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Francis Borgia

May 05, 2023

For other uses, see Francisco de Borja (disambiguation).

Francis Borgia SJ (Valencian: Francesc de Borja; Spanish: Francisco de Borja; 28 October 1510 – 30 September 1572) was a Spanish Jesuit priest. The great-grandson of Pope Alexander VI, he was Duke of Gandía and a grandee of Spain. After the death of his wife, Borgia renounced his titles and became a priest in the Society of Jesus, later serving as its third superior general. He was canonized on 20 June 1670 by Pope Clement X.

Saint

Francis Borgia

SJ
Painting by Alonso Cano, 1624
Duke of Gandía
Confessor
Priest
Born28 October 1510
Duchy of Gandia, Kingdom of Valencia, Spain
Died30 September 1572 (aged 61)
Rome, Papal States
Venerated inCatholic Church
Beatified23 November 1624, Madrid, Kingdom of Spain by Pope Urban VIII
Canonized20 June 1670, Rome by Pope Clement X
Major shrineRelics translated to the Jesuit church in Madrid, 1901
Feast30 September
10 October (1688–1969)
3 October (Jesuits)[1]
AttributesSkull crowned with an emperor's diadem
PatronageAgainst earthquakes; Portugal; Gandía; Rota, Marianas

Early life

He was born in the Duchy of Gandía in the Kingdom of Valencia (part of Aragon), on 28 October 1510. His father was Juan Borgia, 3rd Duke of Gandía, the son of Giovanni Borgia, the son of Pope Alexander VI (Rodrigo Borgia). His mother was Juana, daughter of Alonso de Aragón, Archbishop of Zaragoza, who, in turn, was the illegitimate son of King Ferdinand II of Aragon.[2] His brother, Tomás de Borja y Castro, also entered the Church, becoming Bishop of Málaga, and later Archbishop of Zaragoza.

As a child he was very pious and wished to become a monk, but his family sent him instead to serve in the court of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor (who was also King Charles I of Spain), where he was welcomed warmly.[2] He excelled there, accompanying the Emperor on several campaigns.

Adult life and career

In Madrid in the month of September 1529, he married a Portuguese noblewoman, Leonor de Castro Mello y Meneses. They had eight children: Carlos in 1530, Isabel in 1532, Juan in 1533, Álvaro circa 1535, Juana also circa 1535, Fernando in 1537, Dorotea in 1538, and Alfonso in 1539. Charles V appointed him Marquess of Lombay, master of the hounds, and equerry to the empress.[2]

In 1539, he convoyed the corpse of Isabella of Portugal, Philip II of Spain's mother, to her burial place in Granada. In that same year (1539), he became Viceroy of Catalonia, replacing Fadrique de Portugal y Noroña, though he was only 29.

In these earlier years of his life he enjoyed composing musical ecclesiastical pieces. In these pieces he displayed a remarkable contrapuntal style, justifying the assertion that, "In the sixteenth century and prior to Palestrina, Borgia was one of the chief restorers of sacred music."[2]

In 1543 upon the death of his father, the 3rd Duke, Francis became the 4th Duke of Gandía.[3] His diplomatic abilities came into question after his failed attempt at arranging a marriage between Prince Philip of Spain and the Princess of Portugal, thus ending a hope of bringing these two countries together, and resulting in his retirement as duke, handing his title to his son, Carlos.[4] By then 33 years old, he had retired to his native place and devoted himself to religious activities.

