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Fort Canning Tunnel

December 02, 2023

Fort Canning Tunnel (Chinese: 福康宁隧道; pinyin: Fúkāngníng Suìdào), abbreviated as FCT,[1] is a vehicular tunnel in the Central Area of Singapore.

Fort Canning Tunnel close to completion in November 2006
Fort Canning Tunnel

Besides the utilisation of relatively new engineering techniques, special care was taken to minimise impact on the environment of the surrounding Fort Canning during construction. The original contract for the FCT project was awarded to Sato Kogyo for S$25.95 million.[2]

The FCT was one of four Technical Tours organised by the Land Transport Authority and Association of Consulting Engineers on 29 September 2006 during the World Roads Conference 2006 held in Singapore.[1]

Description edit

 
A signboard with the FCT's contract information

Location edit

The FCT cuts under Fort Canning Park and an access road, Canning Rise.[3][4] The entrance to the tunnel is roughly located on the land housing the Old National Library Building,[4][5] at the junction of Stamford Road, Armenian Street and Queen Street. It brings traffic to Penang Road, providing direct access to the Orchard area.[3][5] The stretch of Stamford Road between Queen Street and Bencoolen Street will also be permanently realigned in front of the National Museum of Singapore after the FCT's construction.[3] The bedrock of the area was the so-called Fort Canning Boulder Bed, a stiff clay with huge embedded boulders.[6]

Features edit

The tunnel is part of a 500 m uni-directional three-lane new road. The FCT itself has a length of 350 m,[3] and will include an Electronic Road Pricing (ERP) gantry to "close up the Orchard Road ERP cordon".[5] The FCT incorporates electrical cables to ensure continued mobile phone and radio coverage. Furthermore, ventilation jets were installed in case of traffic congestion or fire.[5] The tunnel has no fire exits, due to the relatively short distance. National Fire Protection Association standards require emergency escapes in tunnels every 300 m. 4 closed-circuit TV cameras are installed, 2 of which are inside the tunnel.[7]

Rationale edit

The FCT project was based on the Urban Redevelopment Authority's plans for the Museum Planning Area.[3] Over 3,000 vehicles pass through Stamford Road every hour during peak periods.[7] With the old traffic scheme, motorists stopped at 2 traffic lights at slow speeds, which made the area prone to congestion.[5] In view of increased traffic from new developments in Marina Centre and Marina South to the Orchard shopping area,[3][4] design plans for the tunnel were drawn up to allow motorists to bypass several traffic junctions.[8] The tunnel cuts journey times from 5 minutes to as fast as 18 seconds.[7]

The construction of the FCT would form a grid pattern, resulting in more efficient land use for the adjacent Singapore Management University (SMU) campus.[8] The realignment of Stamford Road would also make the journey to Bras Basah and Little India smoother.[4] By cutting through Fort Canning Hill, the historical and environmental significance of the area would still be preserved.[3]

Construction edit

 
Fort Canning Tunnel under construction in May 2006
 
Workers fixing piping at the tunnel entrance

Construction of the FCT started in October 2003[3] and the tunnel was opened on 16 January 2007,[5] despite original plans for completion by the end of 2006.[4] The cost of the project was originally set at S$25.95 million,[2] but this increased to S$34 million[4] and eventually up to S$40 million.[5] The tunnel was opened on 16 January 2007 at 6 a.m. SST.[9]

Facilitating construction edit

To make way for the construction process, the old National Library was demolished and moved to its present location along Victoria Street.[5] Sections of Canning Rise were closed twice during the course of construction. First, a stretch of road was closed for 3 months from 1 July 2004.[2] After this, a different section was closed "to facilitate the reinstatement works" of the FCT from 25 April 2006 for a period of two months.[10] However, this second closure was extended to 31 August.[11] In addition, a section of Stamford Road was temporarily redirected through the SMU campus near Prinsep Street during construction[4] before its final realignment in front of the National Museum.[3]

Their two bus stops were relocated. The diversion of Stamford Road had to put a bus stop near to the school (SMU), instead of near to National Museum of Singapore. This bus stop retains the CBD 1994-style bus stop pole look and the name was renamed from "National Library" to "Singapore History Museum", before changing it to "SMU". In 2002, the bus stop pole was expanded bigger.

In order not to conflict fast-moving traffic, the bus stop was moved to another side (Dhoby Ghaut MRT Station). It also retains the CBD 1994-style bus stop pole look.

