François de Vendôme, duc de Beaufort (16 January 1616 – 25 June 1669)[1] was the son of César, Duke of Vendôme, and Françoise de Lorraine. He was a prominent figure in the Fronde, and later went on to fight in the Mediterranean. He is sometimes called François de Vendôme, though he was born into the House of Bourbon, Vendôme coming from his father's title of Duke of Vendôme.
In March 1665 he led a small fleet which defeated a small Algerian fleet near the Goletta, Tunisia (Action of March 1665). In 1669 he led the newly arrived French troops defending Candia against the Ottoman Turks, and was presumed to have been killed in a night sortie, on 25 June 1669. His body was brought back to France for a state funeral.
Beaufort is a picturesque figure in French history of the 17th century. He was the second son of César de Vendôme, an illegitimate son of King Henry IV of France by his mistress, Gabrielle d'Estrées. He began his career in the army and served in the first campaigns of the Thirty Years' War, but his ambitions and unscrupulous character soon found a more congenial field in the intrigues of the court. In 1642 he joined in the conspiracy of Cinq Mars against Cardinal Richelieu, and upon its failure was obliged to live in exile in England until Richelieu's death.[2]
Returning to France, Beaufort became the centre of a group, known as the "cabale des Importants [fr]", in which court ladies predominated, especially the Duchess of Chevreuse and the Duchess of Montbazon [fr]. For an instant after the king's death, this group seemed likely to prevail, and Beaufort to be the head of the new government. Cardinal Mazarin gained the office, and Beaufort, accused of a plot to murder Mazarin, was imprisoned in Vincennes, in September 1643.[2]
Beaufort escaped from prison on 31 May 1648, just in time to join the Fronde, which began in August 1648. He was then with Parliament and the princes, against Mazarin. His personal appearance, his affectation of popular manners, his quality of grandson (legitimized), of Henry IV, rendered him a favourite of the Parisians, who acclaimed him everywhere. He was known as the Roi des Halles ("king of the markets"), and popular subscriptions were opened to pay his debts. He had hopes of becoming prime minister. But among the members of Parliament and the other leaders of the Fronde, he was regarded as merely a tool. His intelligence was but mediocre, and he showed no talent during the war.[2]
Mazarin, on his return to Paris, exiled Beaufort in October 1652; and he was only allowed to return in 1654, when the cardinal had no longer any reason to fear him. Thenceforth Beaufort no longer intrigued. In 1658 he was named general superintendent of navigation, or chief of the naval army, and faithfully served the king in naval wars from that on. In 1664 he directed the expedition against the pirates of Algiers. In 1669, during the siege of Candia he led the French troops defending Candia against the Turks, and was killed in a night sortie, on 25 June 1669. His body was brought back to France with great pomp, and official honours rendered it.[2]
He also appears in Le Roi Soleil, a French musical which opened in Paris in 2005 where he was played by Merwan Rim. Beaufort is also one of the main characters in the trilogy "Secret d'État", by French novelist Juliette Benzoni.
^Bardakçı, Özkan; Pugnière, François, eds. (2008), "Chapitre III. Les interventions françaises dans la guerre de Candie", La dernière croisade : Les Français et la guerre de Candie, 1669 (in French), Presses universitaires de Rennes, pp. 61–77, doi:10.4000/books.pur.5091, ISBN9782753530904, retrieved 7 March 2021
^"Born Marie de Savoie-Nemours on June 21, 1646; died on December 27, 1683; daughter of Charles Amedee of Savoy (who was killed in a celebrated duel with his brother-in-law, Francois de Vendome, duke of Beaufort)... " (Commire & Klezmer 2001, p. 388).
References
Commire, Anne; Klezmer, Deborah (2001), Women in world history: a biographical encyclopedia, vol. 10, p. 388
Attribution:
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911), "Beaufort, François de Vendôme", Encyclopædia Britannica, vol. 3 (11th ed.), Cambridge University Press, p. 586 Endnotes:
See the memoirs of the time, notably those of La Rochefoucauld, the Cardinal de Retz, and Madame de Motteville.
D'Avenel Richelieu et la monarchie absolue (1884);
Chéruel, La France sous le ministère de Mazarin (1879)
La France sous la minorité de Louis XIV (1882).