Jesuit priest

 
Francis Borgia at Isabella of Portugal's coffin by Pietro della Vecchia

In 1546 his wife Eleanor died, and Francis then decided to enter the newly formed Society of Jesus, after making adequate provisions for his children. He put his affairs in order circa 1551, renounced his titles in favour of his eldest son Carlos de Borja-Aragon y de Castro-Melo, and became a Jesuit priest. He helped in the establishment of what is now the Gregorian University in Rome.[5] Upon Francis’ return from a journey to Peru, Pope Julius III made known his intention to make him a cardinal.[4] To prevent this, Borgia decided, in agreement with St. Ignatius, to leave the city secretly and go to the Basque Country, where it was thought he would be safe from the papal desires.[6] He felt incompletion to spend time in seclusion and prayer, but his administrative talents also made him a natural for other tasks. In time his friends persuaded him to accept the leadership role that nature and circumstances had destined him for: in 1554, he became the Jesuit commissary-general in Spain,[7] where he founded a dozen colleges.[5] After only two years, St. Francis was crowned for missions in the East and West Indies.[4] In 1565, he was elected the third "Father General" or Superior General of the Society of Jesus, after the death in January 1565 of Diego Laynez, (Almazán, Spain, 1512 – January 1565).

His successes during the period 1565–1572 made historians to describe Francis as the greatest General after Saint Ignatius. He founded the Collegium Romanum, which was to become the Gregorian University, advised kings and popes, and closely supervised all the affairs of the mushrooming order. Yet, despite being the supreme, Francis led a humble life and was acclaimed in his own lifetime as a saint.

Francis Borgia died in 1572.[5]

Death and legacy

 
Saint Francis Borgia Helping a Dying Impenitent, painted by Francisco Goya

Francis Borgia died on 30 September 1572, in Rome. His mortal remains were repatriated to Spain in 1617 and kept from 1627 at the Jesuit professed house in Madrid that was newly built for that purpose north of Plaza Mayor on a donation from Francisco Gómez de Sandoval y Rojas, 1st Duke of Lerma.[8][9] On 30 July 1901, the silver urn contained the relics was transferred to the church of the Sacred Church and San Francis Borgia on calle de la Flor Baja, part of a new Jesuit residence (later professed house from 1911) established thanks to a donation from Manuel Álvarez de Toledo [es].[10] After that church was destroyed by arson in 1931, some of his ashes were recovered and eventually reinterred in the new Jesuit complex on calle de Serrano.[11]

Francis Borgia was beatified in Madrid on 23 November 1624, by Pope Urban VIII. He was canonized nearly 35 years later on 20 June 1670,[7] by Pope Clement X. His liturgical feast was inserted into the General Roman Calendar in 1688 for celebration on 10 October,[12] the date then free from other celebrations that was closest to that of his death.

Parishes are dedicated to St. Francis Borgia in Chicago, Illinois,[13] Sturgis, Kentucky,[14] Washington, Missouri,[15] Blair, Nebraska,[16] and Cedarburg, Wisconsin.[17] Also in the village of Isio in the town of Cauayan, Negros Occidental, Philippines. The Jesuit-founded city of São Borja, in southern Brazil, is named after him.

St. Francis Borgia Regional High School is located in Washington, Missouri.[18]

Descendants

Ancestry

Music

Marc-Antoine Charpentier, Motet pour St François de Borgia, H.354, for 1 voice, 2 treble instruments, and continuo (? late 1680s)

