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Wikipedia

Gatineau River

January 07, 2023

The Gatineau River (French: Rivière Gatineau, French pronunciation: ​[gatino]) is a river in western Quebec, Canada, which rises in lakes north of the Baskatong Reservoir and flows south to join the Ottawa River at the city of Gatineau, Quebec. The river is 386 kilometres (240 mi) long and drains an area of 23,700 square kilometres (9,200 sq mi).

Gatineau River
Rivière Gatineau
The upper Gatineau River
Map of the Ottawa River drainage basin with the Gatineau River
Location
CountryCanada
ProvinceQuebec
RegionOutaouais
Physical characteristics
SourceUnnamed wilderness
 • locationnear boundary between Outaouais and Mauricie regions
MouthOttawa River
 • location
City of Gatineau
 • coordinates
45°27′15″N 75°41′42″W / 45.45417°N 75.69500°W / 45.45417; -75.69500Coordinates: 45°27′15″N 75°41′42″W / 45.45417°N 75.69500°W / 45.45417; -75.69500
Length386 km (240 mi)[1]
Basin size23,724 km2 (9,160 sq mi)[1]
Discharge 
 • locationPaugan Power Station[1]
 • average350 m3/s (12,000 cu ft/s)[1]
Basin features
ProgressionOttawa River→ Saint Lawrence River→ Gulf of Saint Lawrence
River systemOttawa River drainage basin

While it has been said that the river's name comes from Nicolas Gatineau (sometimes spelled Gastineau), a fur trader who is said to have drowned in the river in 1683, the original inhabitants, the Algonquin Anicinabek, assert that the name comes from their language. The name they give the river is "Te-nagàdino-zìbi", which means "The River that Stops [One's Journey]".

Geography

The geography of the area was altered with the construction of the Baskatong Reservoir, and it is still possible to travel upstream on the Gatineau and reach a point where a small portage leads to the headwaters of the Ottawa River. The Ottawa River then flows northwest and turns south where it eventually flows more easterly and connects with the Gatineau.

The river flows through the communities of:

A covered wooden bridge over the river at Wakefield, built in 1915, was destroyed by arson in 1984, but has been rebuilt.

History

Exploration and naming

 
Draveurs Bridge (highway 50-route 148) crossing Gatineau River (view upstream on October 7, 2018, from Jacques-Cartier street).
 
Gatineau River near Farrellton, circa 1930

This river was an important transportation corridor for native people of the region and early explorers. On June 4, 1613, Samuel de Champlain passed here while travelling on the Ottawa River to L'Isle-aux-Allumettes.

He noted this "river coming from the north" but did not give its name.

According to the Bulletin des recherches historiques (1895), the land-surveyor Noël Beaupré wrote an official report on the river on February 3, 1721, but without naming it, leaving it unclear if its current name was in use in the 18th century.

In 1783, in a report to the governor Frederick Haldimand, lieutenant David Jones called the river by the name "River Lettinoe". According to Lucien Brault (History of Pointe-Gatineau, 1948), this would be the first written reference to the name Gatineau. On the charts of his account from 1830, but recalling events from the beginning of the 19th century, the traveller and fur trader Jean-Baptiste Perrault called the river "nàgàtinong" or "àgatinung".

On a plan of the Rideau Canal, drawn by lieutenant-colonel John By in 1831, the river is called "Gatteno". Finally, "R. Gatineau" appears on the chart of William Henderson in 1831, and on the one of Thomas Guesses, in 1861.

This name recollects the memory of a fur trader from the 17th century, Nicolas Gatineau or Gastineau. Inhabitant of Trois-Rivières, he had traded near a river located between the Ottawa and Saint-Maurice Rivers, which was then customarily called river of Gatineau. But according to Raymond Douville, at the end of the 17th century Louis (1674−1750) and Jean-Baptiste (1671−1750), sons of Nicolas, established a trading post, or just a supply post, on a point located at the mouth of the river, site of the future Point-Gatineau. Therefore, the toponym given to the river is more likely a credit to the Gatineau sons than to Nicolas.[2]

Economic uses

 
Chelsea Hydroelectric Station and dam

From the 19th century until 1991, the river was used to transport logs to sawmills near the mouth of the river. Philemon Wright and his descendants played an important role in the development of the lumber industry in the Gatineau valley. In more recent times, with declining quality in the forests of the region, logs were used for pulp and paper.

