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Francis John Welsh Whipple

November 01, 2023

Francis John Welsh Whipple ScD FInstP (17 March 1876 – 25 September 1943) was an English mathematician, meteorologist and seismologist. From 1925 to 1939, he was superintendent of the Kew Observatory.

Biography edit

Whipple was the son of Kew Observatory employees George Mathews Whipple and Elizabeth Beckley, an astronomical photographer.[1]

Whipple attended Willington Preparatory School in Putney, where in 1888 he won a scholarship at Merchant Taylors' School.[2] From here, he obtained a scholarship at Trinity College, Cambridge in 1895, where he was placed Second Wrangler in the Mathematical Tripos of 1897.[3] In 1899, he showed that bicycles could be self stable.[4][5][6]

Career edit

From 1899–1912, he was an assistant master at Merchant Taylors' School, and then worked at the Meteorological Office from 1912.[7] From 1925, he was Assistant-Director of the Meteorological Office and Superintendent of Kew Observatory, where he succeeded Charles Chree. Whipple remained in this post until he retired in 1939.[3] He also served as president of the Royal Meteorological Society from 1936 to 1937.[8]

In his role as Superintendent of Kew Observatory, Whipple played an important part in the recording of earthquakes, since Kew had been the site of a seismological observatory since 1898.[9] During his time as superintendent, Whipple devoted considerable time and energy to improve the quality of the seismological observations. He realised that the sensitivity of the seismometers was badly affected by wind, since wind would cause the whole observatory building to move. So he designed and commissioned a new, underground bunker to hold the Kew seismometers.[10] Whipple was Chair of the Seismological Investigations Committee of the British Association for the Advancement of Science from 1931-1939,[11] and also served on the National Committee for Geodesy and Geophysics.[12] These roles brought him into contact with prominent seismologists around the world. Whipple was a Fellow of the Institute of Physics, and was awarded the ScD degree from Cambridge in 1929.

Family and connections edit

Francis Whipple had an older brother, Robert, whose collection of scientific instruments and books was the basis of the Whipple Museum of the History of Science in Cambridge.[13] Whipple's father, George Whipple, was superintendent of Kew Observatory from 1876-1893; as was George's godfather, John Welsh, from 1852-1859.[14]

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ Macdonald, Lee (9 March 2017). "'Work peculiarly fitting to a lady': Elizabeth Beckley and the early years of solar photography". conscicom.org. Retrieved 6 May 2019.
  2. ^ C. P. B. Hodgson (1965). The First Eighty Years of Willington School. Willington School, Colinette Road, London SW15. p. 3.
  3. ^ a b Who Was Who 1941–1950. Bloomsbury Publishing, London. 1980. ISBN 0-7136-2131-1.
  4. ^ J. D. G. Kooijman; J. P. Meijaard; J. M. Papadopoulos; A. Ruina; A. L. Schwab (15 April 2011). "A bicycle can be self-stable without gyrosocpic or caster effects" (PDF). Science. 332 (6027): 339–342. Bibcode:2011Sci...332..339K. doi:10.1126/science.1201959. PMID 21493856. S2CID 12296078. Retrieved 16 April 2011.
  5. ^ Roger Highfield (June 2007). . The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 24 November 2010. Retrieved 16 April 2011.
  6. ^ J. P. Meijaard; J. M. Papadopoulos; A. Ruina; A. L. Schwab (2007). "Linearized dynamics equations for the balance and steer of a bicycle: a benchmark and review" (PDF). Proceedings of the Royal Society A. 463 (2084): 1955–1982. Bibcode:2007RSPSA.463.1955M. doi:10.1098/rspa.2007.1857. S2CID 18309860.
  7. ^ "Whipple, Francis John Welsh (WHPL894FJ)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
  8. ^ Pedgley, D. E. (1993). "Pen portraits of Presidents - Francis John Welsh Whipple, MA, SCD, FLNSTP". Weather. 48 (9): 308–309. Bibcode:1993Wthr...48..308P. doi:10.1002/j.1477-8696.1993.tb05917.x.
  9. ^ http://www.earthquakes.bgs.ac.uk/hazard/pdf/wl9913.pdf
  10. ^ "Seismology at Kew Observatory". Nature. 143 (3625): 693. 1 April 1939. Bibcode:1939Natur.143Q.693.. doi:10.1038/143693a0. S2CID 4135663.
  11. ^ "Report of Seismological Investigations Committee". Nature. 155 (3926): 107. 1 January 1945. Bibcode:1945Natur.155Q.107.. doi:10.1038/155107a0. S2CID 31552396 – via www.nature.com.
  12. ^ Pedgley, D. E. (1993). "Pen portraits of Presidents - Francis John Welsh Whipple, MA, SCD, FLNSTP". Weather. 48 (9): 308–309. Bibcode:1993Wthr...48..308P. doi:10.1002/j.1477-8696.1993.tb05917.x.
  13. ^ Who Was Who 1951–1960. A & C Black, London. 1984. ISBN 0-7136-2598-8.
  14. ^ "Papers of Francis John Welsh Whipple (1876 - 1943)".

