The discovery images were taken in 2011 and common proper motion was confirmed in 2012 as part of the Strategic Explorations of Exoplanets and Disks with Subaru (SEEDS) survey. The SEEDS survey aims to detect and characterize giant planets and circumstellar disks using the 8.2-meter Subaru Telescope. In February 2013 Kuzuhara et al. submitted the discovery paper to The Astrophysical Journal, and in September it was published.[3] A follow-up study published in the October 2013 edition of the Astrophysical Journal confirmed methane absorption in the infrared H band, the first time this has been done for a directly imaged planet that formed within a disk.[5]
Labeled NASA composite image, combining Subaru images of GJ 504 using two near-infrared wavelengths (orange, 1.6 micrometers, taken in May 2011; blue, 1.2 micrometers, April 2012). Once processed to remove scattered starlight, the images reveal the orbiting planet, GJ 504b.
Propertiesedit
GJ 504 b's spectral type was originally projected to be late T or early Y, and a follow-up study estimated that a T8 spectral type was the best fit.[5] Its effective temperature is 544±10 К (271±10 °C),[2] much cooler than previously imaged exoplanets with a clear planetary origin. The angular separation of the planet from its parent star is about 2.5 arcseconds, corresponding to a projected separation of 43.5 AU,[3] which is nearly nine times the distance between Jupiter and the Sun, which poses a challenge to theoretical ideas of how giant planets form.[4] This planet is seen as an excellent target for detailed spectroscopic characterization due to its proximity to Earth and its wide separation.
Estimated mass of Gliese 504 b depends on the value of its age, which is poorly known. The discoverers adopted age value 0.16+0.35 −0.06Gyr and estimated mass as 4.0+4.5 −1.0MJup.[3] In 2015, other astronomers obtained age value 4.5+2.0 −1.5 Gyr, which corresponds to 20-30 MJup. In this case, the object is a brown dwarf rather than a planet.[6] In 2017, an intermediate age value 2.5+1.0 −0.7 Gyr was published.[7]
Radius of Gliese 504 b is estimated as 0.96 ± 0.07 RJ.[2]
Notesedit
^In spite of names of some exoplanets, derived from theirs host stars Flamsteed designations (for example, 51 Pegasi b, 61 Virginis b, 70 Virginis b etc.), the discoverers of this exoplanet did not use a similar name (i.e. "59 Virginis b") to refer to it, but used the designation "GJ 504 b" instead, derived from the Gliese–Jahreiß identifier of its parent star "GJ 504".
Referencesedit
^ abcdefBlunt, Sarah; et al. (2017). "Orbits for the Impatient: A Bayesian Rejection-sampling Method for Quickly Fitting the Orbits of Long-period Exoplanets". The Astronomical Journal. 153 (5). 229. arXiv:1703.10653. Bibcode:2017AJ....153..229B. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa6930. S2CID 119223138.
^ abcdSkemer, A. J.; Morley, C. V.; Zimmerman, N. T.; et al. (2016). "The LEECH Exoplanet Imaging Survey: Characterization of the Coldest Directly Imaged Exoplanet, GJ 504 b, and Evidence for Superstellar Metallicity". The Astrophysical Journal. 817 (2): 166. arXiv:1511.09183. Bibcode:2016ApJ...817..166S. doi:10.3847/0004-637X/817/2/166. S2CID 53067987.
^ abcdKuzuhara, M.; Tamura, M.; Kudo, T.; Janson, M.; Kandori, R.; Brandt, T. D.; Thalmann, C.; Spiegel, D.; Biller, B.; et al. (2013). "Direct Imaging of a Cold Jovian Exoplanet in Orbit around the Sun-like Star GJ 504". The Astrophysical Journal. 774 (11): 11. arXiv:1307.2886. Bibcode:2013ApJ...774...11K. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/774/1/11. S2CID 53343537.
^ ab. NASA. 2013-08-05. Archived from the original on 2017-06-29.
^ abJanson, M.; Brandt, T. D.; Kuzuhara, M.; et al. (2013). "Direct Imaging Detection of Methane in the Atmosphere of GJ 504 b". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 778 (1): L4. arXiv:1310.4183. Bibcode:2013ApJ...778L...4J. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/778/1/L4. S2CID 53394946.
^Fuhrmann, K.; Chini, R. (2015). "On the age of Gliese 504". The Astrophysical Journal. 806 (2): 163. Bibcode:2015ApJ...806..163F. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/806/2/163. S2CID 5694316.
^D'Orazi, V.; Desidera, S.; Gratton, R. G.; et al. (2017). "A critical reassessment of the fundamental properties of GJ 504: chemical composition and age". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 598: A19. arXiv:1609.02530. Bibcode:2017A&A...598A..19D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201629283. S2CID 54515711.