See also

References

  1. ^ "CatholicSaints.info Saint Francis Borgia". www.catholicsaints.info. Retrieved October 2, 2022.
  2. ^ a b c d "CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Francis Borgia". www.newadvent.org. Retrieved 2017-07-15.
  3. ^ "Saint Francis Borgia | Jesuit superior general". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2017-08-24.
  4. ^ a b c "Patron Saint | St. Francis Borgia Catholic Church". saintfrancisborgia.org. Retrieved 2017-07-15.
  5. ^ a b c Foley O.F.M., Leonard. Saint of the Day, Lives, Lessons, and Feast, (revised by Pat McCloskey O.F.M.) Franciscan Media ISBN 978-0-86716-887-7
  6. ^ "Francis Borgia, SJ". www.manresa-sj.org. Retrieved 2018-08-21.
  7. ^ a b "Our Parish Patron Saint - St. Francis Borgia", St. Francis Borgia Catholic Church, Chicago, Illinois 2013-04-13 at the Wayback Machine
  8. ^ Pierre Suau (1909), "St. Francis Borgia", Catholic Encyclopedia
  9. ^ Martín Corral Estrada (14 May 2019). "La primera Casa Profesa de Madrid". Jesuitas Madrid.
  10. ^ Martín Corral Estrada (17 June 2019). "La segunda Casa Profesa de Madrid". Jesuitas Madrid.
  11. ^ José Francisco Serrano Oceja (30 December 2017). "San Francisco de Borja: una parroquia con vocación universal". ABC Madrid.
  12. ^ Online, Catholic. "St. Francis Borgia - Saints & Angels - Catholic Online". Catholic Online. Retrieved 2017-07-15.
  13. ^ "Saint Francis Borgia Catholic Church". stfrancisborgiachicago.com. Retrieved 2017-07-15.
  14. ^ "St. Francis Borgia". St. Francis Borgia. Retrieved 2017-07-15.
  15. ^ "Saint Francis Borgia". Saint Francis Borgia. Retrieved 2017-07-15.
  16. ^ "St. Francis Borgia Catholic Church | Blair, NE". stfrancisborgia.org. Retrieved 2017-07-15.
  17. ^ "St. Francis Borgia Catholic Church". www.saintfrancisborgia.org. Retrieved 2017-07-15.
  18. ^ "St. Francis Borgia Regional High School | Catholic College Preparatory High School in Washington, MO". www.borgia.com. Retrieved 2017-07-15.
  19. ^ "Baltasar de Borja y Velasco". Real Academia de la Historia. Retrieved 2019-03-30.

Bibliography

  • Candido de Dalmases, Francis Borgia. Grandee of Spain, Jesuit, Saint, Saint-Louis, 1991
  • Candido de Dalmases, El Padre Francisco de Borja, Madrid, 1983.24 pages. Madrid: Editorial Católica, (1983). ISBN, 8422011166, ISBN 978-84-220-1116-3
  • Margaret Yeo, The greatest of the Borgias, New York, 1936, 374 pages
  • Enrique García Hernán, Sanctus Franciscus Borgia: Quartus Gandiae Dux et Societatis Iesu Praepositus Generalis Tertius, 1510-1572 , Volumen 156, Monumenta Borgia Series Volumes 156–157, Monumenta Historica Societatis Iesu (1903) (new edition by Edit. Generalitat Valeciana, 2003)
  • Enrique García Hernán, Francisco de Borja, Grande de España, 1999 reprint by Institució Alfons el Magnànim, (Diputació de Valência), of the 1903 edition, 292 pages, ISBN 84-7822-275-8
  • Francisco de Borja, Santo y Duque de Gandia (1510-2010) by several authors in several subjects, Bromera edit., 2010, ISBN 978-84-9824-634-6
  • Angel Santos Hernandez, Jesuitas y Obispados: la Compañia de Jesús y las dignidades eclesiasticas,(1999), 539 pages,in Spanish, Universidad Pontificia de Comillas edit. ISBN 978-84-89708-48-8, https://books.google.com/books?id=QRzrJ9EPmaIC. a Google book to be found under:
  • María Rosa Urraca Pastor, San Francisco de Borja, Barcelona 1943

External links

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Francis Borgia.
 
Wikisource has the text of a 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article about Francis Borgia.
  • (in Spanish) Diario Borja - Borgia
  • (in Spanish) Borja - Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre
  • (in Spanish) Borgia - Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre
  • (in Spanish) Borja o Borgia
  • (in Spanish) Francisco Fernández de Bethencourt - Historia Genealógica y Heráldica Española, Casa Real y Grandes de España, tomo cuarto 2019-04-01 at the Wayback Machine
  • (in Spanish) Una rama subsistente del linaje Borja en América española, por Jaime de Salazar y Acha, Académico de Número de la Real Academia Matritense de Heráldica y Genealogía
  • (in Spanish)