Construction method edit

180 m of the tunnel was constructed using an engineering technique known as the New Austrian Tunnelling method (NATM),[6] which is similar to mining.[5] The construction team used overlapping steel pipe roofs as support, with shotcrete lining, thick temporary invert, 2 layers of mesh, lattice girders and a watertight PVC membrane.[6] The FCT is the first Singaporean road tunnel to use NATM, which has saved at least 22 trees in Fort Canning Park,[12] including a 50-year-old tree.[5] None of the designated 'Heritage Trees' were impacted by the FCT project.[2] The remainder of the tunnel was constructed with the cheaper and more traditional cut-and-cover method.[6]

A professional arboriculture company, Arborculture, was employed to assess the risk to flora in the area, as well as provide conservation and management strategies.[13]

References edit

  1. ^ a b . World Roads Conference 2006. Land Transport Authority & Association of Consulting Engineers Singapore. 2005. Archived from the original on 29 September 2007. Retrieved 25 November 2006.
  2. ^ a b c d . News Releases. Land Transport Authority. 29 June 2004. Archived from the original on 8 October 2007. Retrieved 25 November 2006.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i "Construction of Fort Canning Tunnel & Realignment of Stamford Road". ONE.MOTORING – Road Projects. Land Transport Authority. from the original on 18 November 2006. Retrieved 25 November 2006.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g Lin Yanqin (30 March 2006). . TODAYonline. MediaCorp Press. Archived from the original on 30 May 2006. Retrieved 25 November 2006.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j . Yahoo! Asia News. Channel NewsAsia. 22 November 2006. Archived from the original on 6 March 2007. Retrieved 25 November 2006.
  6. ^ a b c d . Consulting Engineers Laabmayr & Partner ZT GmbH. 2005. Archived from the original on 1 March 2007. Retrieved 25 November 2006.
  7. ^ a b c Leong Wee Keat (22 November 2006). "Faster trip from town" (PDF). Retrieved 23 January 2007.
  8. ^ a b "Expenditure Overview: Ministry of Transport". Singapore Budget 2004. Ministry of Finance. 10 March 2004. from the original on 2 October 2006. Retrieved 25 November 2006.
  9. ^ Noor Mohd Aziz (15 January 2007). "Changes to bus lane operating hours from April". Channel NewsAsia. Retrieved 23 January 2007.
  10. ^ . News Releases. Land Transport Authority. 21 April 2006. Archived from the original on 8 October 2007. Retrieved 25 November 2006.
  11. ^ . News Releases. Land Transport Authority. 23 August 2006. Archived from the original on 8 October 2007. Retrieved 25 November 2006.
  12. ^ "Environmental Initiatives – Preserving Our Trees". Land Transport Authority. 17 March 2005. from the original on 16 December 2006. Retrieved 25 November 2006.
  13. ^ . Arborculture. Archived from the original on 8 December 2006. Retrieved 25 November 2006.
 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Fort Canning Tunnel.