The river has been extensively dammed and is an important source of hydroelectric power. In 1925, three hydroelectric dams were constructed along the lower Gatineau River, making them one of the biggest economic and industrial projects in the region's history. These are now known today as the Paugan, Chelsea and Rapides-Farmers Hydroelectric Stations (Centrale Paugan, Centrale Chelsea and Centrale Rapides-Farmers). The stations are located within the municipalities of Low, Cantley and Gatineau.[3]

The Hull-Chelsea-Wakefield Railway, a tourist steam train, followed a route up the Gatineau valley to Wakefield.

In 1915, Canadian artist and member of the Group of Seven J. E. H. MacDonald would depicted logging operations on the river is his painting, Logs on the Gatineau.[4]

Flooding

In the spring of 1974, there was extensive flooding along the Gatineau.

 
View of Lady-Aberdeen bridge on Gatineau River, seen from left bank (Jacques-Cartier street) in Gatineau on october 7, 2018.

Tributaries

Major tributaries of the Gatineau River in upstream order are:[5]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d Ottawa Gatineau Watershed Atlas - Gatineau River Watershed Profile 2010-06-05 at the Wayback Machine
  2. ^ Commission de toponymie du Québec
  3. ^ "Chelsea and Farmers Hydroelectric Dams". Retrieved February 21, 2016.
  4. ^ Silcox, David P. (2011). The Group of Seven and Tom Thomson. Richmond Hill: Firefly Books. pp. 211, 256. ISBN 978-1554078851.
  5. ^ Atlas of Canada

External links

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Gatineau River.
  • Festival d'eau vive de la Haute-Gatineau - A festival dedicated to the preservation of rivers.