May 05, 2023
francis, borgia, other, uses, francisco, borja, disambiguation, valencian, francesc, borja, spanish, francisco, borja, october, 1510, september, 1572, spanish, jesuit, priest, great, grandson, pope, alexander, duke, gandía, grandee, spain, after, death, wife, . For other uses see Francisco de Borja disambiguation Francis Borgia SJ Valencian Francesc de Borja Spanish Francisco de Borja 28 October 1510 30 September 1572 was a Spanish Jesuit priest The great grandson of Pope Alexander VI he was Duke of Gandia and a grandee of Spain After the death of his wife Borgia renounced his titles and became a priest in the Society of Jesus later serving as its third superior general He was canonized on 20 June 1670 by Pope Clement X SaintFrancis BorgiaSJPainting by Alonso Cano 1624Duke of GandiaConfessorPriestBorn28 October 1510Duchy of Gandia Kingdom of Valencia SpainDied30 September 1572 aged 61 Rome Papal StatesVenerated inCatholic ChurchBeatified23 November 1624 Madrid Kingdom of Spain by Pope Urban VIIICanonized20 June 1670 Rome by Pope Clement XMajor shrineRelics translated to the Jesuit church in Madrid 1901Feast30 September10 October 1688 1969 3 October Jesuits 1 AttributesSkull crowned with an emperor s diademPatronageAgainst earthquakes Portugal Gandia Rota Marianas Contents 1 Early life 2 Adult life and career 3 Jesuit priest 4 Death and legacy 5 Descendants 6 Ancestry 7 Music 8 See also 9 References 10 Bibliography 11 External linksEarly life EditHe was born in the Duchy of Gandia in the Kingdom of Valencia part of Aragon on 28 October 1510 His father was Juan Borgia 3rd Duke of Gandia the son of Giovanni Borgia the son of Pope Alexander VI Rodrigo Borgia His mother was Juana daughter of Alonso de Aragon Archbishop of Zaragoza who in turn was the illegitimate son of King Ferdinand II of Aragon 2 His brother Tomas de Borja y Castro also entered the Church becoming Bishop of Malaga and later Archbishop of Zaragoza As a child he was very pious and wished to become a monk but his family sent him instead to serve in the court of Charles V Holy Roman Emperor who was also King Charles I of Spain where he was welcomed warmly 2 He excelled there accompanying the Emperor on several campaigns Adult life and career EditIn Madrid in the month of September 1529 he married a Portuguese noblewoman Leonor de Castro Mello y Meneses They had eight children Carlos in 1530 Isabel in 1532 Juan in 1533 Alvaro circa 1535 Juana also circa 1535 Fernando in 1537 Dorotea in 1538 and Alfonso in 1539 Charles V appointed him Marquess of Lombay master of the hounds and equerry to the empress 2 In 1539 he convoyed the corpse of Isabella of Portugal Philip II of Spain s mother to her burial place in Granada In that same year 1539 he became Viceroy of Catalonia replacing Fadrique de Portugal y Norona though he was only 29 In these earlier years of his life he enjoyed composing musical ecclesiastical pieces In these pieces he displayed a remarkable contrapuntal style justifying the assertion that In the sixteenth century and prior to Palestrina Borgia was one of the chief restorers of sacred music 2 In 1543 upon the death of his father the 3rd Duke Francis became the 4th Duke of Gandia 3 His diplomatic abilities came into question after his failed attempt at arranging a marriage between Prince Philip of Spain and the Princess of Portugal thus ending a hope of bringing these two countries together and resulting in his retirement as duke handing his title to his son Carlos 4 By then 33 years old he had retired to his native place and devoted himself to religious activities Jesuit priest Edit Francis Borgia at Isabella of Portugal s coffin by Pietro della Vecchia In 1546 his wife Eleanor died and Francis then decided to enter the newly formed Society of Jesus after making adequate provisions for his children He put his affairs in order circa 1551 renounced his titles in favour of his eldest son Carlos de Borja Aragon y de Castro Melo and became a Jesuit priest He helped in the establishment