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George Townsend Andrews

December 04, 2023

George Townsend Andrews (19 December 1804 – 29 December 1855) was an English architect[1] born in Exeter. He is noted for his buildings designed for George Hudson's railways, especially the York and North Midland Railway. Andrews' architect's practice in York did not confine itself to railway work, its other buildings including headquarters for two York-based banks and a number of churches.

Life edit

Andrews' roots lay in Jamaica and in London, but from the 1820s he was mainly in York. He was assistant to Peter Frederick Robinson.

He won a Society of Arts premium in 1824. He was a council member of the Yorkshire Architectural Society, and Sheriff of York in 1846-47, during George Hudson's third term as mayor.

In 1836 he was appointed a Fellow of the Institute of British Architects in London.

He died in York on 29 December 1855.[2]

Railway work edit

Andrews designed all the buildings, not only the stations, for the York and North Midland Railway (Y&NMR) from the middle of 1839 until the work dried up in 1849 following the downfall of George Hudson. Having designed the new York station jointly for the Y&NMR and the Great North of England Railway (GNER), he went on to design buildings for the GNER as far north as Northallerton. He designed all the buildings for the Newcastle and Darlington Junction Railway and the Yorkshire buildings of the York, Newcastle and Berwick Railway.

The Y&NMR opened its first section from a temporary station outside the walls of York in May 1839 but Hudson wanted to bring the railway into the heart of York, which meant breaching the city walls. Andrews provided the favoured design for the requisite entry in the form of a Tudor arch. The new station was laid out to a plan by Robert Stephenson, which was a development of his plan for Euston station making allowances for York's status as a junction. Andrews designed the station buildings. They comprised two separate trainsheds, joined at each end, producing a hipped appearance, which became one of Andrew's trademarks. Each shed was (like Euston) of 40 ft span and the roof was supported by wrought iron "Euston trusses", giving a more slender airy construction than contemporary wooden station roofs. The train sheds were clad with slate on wooden planking, with the portion nearest the apex being glazed. The main station facilities were ranged along the departure platform with a central booking office flanked by the waiting rooms for each class (and a separate waiting room for ladies); provision was also made for parcels traffic, left luggage, the station master and the maintenance of lamps. On the first floor was the Y&NMR boardroom and offices. Adjacent to the arrivals platform were 1st and 2nd class refreshment rooms and a bar with bedrooms above.

Due to delays in agreeing the building design with the GNER the station was incomplete when services started running to London. It finally opened on 4 January 1841.

The station at York embodied many of the features Andrews was to use in his other medium and large stations for the Y&NMR, in particular the hipped roof supported by "Euston trusses" but in later examples, the glazed portion of the roof was raised and given louvered sides to let smoke and steam out. Locomotives were not originally expected to enter York station but later that roof too was modified. Other features characteristic of Andrew's buildings include marked overhanging eaves and chimney stacks with an arch over the apex of the roof.

Stations edit

 
Andrews' Filey railway station
 
Beverley Station

Stations with an overall roof are denoted thus: Station Name

Y&NMR Main Line 1839 edit

GNER Main Line 1839 edit

York to Scarborough, Y&NMR 1845 edit

 
Castle Howard Station Lineside Elevation Drawing

Rillington Junction to Whitby, Y&NMR 1845-7 edit

Seamer to Hull, Y&NMR, 1846-7 edit

York to Market Weighton, Y&NMR 1847 edit

Non-railway work edit

References edit

  1. ^ Brodie, Antonia (20 December 2001). Directory of British Architects 1834-1914: Vol 1 (A-K). Royal Institute of British Architects. p. 45. ISBN 0826455131.
  2. ^ "Deaths". Beverley Guardian. Beverley. 12 January 1856. Retrieved 22 June 2015.

