The French ironclad Gloire ([ɡlwaʁ], "Glory") was the first ocean-going ironclad, launched in 1859. She was developed after the Crimean War,[1] in response to new developments of naval gun technology, especially the Paixhans guns and rifled guns, which used explosive shells with increased destructive power against wooden ships. Her design was also influenced by the Anglo-French development of ironclad floating batteries to bombard Russian forts during the same war.
Gloire was designed by the French naval architectHenri Dupuy de Lôme as a 5,630-ton broadside ironclad with a wooden hull. Her 12 cm-thick (4.7 in) armour plates, backed with 43 cm (17 in) of timber, resisted hits by the experimental shooting of the strongest guns of the time (the French 50-pounder and the British 68-pounder) at full charge, at a distance of 20 metres (65 ft).
Her maximum speed was 13.1 knots but other reports suggested no more than 11.75 knots had been attained and that 11 knots was the practical maximum.[2]
As was common for the era, Gloire was constructed with sails as well as a steam-powered screw. The original rigging was a light barquentine rig providing 1,096 sq. m (11,800 sq. ft) of surface area. This was later increased to a full rig providing 2,508 sq. m (27,000 sq. ft) of surface.[3]
Serviceedit
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Gloire was launched at the arsenal of Mourillon, Toulon, on 24 November 1859; and entered service in August 1860. She was eliminated from the French fleet registry in 1879, and scrapped in 1883.
The ship underwent preliminary trials in June 1860 with official trials on 20-21 of August, where she achieved 13.5 knots. In September of that year, she escorted the imperial yacht Aigle [fr] carrying Emperor Napoleon III to Algiers. During a storm on the return voyage, the Gloire was the sole escort able to remain with the Aigle. On 12 November, Gloire began comparative trials with the Algésiras, culminating in a trial report on 30 March 1861.[4]
Importance in naval historyedit
As the first ocean-going ironclad, Gloire rendered obsolete traditional unarmoured wooden ships-of-the-line, and all major navies soon began to build ironclads of their own.
Couronne, near sister-ship of Gloire after it was rebuilt.
Notesedit
^The Battle of Sinop at the start of the war convinced the world's naval powers that wooden warships could not withstand the new weapons.
^Wells, John (1987). The immortal Warrior Britain's First and Last battleship. Kenneth Mason. p. 46. ISBN0-85937-333-9.
^Jackson, Robert (2010). Warships Inside Out. San Diego, CA: Thunder Bay Press. pp. 10–15. ISBN978-1-60710-109-3.
^Roberts, Stephen S. (2021). French warships in the age of steam, 1859-1914: design, construction, careers and fates. Barnsley: Seaforth Publishing. ISBN978-1-5267-4533-0.
Bibliographyedit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Gloire.
de Balincourt, Captain & Vincent-Bréchignac, Captain (1974). "The French Navy of Yesterday: Ironclad Frigates, Part I". F.P.D.S. Newsletter. II (2): 12–15, 18. OCLC 41554533.
Campbell, N. J. M. (1979). "France". In Chesneau, Roger & Kolesnik, Eugene M. (eds.). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905. Greenwich: Conway Maritime Press. pp. 283–333. ISBN0-8317-0302-4.
Gardiner, Robert, ed. (1992). Steam, Steel and Shellfire: The Steam Warship 1815–1905. Conway's History of the Ship. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN1-55750-774-0.
Gille, Eric (1999). Cent ans de cuirassés français [A Century of French Battleships] (in French). Nantes: Marines. ISBN2-909-675-50-5.
Jones, Colin (1996). "Entente Cordiale, 1865". In McLean, David & Preston, Antony (eds.). Warship 1996. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN0-85177-685-X.
Roberts, Stephen S. (2021). French Warships in the Age of Steam 1859–1914: Design, Construction, Careers and Fates. Barnsley, UK: Seaforth Publishing. ISBN978-1-5267-4533-0.
Roche, Jean-Michel (2005). Dictionnaire des bâtiments de la flotte de guerre française de Colbert à nos jours [A Dictionary of French Warships from Colbert to Today] (in French). Vol. I: 1671 – 1870. Group Retozel-Maury Millau. ISBN978-2-9525917-0-6. OCLC 165892922.
Silverstone, Paul H. (1984). Directory of the World's Capital Ships. New York: Hippocrene Books. ISBN0-88254-979-0.