gliese, often, shortened, jovian, planet, brown, dwarf, located, system, solar, analog, virginis, note, discovered, direct, imaging, using, hiciao, instrument, ao188, adaptive, optics, system, meter, subaru, telescope, mauna, observatory, hawaii, kuzuhara, vis. Gliese 504 b often shortened to GJ 504 b is a Jovian planet or brown dwarf located in the system of the solar analog 59 Virginis GJ 504 note 1 discovered by direct imaging using HiCIAO instrument and AO188 adaptive optics system on the 8 2 meter Subaru Telescope of Mauna Kea Observatory Hawaii by Kuzuhara et al 3 Visually GJ 504 b would have a dull magenta color 4 Gliese 504 bNASA artist s impression of Gliese 504 b DiscoveryDiscovered byKuzuhara et al Discovery siteSubaru TelescopeDiscovery date2013Detection methodDirect imagingDesignationsAlternative namesGJ 504 b 59 Virginis b e Virginis b HD 115383 b HIP 64792 bOrbital characteristicsSemi major axis31 129 AUEccentricity0 01 0 62 1 Orbital period sidereal 155 1332 1 yInclination111 171 1 Longitude of ascending node8 173 1 Time of periastron2005 07 2825 03 1 Argument of periastron4 176 1 Star59 Virginis GJ 504 Physical characteristicsMean radius0 96 0 07 2 RJMass various estimates see text MJTemperature544 10 K 271 10 C 2 Contents 1 History of observation 2 Properties 3 Notes 4 References 5 External linksHistory of observation editThe discovery images were taken in 2011 and common proper motion was confirmed in 2012 as part of the Strategic Explorations of Exoplanets and Disks with Subaru SEEDS survey The SEEDS survey aims to detect and characterize giant planets and circumstellar disks using the 8 2 meter Subaru Telescope In February 2013 Kuzuhara et al submitted the discovery paper to The Astrophysical Journal and in September it was published 3 A follow up study published in the October 2013 edition of the Astrophysical Journal confirmed methane absorption in the infrared H band the first time this has been done for a directly imaged planet that formed within a disk 5 nbsp Labeled NASA composite image combining Subaru images of GJ 504 using two near infrared wavelengths orange 1 6 micrometers taken in May 2011 blue 1 2 micrometers April 2012 Once processed to remove scattered starlight the images reveal the orbiting planet GJ 504b Properties editGJ 504 b s spectral type was originally projected to be late T or early Y and a follow up study estimated that a T8 spectral type was the best fit 5 Its effective temperature is 544 10 K 271 10 C 2 much cooler than previously imaged exoplanets with a clear planetary origin The angular separation of the planet from its parent star is about 2 5 arcseconds corresponding to a projected separation of 43 5 AU 3 which is nearly nine times the distance between Jupiter and the Sun which poses a challenge to theoretical ideas of how giant planets form 4 This planet is seen as an excellent target for detailed spectroscopic characterization due to its proximity to Earth and its wide separation Estimated mass of Gliese 504 b depends on the value of its age which is poorly known The discoverers adopted age value 0 16 0 35 0 06 Gyr and estimated mass as 4 0 4 5 1 0 MJup 3 In 2015 other astronomers obtained age value 4 5 2 0 1 5 Gyr which corresponds to 20 30 MJup In this case the object is a brown dwarf rather than a planet 6 In 2017 an intermediate age value 2 5 1 0 0 7 Gyr was published 7 Radius of Gliese 504 b is estimated as 0 96 0 07 RJ 2 Notes edit In spite of names of some exoplanets derived from theirs host stars Flamsteed designations for example 51 Pegasi b 61 Virginis b 70 Virginis b etc the discoverers of this exoplanet did not use a similar name i e 59 Virginis b to refer to it but used the designation GJ 504 b instead derived from the Gliese Jahreiss identifier of its parent star GJ 504 References edit a b c d e f Blunt Sarah et al 2017 Orbits for the Impatient A Bayesian Rejection sampling Method for Quickly Fitting the Orbits of Long period Exoplanets The Astronomical Journal 153 5 229 arXiv 1703 10653 Bibcode 2017AJ 153 229B doi 10 3847 1538 3881 aa6930 S2CID 119223138 a b c d Skemer A J Morley C V Zimmerman N T et al 2016 The LEECH Exoplanet Imaging Survey Characterization of the Coldest Directly Imaged Exoplanet GJ 504 b and Evidence for Superstellar Metallicity The Astrophysical Journal 817 2 166 arXiv 1511 09183 Bibcode 2016ApJ 817 166S doi 10 3847 0004 637X 817 2 166 S2CID 53067987 a b c d Kuzuhara M Tamura M Kudo T Janson M Kandori R Brandt T D Thalmann C Spiegel D Biller B et al 2013 Direct Imaging of a Cold Jovian Exoplanet in Orbit around the Sun like Star GJ 504 The Astrophysical Journal 774 11 11 arXiv 1307 2886 Bibcode 2013ApJ 774 11K doi 10 1088 0004 637X 774 1 11 S2CID 53343537 a b Astronomers Image Lowest mass Exoplanet Around a Sun like Star NASA 2013 08 05 Archived from the original on 2017 06 29 a b Janson M Brandt T D Kuzuhara M et al 2013 Direct Imaging Detection of Methane in the Atmosphere of GJ 504 b The Astrophysical Journal Letters 778 1 L4 arXiv 1310 4183 Bibcode 2013ApJ 778L 4J doi 10 1088 2041 8205 778 1 L4 S2CID 53394946 Fuhrmann K Chini R 2015 On the age of Gliese 504 The Astrophysical Journal 806 2 163 Bibcode 2015ApJ 806 163F doi 10 1088 0004 637X 806 2 163 S2CID 5694316 D Orazi V Desidera S Gratton R G et al 2017 A critical reassessment of the fundamental properties of GJ 504 chemical composition and age Astronomy amp Astrophysics 598 A19 arXiv 1609 02530 Bibcode 2017A amp A 598A 19D doi 10 1051 0004 6361 201629283 S2CID 54515711 External links edit GJ 504 b SIMBAD Centre de donnees astronomiques de Strasbourg Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Gliese 504 b amp oldid 1218154571, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
