Furcacaudidae, the "'fork-tailed' agnathans," is an extinct family of thelodontid agnathans from the Lochkovian stage of the Early Devonian epoch and Wenlockian epoch of the Silurian, known from fossils found in Northern Canada. It is the type family of the order Furcacaudiformes, and itself currently includes 6 known species. It was officially described in 1998 by Mark V. H. Wilson and Michael W. Caldwell. [1]
A study in 2009 published by Wilson and Tiiu Märss moved members of Furcacaudiformes (and by extension Furcacaudidae) into a more basal position based on a more up-to-date data matrix, suggesting the divergence of Furcacaudidae from other thelodonts occurred earlier than previously theorized.[2]
According to Wilson and Märss' 2009 study, Furcacaudidae are more basal members of Furcacaudiformes, having diverged earlier than other members of the order. The following is a portion of the 2009 revised cladogram, demonstrating Furcacaudidae's position in relation to the order Furcacaudiformes.[2]
Furcacauda, the type genus of the order Furcacaudiformes, includes two species, F. heintzae and F. fredholmae. Fossils of the genus have been dated to the Lower Devonian. Its discovery and analysis gave rise to Wilson's and Caldwell's theory that stomachs evolved before jaws, based on sediment infillings found in fossils of F. heintzae.
Canonia was a part of the family Furcacaudidae, and the order Furcacaudiformes. It is the earliest discovered member of Furcacaudiformes, described in 1980 by palaeontologist Jutta Vieth. There are two species, C. costulata and C. grossi, with the latter being the type species of the genus.[3]
Cometicercus was a member of the family Furcacaudidae that lived during the Early Devonian. It is only known from fragmentary fossilized remains of its caudal fin and parts of its dorsal surface, including its dorsal fin.
Sphenonectris, like Cometicercus, lived during the Early Devonian. Its body was hunched and pomacanthid-esque, almost resembling modern marine angelfish in its qualities. Like other Furcacaudids, its only visible fin was the caudal fin.
Referencesedit
^Wilson, Mark V. H.; Caldwell, Michael W. (1998). "The Furcacaudiformes: a new order of jawless vertebrates with thelodont scales, based on articulated Silurian and Devonian fossils from northern Canada". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 18 (1): 10–29. doi:10.1080/02724634.1998.10011031. JSTOR 4523870.
^ abWilson, Mark; Märss, Tiiu (2009). "Thelodont phylogeny revisited, with inclusion of key scale-based taxa". Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences. 58: 298. Retrieved 2024-01-08.
^Vieth, J., 1980: Thelodontier-, Acanthodier-, und Elasmobranchier- Schuppen aus dem Unter-Devon der kanadischen Arktis (Agnatha, Pisces). Göttinger Arbeiten zur Geologie und Paläontologie, 23: 1-69.
External linksedit
Data related to Furcacaudidae at Wikispecies
April 12, 2024
furcacaudidae, fork, tailed, agnathans, extinct, family, thelodontid, agnathans, from, lochkovian, stage, early, devonian, epoch, wenlockian, epoch, silurian, known, from, fossils, found, northern, canada, type, family, order, furcacaudiformes, itself, current. Furcacaudidae the fork tailed agnathans is an extinct family of thelodontid agnathans from the Lochkovian stage of the Early Devonian epoch and Wenlockian epoch of the Silurian known from fossils found in Northern Canada It is the type family of the order Furcacaudiformes and itself currently includes 6 known species It was officially described in 1998 by Mark V H Wilson and Michael W Caldwell 1 FurcacaudidaeFurcacauda fredholmaeScientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ChordataInfraphylum AgnathaClass ThelodontiOrder FurcacaudiformesFamily FurcacaudidaeWilson amp Caldwell 1998Type genus FurcacaudaGenera Canonia Cometicercus Furcacauda SphenonectrisA study in 2009 published by Wilson and Tiiu Marss moved members of Furcacaudiformes and by extension Furcacaudidae into a more basal position based on a more up to date data matrix suggesting the divergence of Furcacaudidae from other thelodonts occurred earlier than previously theorized 2 Contents 1 Phylogeny 2 Genera 2 1 Furcacauda 2 2 Canonia 2 3 Cometicercus 2 4 Sphenonectris 3 References 4 External linksPhylogeny editAccording to Wilson and Marss 2009 study Furcacaudidae are more basal members of Furcacaudiformes having diverged earlier than other members of the order The following is a portion of the 2009 revised cladogram demonstrating Furcacaudidae s position in relation to the order Furcacaudiformes 2 Furcacaudiformes Furcacaudidae CanoniaSphenonectrisCometicercusFurcacaudaDrepanolepidae DrepanolepisPezopallichthydae PezopallichthysGenera editFurcacauda edit Furcacauda the type genus of the order Furcacaudiformes includes two species F heintzae and F fredholmae Fossils of the genus have been dated to the Lower Devonian Its discovery and analysis gave rise to Wilson s and Caldwell s theory that stomachs evolved before jaws based on sediment infillings found in fossils of F heintzae Canonia edit Canonia was a part of the family Furcacaudidae and the order Furcacaudiformes It is the earliest discovered member of Furcacaudiformes described in 1980 by palaeontologist Jutta Vieth There are two species C costulata and C grossi with the latter being the type species of the genus 3 Cometicercus edit Cometicercus was a member of the family Furcacaudidae that lived during the Early Devonian It is only known from fragmentary fossilized remains of its caudal fin and parts of its dorsal surface including its dorsal fin Sphenonectris edit Sphenonectris like Cometicercus lived during the Early Devonian Its body was hunched and pomacanthid esque almost resembling modern marine angelfish in its qualities Like other Furcacaudids its only visible fin was the caudal fin References edit Wilson Mark V H Caldwell Michael W 1998 The Furcacaudiformes a new order of jawless vertebrates with thelodont scales based on articulated Silurian and Devonian fossils from northern Canada Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 18 1 10 29 doi 10 1080 02724634 1998 10011031 JSTOR 4523870 a b Wilson Mark Marss Tiiu 2009 Thelodont phylogeny revisited with inclusion of key scale based taxa Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 58 298 Retrieved 2024 01 08 Vieth J 1980 Thelodontier Acanthodier und Elasmobranchier Schuppen aus dem Unter Devon der kanadischen Arktis Agnatha Pisces Gottinger Arbeiten zur Geologie und Palaontologie 23 1 69 External links edit nbsp Data related to Furcacaudidae at Wikispecies Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Furcacaudidae amp oldid 1217660818, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