External links edit

  Media related to George Townsend Andrews at Wikimedia Commons

December 04, 2023
george, townsend, andrews, december, 1804, december, 1855, english, architect, born, exeter, noted, buildings, designed, george, hudson, railways, especially, york, north, midland, railway, andrews, architect, practice, york, confine, itself, railway, work, ot. George Townsend Andrews 19 December 1804 29 December 1855 was an English architect 1 born in Exeter He is noted for his buildings designed for George Hudson s railways especially the York and North Midland Railway Andrews architect s practice in York did not confine itself to railway work its other buildings including headquarters for two York based banks and a number of churches Contents 1 Life 2 Railway work 3 Stations 3 1 Y amp NMR Main Line 1839 3 2 GNER Main Line 1839 3 3 York to Scarborough Y amp NMR 1845 3 4 Rillington Junction to Whitby Y amp NMR 1845 7 3 5 Seamer to Hull Y amp NMR 1846 7 3 6 York to Market Weighton Y amp NMR 1847 4 Non railway work 5 References 6 External linksLife editAndrews roots lay in Jamaica and in London but from the 1820s he was mainly in York He was assistant to Peter Frederick Robinson He won a Society of Arts premium in 1824 He was a council member of the Yorkshire Architectural Society and Sheriff of York in 1846 47 during George Hudson s third term as mayor In 1836 he was appointed a Fellow of the Institute of British Architects in London He died in York on 29 December 1855 2 Railway work editAndrews designed all the buildings not only the stations for the York and North Midland Railway Y amp NMR from the middle of 1839 until the work dried up in 1849 following the downfall of George Hudson Having designed the new York station jointly for the Y amp NMR and the Great North of England Railway GNER he went on to design buildings for the GNER as far north as Northallerton He designed all the buildings for the Newcastle and Darlington Junction Railway and the Yorkshire buildings of the York Newcastle and Berwick Railway The Y amp NMR opened its first section from a temporary station outside the walls of York in May 1839 but Hudson wanted to bring the railway into the heart of York which meant breaching the city walls Andrews provided the favoured design for the requisite entry in the form of a Tudor arch The new station was laid out to a plan by Robert Stephenson which was a development of his plan for Euston station making allowances for York s status as a junction Andrews designed the station buildings They comprised two separate trainsheds joined at each end producing a hipped appearance which became one of Andrew s trademarks Each shed was like Euston of 40 ft span and the roof was supported by wrought iron Euston trusses giving a more slender airy construction than contemporary wooden station roofs The train sheds were clad with slate on wooden planking with the portion nearest the apex being glazed The main station facilities were ranged along the departure platform with a central booking office flanked by the waiting rooms for each class and a separate waiting room for ladies provision was also made for parcels traffic left luggage the station master and the maintenance of lamps On the first floor was the Y amp NMR boardroom and offices Adjacent to the arrivals platform were 1st and 2nd class refreshment rooms and a bar with bedrooms above Due to delays in agreeing the building design with the GNER the station was incomplete when services started running to London It finally opened on 4 January 1841 The station at York embodied many of the features Andrews was to use in his other medium and large stations for the Y amp NMR in particular the hipped roof supported by Euston trusses but in later examples the glazed portion of the roof was raised and given louvered sides to let smoke and steam out Locomotives were not originally expected to enter York station but later that roof too was modified Other features characteristic of Andrew s buildings include marked overhanging eaves and chimney stacks with an arch over the apex of the roof Stations edit nbsp Andrews Filey railway station nbsp Beverley StationStations with an overall roof are denoted thus Station Name Y amp NMR Main Line 1839 edit York opened 1841 Y amp NMR station closed 1877 roof removed 1967 Ulleskelf Bolton Percy closed Castleford Sherburn in Elmet Normanton opened 1840 G T Andrews Italian Villa style station opened September 1841GNER Main Line 1839 edit York opened 1841 Y amp NMR station closed 1877 roof removed 1967 Alne closed Raskelf closed Shipton closed Sessay closedYork to Scarborough Y amp NMR 1845 edit Haxby closed 1930 Strensall closed 1930 Flaxton closed 1930 Barton renamed Barton Hill 1853 closed 1930 Howsham closed 1849 Kirkham Abbey closed 1930 Castle Howard closed 1930 nbsp Castle Howard Station Lineside Elevation DrawingHuttons renamed Huttons Ambo 1885 closed 1930 Malton roof removed 1989 Rillington closed 1930 roof removed 1955 Knapton closed 1930 Heslerton closed 1930 Sherburn renamed Wykeham 1874 renamed Weaverthorpe 1882 closed 1930 Ganton closed 1930 Seamer Scarborough Central opened 1845Rillington Junction to Whitby Y amp NMR 1845 7 edit Marishes Road closed 1965 Kirby closed 1858 Pickering roof removed 1952 closed 1965 re opened NYMR 1973 replica GT Andrews design roof now in place Levisham closed 1965 re opened NYMR 1973 Goathland Incline Top closed 1865 Grosmont Sleights Ruswarp Whitby roof removed 1953Seamer to Hull Y amp NMR 1846 7 edit Cayton closed 1952 Gristhorpe closed 1959 Filey Hunmanby Speeton closed 1970 Bempton Marton renamed Flamborough 1884 closed 1970 Bridlington roof removed 1961 Carnaby closed 1970 Burton Agnes closed 1970 Lowthorpe closed 1970 Nafferton Driffield roof removed 1949 Hutton Cranswick Lockington closed 1960 Arram Beverley Cottingham Hull Paragon opened 1848 roof replaced 1904York to Market Weighton Y amp NMR 1847 edit Earswick closed 1965 Warthill closed 1959 Holtby closed 1939 Stamford Bridge closed 1965 Fangfoss closed 1959 Pocklington closed 1965 Nunburnholme closed 1951 Londesborough closed 1965 Market Weighton roof removed 1947 closed 1965Non railway work editthe original buildings of York St John University the de Grey Rooms head offices for two banks and the Yorkshire Insurance Company now Harkers pub on St Helen s Square the Halifax Infirmary the Montpelier Baths in Harrogate the White Hart Hotel Harrogate 1846 renovations to some 18 churches including that at Newton on Ouse Dewsbury Terrace York a terrace of 15 two storey houses in Bishophill Priory Street York two pairs of townhouses no s 8 amp 10 31 amp 33 in Bishophill The Newton on Ouse Primary School and School HouseReferences edit Brodie Antonia 20 December 2001 Directory of British Architects 1834 1914 Vol 1 A K Royal Institute of British Architects p 45 ISBN 0826455131 Deaths Beverley Guardian Beverley 12 January 1856 Retrieved 22 June 2015 Fawcett Bill 2001 A History of North Eastern Railway Architecture Volume 1 The Pioneers The North Eastern Railway Association ISBN 1 873513 34 8 Fawcett Bill 2011 George Townsend Andrews of York The Railway Architect North Eastern Railway Association and Yorkshire Architectural and York Archaeological Society ISBN 978 1 873513 76 7 Bairstow Martin 1995 Railways In East Yorkshire Volume Two Martin Bairstow ISBN 1 871944 12 0 External links edit nbsp Media related to George Townsend Andrews at Wikimedia Commons Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title George Townsend Andrews amp oldid 1170954084, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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