Zoologica Scripta 35 6 597 606 2006 This Polyphaga related article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Georissus amp oldid 1122962383, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
