Publia Fulvia Plautilla (died 211) was the wife of the Roman emperorCaracalla, her paternal second cousin. After her father was condemned for treason, she was exiled and eventually killed, possibly on Caracalla's orders.
Plautilla was born and raised in Rome. She belonged to the gens Fulvia of ancient Rome. The Fulvius family was of plebeian origin, came from Tusculum, Italy and had been active in politics since the Roman Republic. Her mother was named Hortensia; her father was Gaius Fulvius Plautianus, the Commander of the Praetorian Guard, consul, paternal first cousin and close ally to Roman Emperor Lucius Septimius Severus (the father of Caracalla). She also had a brother, Gaius Fulvius Plautius Hortensianus.
Severus and Plautianus arranged for Plautilla and Caracalla to be married in a lavish ceremony in April 202. The forced marriage proved to be very unhappy; Caracalla despised her. According to Cassius Dio, Plautilla had a profligate character.
Numismatic evidence may indicate that Plautilla and Caracalla had a daughter, whose name is unknown, in 204.[2][3] Anthony Birley notes that these coins "may indicate no more than pious hopes" and doubts that the marriage was consummated.[4]
On 22 January 205 Gaius Fulvius Plautianus was executed for treachery and his family properties were confiscated. Plautilla and her brother were exiled by Caracalla to Sicily and then to Lipari. They were treated very harshly and were eventually strangled, possibly on Caracalla's orders after the death of Septimius Severus on 4 February 211.
Contemporary depictionsEdit
Coins bearing her image that have survived are mainly from the reign of her father-in-law. They are inscribed Plautilla Augusta or Plautillae Augustae.
A marble bust of Fulvia Plautilla is in the Louvre.[5]
The Solinjanka or Salonitanka, meaning "woman from the city of Solin (ancient Salona)", one of the most important Roman portraits found in Croatia, is believed to depict Plautilla at a young age.[6][7] Originally found in Salona, it is now kept in the Archaeological museum in Zagreb.
Dark green indicates an emperor of the Severan dynasty
Notes:
Except where otherwise noted, the notes below indicate that an individual's parentage is as shown in the above family tree.
^Birley, Anthony R. (1999). Septimius Severus: The African Emperor. London: Routledge. p. i.
^Burrell, Barbara (2004). Neokoroi: Greek Cities and Roman Emperors. p. 216.
^Burrell, Barbara (2004). Neokoroi: Greek Cities and Roman Emperors. p. 247.
^Icks, Martijn (2011). The Crimes of Elagabalus: The Life and Legacy of Rome's Decadent Boy Emperor. London: I.B. Tauris & Co. Ltd. p. 57–58. ISBN978-1-84885-362-1.
^ abGibbon, Edward; Smith, William (1889). The Student's Gibbon: The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire. pp. 45–47.
Bibliography:
Birley, Anthony R. (1999). Septimius Severus: The African Emperor. London: Routledge. ISBN0415165911.
Gibbon, Edward; Smith, William (1889). The Student's Gibbon: The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire. London: Murray. OCLC 993285639.
ReferencesEdit
^Motta, Rosa Maria (2015). Material Culture and Cultural Identity: A Study of Greek and Roman Coins from Dora. Archaeopress Publishing. p. 53. ISBN978-1-78491-093-8.
^Townsend, Prescott W. (1938). "The Significance of the Arch of the Severi at Lepcis". American Journal of Archaeology. 42 (4): 512–524. doi:10.2307/499184. JSTOR 499184. S2CID 191360886.
^Mattingly, Harold (1936). The Roman Imperial Coinage: pt. 1. Pertinax to Geta, by H. Mattingly and E. A. Sydenham. pt. 2. Macrinus to Pupienus, by H. Mattingly, E. A. Sydenham, and C. H. V. Sutherland. pt. 3. Gordian III-Uranius Antonius, by H. Mattingly. Spink. p. 78.
^Birley, Anthony (1999). Septimius Severus : the African emperor. London: Routledge. p. 161. ISBN9780415165914.
^History of Rome and of the Roman people (from its origin to the invasion of the barbarians), Victor Duruy and John Pentland Mahaffey, C.F. Jewett Publishing Company, 1883, pg. 535.
^The Greek and Roman Collection 2013-02-14 at the Wayback Machine, Web page of Archaeological museum in Zagreb.
^Plautilla and the Fate of a Princess, Archaeologia Adriatica 11 (2008), 473-488 (Article in Croatian; showing portrait).
External linksEdit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Fulvia Plautilla.