External links edit

  • W. N., Bailey (1943). "Francis John Welsh Whipple". Journal of the London Mathematical Society. s1-18 (4): 249–256. doi:10.1112/jlms/s1-18.4.249. Obituary of Francis John Welsh Whipple by W. N. Bailey: J. London Math. Soc., October 1943; s1-18: 249 - 256

November 01, 2023
francis, john, welsh, whipple, finstp, march, 1876, september, 1943, english, mathematician, meteorologist, seismologist, from, 1925, 1939, superintendent, observatory, contents, biography, career, family, connections, also, references, external, linksbiograph. Francis John Welsh Whipple ScD FInstP 17 March 1876 25 September 1943 was an English mathematician meteorologist and seismologist From 1925 to 1939 he was superintendent of the Kew Observatory Contents 1 Biography 2 Career 3 Family and connections 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksBiography editWhipple was the son of Kew Observatory employees George Mathews Whipple and Elizabeth Beckley an astronomical photographer 1 Whipple attended Willington Preparatory School in Putney where in 1888 he won a scholarship at Merchant Taylors School 2 From here he obtained a scholarship at Trinity College Cambridge in 1895 where he was placed Second Wrangler in the Mathematical Tripos of 1897 3 In 1899 he showed that bicycles could be self stable 4 5 6 Career editFrom 1899 1912 he was an assistant master at Merchant Taylors School and then worked at the Meteorological Office from 1912 7 From 1925 he was Assistant Director of the Meteorological Office and Superintendent of Kew Observatory where he succeeded Charles Chree Whipple remained in this post until he retired in 1939 3 He also served as president of the Royal Meteorological Society from 1936 to 1937 8 In his role as Superintendent of Kew Observatory Whipple played an important part in the recording of earthquakes since Kew had been the site of a seismological observatory since 1898 9 During his time as superintendent Whipple devoted considerable time and energy to improve the quality of the seismological observations He realised that the sensitivity of the seismometers was badly affected by wind since wind would cause the whole observatory building to move So he designed and commissioned a new underground bunker to hold the Kew seismometers 10 Whipple was Chair of the Seismological Investigations Committee of the British Association for the Advancement of Science from 1931 1939 11 and also served on the National Committee for Geodesy and Geophysics 12 These roles brought him into contact with prominent seismologists around the world Whipple was a Fellow of the Institute of Physics and was awarded the ScD degree from Cambridge in 1929 Family and connections editFrancis Whipple had an older brother Robert whose collection of scientific instruments and books was the basis of the Whipple Museum of the History of Science in Cambridge 13 Whipple s father George Whipple was superintendent of Kew Observatory from 1876 1893 as was George s godfather John Welsh from 1852 1859 14 See also editWhipple s transformation of Legendre functionsReferences edit Macdonald Lee 9 March 2017 Work peculiarly fitting to a lady Elizabeth Beckley and the early years of solar photography conscicom org Retrieved 6 May 2019 C P B Hodgson 1965 The First Eighty Years of Willington School Willington School Colinette Road London SW15 p 3 a b Who Was Who 1941 1950 Bloomsbury Publishing London 1980 ISBN 0 7136 2131 1 J D G Kooijman J P Meijaard J M Papadopoulos A Ruina A L Schwab 15 April 2011 A bicycle can be self stable without gyrosocpic or caster effects PDF Science 332 6027 339 342 Bibcode 2011Sci 332 339K doi 10 1126 science 1201959 PMID 21493856 S2CID 12296078 Retrieved 16 April 2011 Roger Highfield June 2007 The mathematical way to ride a bike The Telegraph Archived from the original on 24 November 2010 Retrieved 16 April 2011 J P Meijaard J M Papadopoulos A Ruina A L Schwab 2007 Linearized dynamics equations for the balance and steer of a bicycle a benchmark and review PDF Proceedings of the Royal Society A 463 2084 1955 1982 Bibcode 2007RSPSA 463 1955M doi 10 1098 rspa 2007 1857 S2CID 18309860 Whipple Francis John Welsh WHPL894FJ A Cambridge Alumni Database University of Cambridge Pedgley D E 1993 Pen portraits of Presidents Francis John Welsh Whipple MA SCD FLNSTP Weather 48 9 308 309 Bibcode 1993Wthr 48 308P doi 10 1002 j 1477 8696 1993 tb05917 x http www earthquakes bgs ac uk hazard pdf wl9913 pdf Seismology at Kew Observatory Nature 143 3625 693 1 April 1939 Bibcode 1939Natur 143Q 693 doi 10 1038 143693a0 S2CID 4135663 Report of Seismological Investigations Committee Nature 155 3926 107 1 January 1945 Bibcode 1945Natur 155Q 107 doi 10 1038 155107a0 S2CID 31552396 via www nature com Pedgley D E 1993 Pen portraits of Presidents Francis John Welsh Whipple MA SCD FLNSTP Weather 48 9 308 309 Bibcode 1993Wthr 48 308P doi 10 1002 j 1477 8696 1993 tb05917 x Who Was Who 1951 1960 A amp C Black London 1984 ISBN 0 7136 2598 8 Papers of Francis John Welsh Whipple 1876 1943 External links editW N Bailey 1943 Francis John Welsh Whipple Journal of the London Mathematical Society s1 18 4 249 256 doi 10 1112 jlms s1 18 4 249 Obituary of Francis John Welsh Whipple by W N Bailey J London Math Soc October 1943 s1 18 249 256 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Francis John Welsh Whipple amp oldid 1179239738, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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