April 12, 2024
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For other ships with the same name see French ship Gloire This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources French ironclad Gloire news newspapers books scholar JSTOR January 2014 Learn how and when to remove this template message The French ironclad Gloire ɡlwaʁ Glory was the first ocean going ironclad launched in 1859 She was developed after the Crimean War 1 in response to new developments of naval gun technology especially the Paixhans guns and rifled guns which used explosive shells with increased destructive power against wooden ships Her design was also influenced by the Anglo French development of ironclad floating batteries to bombard Russian forts during the same war Gloire anchored 1869HistoryFranceNameGloireNamesakeGloryLaid down4 March 1858Launched24 November 1859CompletedAugust 1860Stricken1879FateScrapped 1883General characteristicsClass and typeGloire class ironcladDisplacement5 618 t 5 529 long tons Length78 22 m 256 ft 8 in Beam17 m 55 ft 9 in Draught8 48 m 27 ft 10 in Depth of hold10 67 m 35 ft 0 in Installed power2 500 ihp 1 900 kW 8 oval boilersPropulsion1 Shaft 1 HRCR steam engineSail planBarquentine riggedSpeed13 knots 24 km h 15 mph Range4 000 km 2 500 mi at 8 knots 15 km h 9 2 mph Complement570 officers and enlisted menArmamentAs built 36 164 mm 6 5 in Mle 1858 rifled muzzle loading guns After 1868 6 240 mm 9 4 in Mle 1864 Breech loading guns 2 192 mm 7 6 in Mle 1866 Breech loading gunsArmourHull 120 mm 4 7 in Conning tower 100 mm 3 9 in Contents 1 Design and description 2 Service 3 Importance in naval history 4 Gallery 5 Notes 6 BibliographyDesign and description editGloire was designed by the French naval architect Henri Dupuy de Lome as a 5 630 ton broadside ironclad with a wooden hull Her 12 cm thick 4 7 in armour plates backed with 43 cm 17 in of timber resisted hits by the experimental shooting of the strongest guns of the time the French 50 pounder and the British 68 pounder at full charge at a distance of 20 metres 65 ft Her maximum speed was 13 1 knots but other reports suggested no more than 11 75 knots had been attained and that 11 knots was the practical maximum 2 As was common for the era Gloire was constructed with sails as well as a steam powered screw The original rigging was a light barquentine rig providing 1 096 sq m 11 800 sq ft of surface area This was later increased to a full rig providing 2 508 sq m 27 000 sq ft of surface 3 Service editThis section needs expansion You can help by adding to it January 2014 Gloire was launched at the arsenal of Mourillon Toulon on 24 November 1859 and entered service in August 1860 She was eliminated from the French fleet registry in 1879 and scrapped in 1883 The ship underwent preliminary trials in June 1860 with official trials on 20 21 of August where she achieved 13 5 knots In September of that year she escorted the imperial yacht Aigle fr carrying Emperor Napoleon III to Algiers During a storm on the return voyage the Gloire was the sole escort able to remain with the Aigle On 12 November Gloire began comparative trials with the Algesiras culminating in a trial report on 30 March 1861 4 Importance in naval history editAs the first ocean going ironclad Gloire rendered obsolete traditional unarmoured wooden ships of the line and all major navies soon began to build ironclads of their own Gallery edit nbsp Photograph of Gloire circa 1860 at the Musee de la Marine Paris nbsp The launch of Gloire nbsp Gloire sailing 19th century print nbsp Scale model of Gloire at the Musee de la Marine nbsp Couronne near sister ship of Gloire after it was rebuilt Notes edit The Battle of Sinop at the start of the war convinced the world s naval powers that wooden warships could not withstand the new weapons Wells John 1987 The immortal Warrior Britain s First and Last battleship Kenneth Mason p 46 ISBN 0 85937 333 9 Jackson Robert 2010 Warships Inside Out San Diego CA Thunder Bay Press pp 10 15 ISBN 978 1 60710 109 3 Roberts Stephen S 2021 French warships in the age of steam 1859 1914 design construction careers and fates Barnsley Seaforth Publishing ISBN 978 1 5267 4533 0 Bibliography edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Gloire de Balincourt Captain amp Vincent Brechignac Captain 1974 The French Navy of Yesterday Ironclad Frigates Part I F P D S Newsletter II 2 12 15 18 OCLC 41554533 Campbell N J M 1979 France In Chesneau Roger amp Kolesnik Eugene M eds Conway s All the World s Fighting Ships 1860 1905 Greenwich Conway Maritime Press pp 283 333 ISBN 0 8317 0302 4 Gardiner Robert ed 1992 Steam Steel and Shellfire The Steam Warship 1815 1905 Conway s History of the Ship London Conway Maritime Press ISBN 1 55750 774 0 Gille Eric 1999 Cent ans de cuirasses francais A Century of French Battleships in French Nantes Marines ISBN 2 909 675 50 5 Jones Colin 1996 Entente Cordiale 1865 In McLean David amp Preston Antony eds Warship 1996 London Conway Maritime Press ISBN 0 85177 685 X Roberts Stephen S 2021 French Warships in the Age of Steam 1859 1914 Design Construction Careers and Fates Barnsley UK Seaforth Publishing ISBN 978 1 5267 4533 0 Roche Jean Michel 2005 Dictionnaire des batiments de la flotte de guerre francaise de Colbert a nos jours A Dictionary of French Warships from Colbert to Today in French Vol I 1671 1870 Group Retozel Maury Millau ISBN 978 2 9525917 0 6 OCLC 165892922 Silverstone Paul H 1984 Directory of the World s Capital Ships New York Hippocrene Books ISBN 0 88254 979 0 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title French ironclad Gloire amp oldid 1211060412, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