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Publia Fulvia Plautilla died 211 was the wife of the Roman emperor Caracalla her paternal second cousin After her father was condemned for treason she was exiled and eventually killed possibly on Caracalla s orders Fulvia PlautillaAugustaBust of Plautilla Museo Nazionale Romano 1 Roman empressTenure202 205 with Julia Domna Died211LipariSpouseCaracallaIssuepossible daughterNamesPublia Fulvia PlautillaRegnal namePublia Fulvia Plautilla AugustaFatherGaius Fulvius PlautianusMotherHortensia Contents 1 Life 2 Contemporary depictions 3 Severan dynasty family tree 4 References 5 External linksLife EditPlautilla was born and raised in Rome She belonged to the gens Fulvia of ancient Rome The Fulvius family was of plebeian origin came from Tusculum Italy and had been active in politics since the Roman Republic Her mother was named Hortensia her father was Gaius Fulvius Plautianus the Commander of the Praetorian Guard consul paternal first cousin and close ally to Roman Emperor Lucius Septimius Severus the father of Caracalla She also had a brother Gaius Fulvius Plautius Hortensianus Severus and Plautianus arranged for Plautilla and Caracalla to be married in a lavish ceremony in April 202 The forced marriage proved to be very unhappy Caracalla despised her According to Cassius Dio Plautilla had a profligate character Numismatic evidence may indicate that Plautilla and Caracalla had a daughter whose name is unknown in 204 2 3 Anthony Birley notes that these coins may indicate no more than pious hopes and doubts that the marriage was consummated 4 In the same year her father in law ordered the erection of the Arch of Septimius Severus honoring him and his family including his wife Empress Julia Domna Caracalla Plautilla and her brother in law Publius Septimius Geta nbsp Fulvia Plautilla on a denarius On 22 January 205 Gaius Fulvius Plautianus was executed for treachery and his family properties were confiscated Plautilla and her brother were exiled by Caracalla to Sicily and then to Lipari They were treated very harshly and were eventually strangled possibly on Caracalla s orders after the death of Septimius Severus on 4 February 211 Contemporary depictions EditCoins bearing her image that have survived are mainly from the reign of her father in law They are inscribed Plautilla Augusta or Plautillae Augustae A marble bust of Fulvia Plautilla is in the Louvre 5 The Solinjanka or Salonitanka meaning woman from the city of Solin ancient Salona one of the most important Roman portraits found in Croatia is believed to depict Plautilla at a young age 6 7 Originally found in Salona it is now kept in the Archaeological museum in Zagreb Severan dynasty family tree EditvteSeveran family treeSeptimius MacerGaius Claudius Septimius AperFulvius PiusLucius Septimius SeverusPublius Septimius AperGaius Septimius AperFulvia PiaPublius Septimius GetaSeptimia PollaJulius BassianusSeptimiusPublius Septimius GetaSeptimia OctavillaPaccia Marciana 1 Septimius Severus r 193 211 i Julia Domna 2 Julia MaesaGaius Julius Avitus AlexianusGaius Septimius Severus AperFulvia PlautillaCaracalla r 197 217 ii Geta r 209 211 iii Julia SoaemiasSextus Varius MarcellusJulia Avita MamaeaUnknown iv 2 Julia Cornelia Paula 1 Aquilia Severa 2 and 4 Elagabalus r 218 222 v Annia Faustina 3 Sallustia OrbianaSeverus Alexander r 222 235 v 1 1st spouse 2 2nd spouse 3 3rd spouse 4 4th spouse Dark green indicates an emperor of the Severan dynastyNotes Except where otherwise noted the notes below indicate that an individual s parentage is as shown in the above family tree Birley Anthony R 1999 Septimius Severus The African Emperor London Routledge p i Burrell Barbara 2004 Neokoroi Greek Cities and Roman Emperors p 216 Burrell Barbara 2004 Neokoroi Greek Cities and Roman Emperors p 247 Icks Martijn 2011 The Crimes of Elagabalus The Life and Legacy of Rome s Decadent Boy Emperor London I B Tauris amp Co Ltd p 57 58 ISBN 978 1 84885 362 1 a b Gibbon Edward Smith William 1889 The Student s Gibbon The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire pp 45 47 Bibliography Birley Anthony R 1999 Septimius Severus The African Emperor London Routledge ISBN 0415165911 Gibbon Edward Smith William 1889 The Student s Gibbon The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire London Murray OCLC 993285639 References Edit Motta Rosa Maria 2015 Material Culture and Cultural Identity A Study of Greek and Roman Coins from Dora Archaeopress Publishing p 53 ISBN 978 1 78491 093 8 Townsend Prescott W 1938 The Significance of the Arch of the Severi at Lepcis American Journal of Archaeology 42 4 512 524 doi 10 2307 499184 JSTOR 499184 S2CID 191360886 Mattingly Harold 1936 The Roman Imperial Coinage pt 1 Pertinax to Geta by H Mattingly and E A Sydenham pt 2 Macrinus to Pupienus by H Mattingly E A Sydenham and C H V Sutherland pt 3 Gordian III Uranius Antonius by H Mattingly Spink p 78 Birley Anthony 1999 Septimius Severus the African emperor London Routledge p 161 ISBN 9780415165914 History of Rome and of the Roman people from its origin to the invasion of the barbarians Victor Duruy and John Pentland Mahaffey C F Jewett Publishing Company 1883 pg 535 The Greek and Roman Collection Archived 2013 02 14 at the Wayback Machine Web page of Archaeological museum in Zagreb Plautilla and the Fate of a Princess Archaeologia Adriatica 11 2008 473 488 Article in Croatian showing portrait External links Edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Fulvia Plautilla http www treasurerealm com coinpapers romanemperors plautilla html https web archive org web 20070928092559 http vessels of time com women of rome htm http www roman emperors org caracala htm Note pfp https web archive org web 20070907023111 http www forumancientcoins com historia coins r4 r1461 htm http penelope uchicago edu Thayer E Gazetteer Places Europe Italy Lazio Roma Rome Texts PLATOP Arcus Argentariorum html http www trajancoins com plautilla htm Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology p 405 Archived from the original on 27 February 2015 Marble portrait of Plautilla kept in Archaeological museum in Zagreb Archived 2013 10 14 at the Wayback MachineRoyal titlesPreceded byJulia Domna Empress of Rome202 205with Julia Domna 202 205 Succeeded byJulia Domna Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Fulvia Plautilla amp oldid 1172309091, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