of what is now the Gregorian University in Rome 5 Upon Francis return from a journey to Peru Pope Julius III made known his intention to make him a cardinal 4 To prevent this Borgia decided in agreement with St Ignatius to leave the city secretly and go to the Basque Country where it was thought he would be safe from the papal desires 6 He felt incompletion to spend time in seclusion and prayer but his administrative talents also made him a natural for other tasks In time his friends persuaded him to accept the leadership role that nature and circumstances had destined him for in 1554 he became the Jesuit commissary general in Spain 7 where he founded a dozen colleges 5 After only two years St Francis was crowned for missions in the East and West Indies 4 In 1565 he was elected the third Father General or Superior General of the Society of Jesus after the death in January 1565 of Diego Laynez Almazan Spain 1512 January 1565 His successes during the period 1565 1572 made historians to describe Francis as the greatest General after Saint Ignatius He founded the Collegium Romanum which was to become the Gregorian University advised kings and popes and closely supervised all the affairs of the mushrooming order Yet despite being the supreme Francis led a humble life and was acclaimed in his own lifetime as a saint Francis Borgia died in 1572 5 Death and legacy Edit Saint Francis Borgia Helping a Dying Impenitent painted by Francisco Goya Francis Borgia died on 30 September 1572 in Rome His mortal remains were repatriated to Spain in 1617 and kept from 1627 at the Jesuit professed house in Madrid that was newly built for that purpose north of Plaza Mayor on a donation from Francisco Gomez de Sandoval y Rojas 1st Duke of Lerma 8 9 On 30 July 1901 the silver urn contained the relics was transferred to the church of the Sacred Church and San Francis Borgia on calle de la Flor Baja part of a new Jesuit residence later professed house from 1911 established thanks to a donation from Manuel Alvarez de Toledo es 10 After that church was destroyed by arson in 1931 some of his ashes were recovered and eventually reinterred in the new Jesuit complex on calle de Serrano 11 Francis Borgia was beatified in Madrid on 23 November 1624 by Pope Urban VIII He was canonized nearly 35 years later on 20 June 1670 7 by Pope Clement X His liturgical feast was inserted into the General Roman Calendar in 1688 for celebration on 10 October 12 the date then free from other celebrations that was closest to that of his death Parishes are dedicated to St Francis Borgia in Chicago Illinois 13 Sturgis Kentucky 14 Washington Missouri 15 Blair Nebraska 16 and Cedarburg Wisconsin 17 Also in the village of Isio in the town of Cauayan Negros Occidental Philippines The Jesuit founded city of Sao Borja in southern Brazil is named after him St Francis Borgia Regional High School is located in Washington Missouri 18 Descendants EditCarlos 5th Duke de Gandia Francisco Tomas 6th Duke de Gandia Inigo de Borja Gaspar de Borja y Velasco Baltasar de Borja y Velasco 19 Juan de Borja y Castro Fernando de Borja y Castro Juan Buenaventura de Borja y Armendia Isabel Francisco Gomez de Sandoval 1st Duke of Lerma Juana Gomez de Sandoval Luisa de GuzmanAncestry EditAncestors of Francis Borgia8 Pope Alexander VI4 Giovanni Borgia 2nd Duke of Gandia9 Vannozza dei Cattanei2 Juan de Borja Enriquez 3rd Duke of Gandia10 Enrique Enriquez de Quinones 1st Lord of Orce5 Maria Enriquez de Luna11 Maria de Luna Ayala1 Francis Borgia 4th Duke of Gandia12 Ferdinand II of Aragon6 Alonso de Aragon13 Aldonza Ruiz de Ivorra3 Juana de Aragon Gurrea14 Juan de Gurrea7 Ana de Gurrea15 Catalina Lopez de GurreaMusic EditMarc Antoine Charpentier Motet pour St Francois de Borgia H 354 for 1 voice 2 treble instruments and continuo late 1680s See also EditHouse of Borgia Route of the Borgias Statue of Francis Borgia Charles BridgeReferences Edit CatholicSaints info Saint Francis Borgia www catholicsaints info Retrieved October 2 2022 a b c d CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA Francis Borgia www newadvent org Retrieved 2017 07 15 Saint Francis Borgia Jesuit superior general Encyclopedia Britannica Retrieved 2017 08 24 a b c Patron Saint St Francis Borgia Catholic Church saintfrancisborgia org Retrieved 2017 07 15 a b c Foley O F M Leonard Saint of the Day Lives Lessons and Feast revised by Pat McCloskey O F M Franciscan Media ISBN 978 0 86716 887 7 Francis Borgia SJ www manresa sj org Retrieved 2018 08 21 a b Our Parish Patron Saint St Francis Borgia St Francis Borgia Catholic Church Chicago Illinois Archived 2013 04 13 at the Wayback Machine Pierre Suau 1909 St Francis Borgia Catholic Encyclopedia Martin Corral Estrada 14 May 2019 La primera Casa Profesa de Madrid Jesuitas Madrid Martin Corral Estrada 17 June 2019 La segunda Casa Profesa de Madrid Jesuitas Madrid Jose Francisco Serrano Oceja 30 December 2017 San Francisco de Borja una parroquia con vocacion universal ABC Madrid Online Catholic St Francis Borgia Saints amp Angels Catholic Online Catholic Online Retrieved 2017 07 15 Saint Francis Borgia Catholic Church stfrancisborgiachicago com Retrieved 2017 07 15 St Francis Borgia St Francis Borgia Retrieved 2017 07 15 Saint Francis Borgia Saint Francis Borgia Retrieved 2017 07 15 St Francis Borgia Catholic Church Blair NE stfrancisborgia org Retrieved 2017 07 15 St Francis Borgia Catholic Church www saintfrancisborgia org Retrieved 2017 07 15 St Francis Borgia Regional High School Catholic College Preparatory High School in Washington MO www borgia com Retrieved 2017 07 15 Baltasar de Borja y Velasco Real Academia de la Historia Retrieved 2019 03 30 Bibliography EditCandido de Dalmases Francis Borgia Grandee of Spain Jesuit Saint Saint Louis 1991 Candido de Dalmases El Padre Francisco de Borja Madrid 1983 24 pages Madrid Editorial Catolica 1983 ISBN 8422011166 ISBN 978 84 220 1116 3 Margaret Yeo The greatest of the Borgias New York 1936 374 pages Enrique Garcia Hernan Sanctus Franciscus Borgia Quartus Gandiae Dux et Societatis Iesu Praepositus Generalis Tertius 1510 1572 Volumen 156 Monumenta Borgia Series Volumes 156 157 Monumenta Historica Societatis Iesu 1903 new edition by Edit Generalitat Valeciana 2003 Enrique Garcia Hernan Francisco de Borja Grande de Espana 1999 reprint by Institucio Alfons el Magnanim Diputacio de Valencia of the 1903 edition 292 pages ISBN 84 7822 275 8 Francisco de Borja Santo y Duque de Gandia 1510 2010 by several authors in several subjects Bromera edit 2010 ISBN 978 84 9824 634 6 Angel Santos Hernandez Jesuitas y Obispados la Compania de Jesus y las dignidades eclesiasticas 1999 539 pages in Spanish Universidad Pontificia de Comillas edit ISBN 978 84 89708 48 8 https books google com books id QRzrJ9EPmaIC a Google book to be found under Maria Rosa Urraca Pastor San Francisco de Borja Barcelona 1943External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Francis Borgia Wikisource has the text of a 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica article about Francis Borgia Tradition in Action Saint of the Day St Francis Borgia in Spanish Diario Borja Borgia in Spanish Borja Wikipedia la enciclopedia libre in Spanish Borgia Wikipedia la enciclopedia libre in Spanish Borja o Borgia in Spanish Francisco Fernandez de Bethencourt Historia Genealogica y Heraldica Espanola Casa Real y Grandes de Espana tomo cuarto Archived 2019 04 01 at the Wayback Machine in Spanish Una rama subsistente del linaje Borja en America espanola por Jaime de Salazar y Acha Academico de Numero de la Real Academia Matritense de Heraldica y Genealogia in Spanish Boletin de la Real Academia Matritense de Heraldica y GenealogiaCatholic Church titlesPreceded byJames Lainez Superior General of the Society of Jesus1565 1572 Succeeded byEverard Mercurian Portals Biography Catholicism Saints Spain Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Francis Borgia amp oldid 1149152259, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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