January 07, 2023
gatineau, river, french, rivière, gatineau, french, pronunciation, gatino, river, western, quebec, canada, which, rises, lakes, north, baskatong, reservoir, flows, south, join, ottawa, river, city, gatineau, quebec, river, kilometres, long, drains, area, squar. The Gatineau River French Riviere Gatineau French pronunciation gatino is a river in western Quebec Canada which rises in lakes north of the Baskatong Reservoir and flows south to join the Ottawa River at the city of Gatineau Quebec The river is 386 kilometres 240 mi long and drains an area of 23 700 square kilometres 9 200 sq mi Gatineau RiverRiviere GatineauThe upper Gatineau RiverMap of the Ottawa River drainage basin with the Gatineau RiverLocationCountryCanadaProvinceQuebecRegionOutaouaisPhysical characteristicsSourceUnnamed wilderness locationnear boundary between Outaouais and Mauricie regionsMouthOttawa River locationCity of Gatineau coordinates45 27 15 N 75 41 42 W 45 45417 N 75 69500 W 45 45417 75 69500 Coordinates 45 27 15 N 75 41 42 W 45 45417 N 75 69500 W 45 45417 75 69500Length386 km 240 mi 1 Basin size23 724 km2 9 160 sq mi 1 Discharge locationPaugan Power Station 1 average350 m3 s 12 000 cu ft s 1 Basin featuresProgressionOttawa River Saint Lawrence River Gulf of Saint LawrenceRiver systemOttawa River drainage basinWhile it has been said that the river s name comes from Nicolas Gatineau sometimes spelled Gastineau a fur trader who is said to have drowned in the river in 1683 the original inhabitants the Algonquin Anicinabek assert that the name comes from their language The name they give the river is Te nagadino zibi which means The River that Stops One s Journey Contents 1 Geography 2 History 2 1 Exploration and naming 2 2 Economic uses 2 3 Flooding 3 Tributaries 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksGeography EditThe geography of the area was altered with the construction of the Baskatong Reservoir and it is still possible to travel upstream on the Gatineau and reach a point where a small portage leads to the headwaters of the Ottawa River The Ottawa River then flows northwest and turns south where it eventually flows more easterly and connects with the Gatineau The river flows through the communities of Maniwaki Gracefield Low Wakefield Chelsea Cantley GatineauA covered wooden bridge over the river at Wakefield built in 1915 was destroyed by arson in 1984 but has been rebuilt History EditExploration and naming Edit Draveurs Bridge highway 50 route 148 crossing Gatineau River view upstream on October 7 2018 from Jacques Cartier street Gatineau River near Farrellton circa 1930 This river was an important transportation corridor for native people of the region and early explorers On June 4 1613 Samuel de Champlain passed here while travelling on the Ottawa River to L Isle aux Allumettes He noted this river coming from the north but did not give its name According to the Bulletin des recherches historiques 1895 the land surveyor Noel Beaupre wrote an official report on the river on February 3 1721 but without naming it leaving it unclear if its current name was in use in the 18th century In 1783 in a report to the governor Frederick Haldimand lieutenant David Jones called the river by the name River Lettinoe According to Lucien Brault History of Pointe Gatineau 1948 this would be the first written reference to the name Gatineau On the charts of his account from 1830 but recalling events from the beginning of the 19th century the traveller and fur trader Jean Baptiste Perrault called the river nagatinong or agatinung On a plan of the Rideau Canal drawn by lieutenant colonel John By in 1831 the river is called Gatteno Finally R Gatineau appears on the chart of William Henderson in 1831 and on the one of Thomas Guesses in 1861 This name recollects the memory of a fur trader from the 17th century Nicolas Gatineau or Gastineau Inhabitant of Trois Rivieres he had traded near a river located between the Ottawa and Saint Maurice Rivers which was then customarily called river of Gatineau But according to Raymond Douville at the end of the 17th century Louis 1674 1750 and Jean Baptiste 1671 1750 sons of Nicolas established a trading post or just a supply post on a point located at the mouth of the river site of the future Point Gatineau Therefore the toponym given to the river is more likely a credit to the Gatineau sons than to Nicolas 2 Economic uses Edit Chelsea Hydroelectric Station and dam From the 19th century until 1991 the river was used to transport logs to sawmills near the mouth of the river Philemon Wright and his descendants played an important role in the development of the lumber industry in the Gatineau valley In more recent times with declining quality in the forests of the region logs were used for pulp and paper The river has been extensively dammed and is an important source of hydroelectric power In 1925 three hydroelectric dams were constructed along the lower Gatineau River making them one of the biggest economic and industrial projects in the region s history These are now known today as the Paugan Chelsea and Rapides Farmers Hydroelectric Stations Centrale Paugan Centrale Chelsea and Centrale Rapides Farmers The stations are located within the municipalities of Low Cantley and Gatineau 3 The Hull Chelsea Wakefield Railway a tourist steam train followed a route up the Gatineau valley to Wakefield J E H MacDonald Logs on the Gatineu 1915 Remai Modern Art Gallery of Saskatchewan Saskatoon In 1915 Canadian artist and member of the Group of Seven J E H MacDonald would depicted logging operations on the river is his painting Logs on the Gatineau 4 Flooding Edit In the spring of 1974 there was extensive flooding along the Gatineau View of Lady Aberdeen bridge on Gatineau River seen from left bank Jacques Cartier street in Gatineau on october 7 2018 Tributaries EditMajor tributaries of the Gatineau River in upstream order are 5 La Peche River Kazabazua River Picanoc River Grand Lac Rond Thirty one Mile Lake Riviere Desert Riviere de l Aigle Eagle River Tomasine River Desert Lake Ignace River Baskatong Reservoir Gens de Terre River Wapus River Belinge River Cabonga Reservoir Riviere d Argent Notawassi River Petawaga River Petawaga Lake Bazin River Riviere aux Bleuets Riviere a la Marte Marten River Dandurand River Riviere du Canot Canoe River Choquette River Chabot River Fortier River Chouart River Tamarac River Clova RiverSee also EditChemin de fer de l Outaouais List of Quebec riversReferences Edit a b c d Ottawa Gatineau Watershed Atlas Gatineau River Watershed Profile Archived 2010 06 05 at the Wayback Machine Commission de toponymie du Quebec Chelsea and Farmers Hydroelectric Dams Retrieved February 21 2016 Silcox David P 2011 The Group of Seven and Tom Thomson Richmond Hill Firefly Books pp 211 256 ISBN 978 1554078851 Atlas of CanadaExternal links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Gatineau River Ottawa Gatineau Watershed Atlas Gatineau River Festival d eau vive de la Haute Gatineau A festival dedicated to the preservation of rivers Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Gatineau River amp oldid 1123671155, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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