January 06, 2023
françois, vendôme, beaufort, january, 1616, june, 1669, césar, duke, vendôme, françoise, lorraine, prominent, figure, fronde, later, went, fight, mediterranean, sometimes, called, françois, vendôme, though, born, into, house, bourbon, vendôme, coming, from, fa. Francois de Vendome duc de Beaufort 16 January 1616 25 June 1669 1 was the son of Cesar Duke of Vendome and Francoise de Lorraine He was a prominent figure in the Fronde and later went on to fight in the Mediterranean He is sometimes called Francois de Vendome though he was born into the House of Bourbon Vendome coming from his father s title of Duke of Vendome Francois de VendomeDuke of BeaufortPortrait by Jean NocretBorn 1616 01 16 16 January 1616Chateau de Coucy Picardy FranceDied25 June 1669 1669 06 25 aged 53 Candia CreteNamesFrancois de BourbonHouseBourbon VendomeFatherCesar de BourbonMotherFrancoise de LorraineReligionRoman CatholicismIn March 1665 he led a small fleet which defeated a small Algerian fleet near the Goletta Tunisia Action of March 1665 In 1669 he led the newly arrived French troops defending Candia against the Ottoman Turks and was presumed to have been killed in a night sortie on 25 June 1669 His body was brought back to France for a state funeral Contents 1 Biography 2 Depictions in fiction 3 Ancestry 4 Notes 5 ReferencesBiography EditBeaufort is a picturesque figure in French history of the 17th century He was the second son of Cesar de Vendome an illegitimate son of King Henry IV of France by his mistress Gabrielle d Estrees He began his career in the army and served in the first campaigns of the Thirty Years War but his ambitions and unscrupulous character soon found a more congenial field in the intrigues of the court In 1642 he joined in the conspiracy of Cinq Mars against Cardinal Richelieu and upon its failure was obliged to live in exile in England until Richelieu s death 2 Returning to France Beaufort became the centre of a group known as the cabale des Importants fr in which court ladies predominated especially the Duchess of Chevreuse and the Duchess of Montbazon fr For an instant after the king s death this group seemed likely to prevail and Beaufort to be the head of the new government Cardinal Mazarin gained the office and Beaufort accused of a plot to murder Mazarin was imprisoned in Vincennes in September 1643 2 Beaufort escaped from prison on 31 May 1648 just in time to join the Fronde which began in August 1648 He was then with Parliament and the princes against Mazarin His personal appearance his affectation of popular manners his quality of grandson legitimized of Henry IV rendered him a favourite of the Parisians who acclaimed him everywhere He was known as the Roi des Halles king of the markets and popular subscriptions were opened to pay his debts He had hopes of becoming prime minister But among the members of Parliament and the other leaders of the Fronde he was regarded as merely a tool His intelligence was but mediocre and he showed no talent during the war 2 He killed his sister s husband Charles Amedee of Savoy in a duel in 1652 3 Mazarin on his return to Paris exiled Beaufort in October 1652 and he was only allowed to return in 1654 when the cardinal had no longer any reason to fear him Thenceforth Beaufort no longer intrigued In 1658 he was named general superintendent of navigation or chief of the naval army and faithfully served the king in naval wars from that on In 1664 he directed the expedition against the pirates of Algiers In 1669 during the siege of Candia he led the French troops defending Candia against the Turks and was killed in a night sortie on 25 June 1669 His body was brought back to France with great pomp and official honours rendered it 2 Depictions in fiction EditBeaufort is one of the characters of Twenty Years After and The Vicomte de Bragelonne Alexandre Dumas s sequels to The Three Musketeers The first book chronicles his escape on Whitsunday plotted by Athos and lampoons his tendency to utter malapropisms He also appears in Le Roi Soleil a French musical which opened in Paris in 2005 where he was played by Merwan Rim Beaufort is also one of the main characters in the trilogy Secret d Etat by French novelist Juliette Benzoni Ancestry EditThis section does not cite any sources Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed June 2015 Learn how and when to remove this template message Ancestors of Francois de Vendome duc de Beaufort16 Charles de Bourbon Duke of Vendome8 Antoine de Bourbon Duke of Vendome King of Navarre17 Francoise d Alencon4 Henry IV of France18 Henry II of Navarre9 Jeanne III of Navarre19 Marguerite de Navarre2 Cesar de Bourbon Duke of Vendome Beaufort and Etampes20 Jean d Estrees Marquis of Cœuvres10 Antoine d Estrees21 Catherine de Bourbon5 Gabrielle d Estrees22 Jean Babou de La Bourdaisiere Count of Sagonne11 Francoise Babou de La Bourdaisiere23 Francoise Robertet Dame of Alluyes1 Francois de Bourbon Duke of Beaufort24 Antoine Duke of Lorraine12 Nicholas of Lorraine Duke of Mercœur25 Renee of Bourbon6 Philippe Emmanuel of Lorraine Duke of Mercœur26 Philip of Savoy Duke of Nemours13 Joanna of Savoy27 Charlotte d Orleans3 Francoise de Lorraine Duchess of Mercœur and of Penthievre28 Francois de Luxembourg Viscount of Martigues14 Sebastien Duke of Penthievre29 Charlotte de Brosse7 Marie of Luxembourg Duchess of Penthievre30 Jean de Beaucaire Seigneur of Puyguillon15 Marie de Beaucaire31 Guyonne du BreuilNotes Edit Bardakci Ozkan Pugniere Francois eds 2008 Chapitre III Les interventions francaises dans la guerre de Candie La derniere croisade Les Francais et la guerre de Candie 1669 in French Presses universitaires de Rennes pp 61 77 doi 10 4000 books pur 5091 ISBN 9782753530904 retrieved 7 March 2021 a b c d Chisholm 1911 p 586 Born Marie de Savoie Nemours on June 21 1646 died on December 27 1683 daughter of Charles Amedee of Savoy who was killed in a celebrated duel with his brother in law Francois de Vendome duke of Beaufort Commire amp Klezmer 2001 p 388 References EditCommire Anne Klezmer Deborah 2001 Women in world history a biographical encyclopedia vol 10 p 388Attribution This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain Chisholm Hugh ed 1911 Beaufort Francois de Vendome Encyclopaedia Britannica vol 3 11th ed Cambridge University Press p 586 Endnotes See the memoirs of the time notably those of La Rochefoucauld the Cardinal de Retz and Madame de Motteville D Avenel Richelieu et la monarchie absolue 1884 Cheruel La France sous le ministere de Mazarin 1879 La France sous la minorite de Louis XIV 1882 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Francois de Vendome duc de Beaufort amp oldid 1105247194, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