1°17′51″N 103°50′47″E / 1.29750°N 103.84639°E / 1.29750; 103.84639

December 02, 2023
fort, canning, tunnel, chinese, 福康宁隧道, pinyin, fúkāngníng, suìdào, abbreviated, vehicular, tunnel, central, area, singapore, close, completion, november, 2006, besides, utilisation, relatively, engineering, techniques, special, care, taken, minimise, impact, e. Fort Canning Tunnel Chinese 福康宁隧道 pinyin Fukangning Suidao abbreviated as FCT 1 is a vehicular tunnel in the Central Area of Singapore Fort Canning Tunnel close to completion in November 2006 Fort Canning TunnelBesides the utilisation of relatively new engineering techniques special care was taken to minimise impact on the environment of the surrounding Fort Canning during construction The original contract for the FCT project was awarded to Sato Kogyo for S 25 95 million 2 The FCT was one of four Technical Tours organised by the Land Transport Authority and Association of Consulting Engineers on 29 September 2006 during the World Roads Conference 2006 held in Singapore 1 Contents 1 Description 1 1 Location 1 2 Features 2 Rationale 3 Construction 3 1 Facilitating construction 3 2 Construction method 4 ReferencesDescription edit nbsp A signboard with the FCT s contract informationLocation edit The FCT cuts under Fort Canning Park and an access road Canning Rise 3 4 The entrance to the tunnel is roughly located on the land housing the Old National Library Building 4 5 at the junction of Stamford Road Armenian Street and Queen Street It brings traffic to Penang Road providing direct access to the Orchard area 3 5 The stretch of Stamford Road between Queen Street and Bencoolen Street will also be permanently realigned in front of the National Museum of Singapore after the FCT s construction 3 The bedrock of the area was the so called Fort Canning Boulder Bed a stiff clay with huge embedded boulders 6 Features edit The tunnel is part of a 500 m uni directional three lane new road The FCT itself has a length of 350 m 3 and will include an Electronic Road Pricing ERP gantry to close up the Orchard Road ERP cordon 5 The FCT incorporates electrical cables to ensure continued mobile phone and radio coverage Furthermore ventilation jets were installed in case of traffic congestion or fire 5 The tunnel has no fire exits due to the relatively short distance National Fire Protection Association standards require emergency escapes in tunnels every 300 m 4 closed circuit TV cameras are installed 2 of which are inside the tunnel 7 Rationale editThe FCT project was based on the Urban Redevelopment Authority s plans for the Museum Planning Area 3 Over 3 000 vehicles pass through Stamford Road every hour during peak periods 7 With the old traffic scheme motorists stopped at 2 traffic lights at slow speeds which made the area prone to congestion 5 In view of increased traffic from new developments in Marina Centre and Marina South to the Orchard shopping area 3 4 design plans for the tunnel were drawn up to allow motorists to bypass several traffic junctions 8 The tunnel cuts journey times from 5 minutes to as fast as 18 seconds 7 The construction of the FCT would form a grid pattern resulting in more efficient land use for the adjacent Singapore Management University SMU campus 8 The realignment of Stamford Road would also make the journey to Bras Basah and Little India smoother 4 By cutting through Fort Canning Hill the historical and environmental significance of the area would still be preserved 3 Construction edit nbsp Fort Canning Tunnel under construction in May 2006 nbsp Workers fixing piping at the tunnel entranceConstruction of the FCT started in October 2003 3 and the tunnel was opened on 16 January 2007 5 despite original plans for completion by the end of 2006 4 The cost of the project was originally set at S 25 95 million 2 but this increased to S 34 million 4 and eventually up to S 40 million 5 The tunnel was opened on 16 January 2007 at 6 a m SST 9 Facilitating construction edit To make way for the construction process the old National Library was demolished and moved to its present location along Victoria Street 5 Sections of Canning Rise were closed twice during the course of construction First a stretch of road was closed for 3 months from 1 July 2004 2 After this a different section was closed to facilitate the reinstatement works of the FCT from 25 April 2006 for a period of two months 10 However this second closure was extended to 31 August 11 In addition a section of Stamford Road was temporarily redirected through the SMU campus near Prinsep Street during construction 4 before its final realignment in front of the National Museum 3 Their two bus stops were relocated The diversion of Stamford Road had to put a bus stop near to the school SMU instead of near to National Museum of Singapore This bus stop retains the CBD 1994 style bus stop pole look and the name was renamed from National Library to Singapore History Museum before changing it to SMU In 2002 the bus stop pole was expanded bigger In order not to conflict fast moving traffic the bus stop was moved to another side Dhoby Ghaut MRT Station It also retains the CBD 1994 style bus stop pole look Construction method edit 180 m of the tunnel was constructed using an engineering technique known as the New Austrian Tunnelling method NATM 6 which is similar to mining 5 The construction team used overlapping steel pipe roofs as support with shotcrete lining thick temporary invert 2 layers of mesh lattice girders and a watertight PVC membrane 6 The FCT is the first Singaporean road tunnel to use NATM which has saved at least 22 trees in Fort Canning Park 12 including a 50 year old tree 5 None of the designated Heritage Trees were impacted by the FCT project 2 The remainder of the tunnel was constructed with the cheaper and more traditional cut and cover method 6 A professional arboriculture company Arborculture was employed to assess the risk to flora in the area as well as provide conservation and management strategies 13 References edit a b World Roads Conference 2006 Technical Tours World Roads Conference 2006 Land Transport Authority amp Association of Consulting Engineers Singapore 2005 Archived from the original on 29 September 2007 Retrieved 25 November 2006 a b c d Traffic Diversion on Canning Rise And Closure of Entrance to the Former National Library Building News Releases Land Transport Authority 29 June 2004 Archived from the original on 8 October 2007 Retrieved 25 November 2006 a b c d e f g h i Construction of Fort Canning Tunnel amp Realignment of Stamford Road ONE MOTORING Road Projects Land Transport Authority Archived from the original on 18 November 2006 Retrieved 25 November 2006 a b c d e f g Lin Yanqin 30 March 2006 Cutting through the hill to Orchard TODAYonline MediaCorp Press Archived from the original on 30 May 2006 Retrieved 25 November 2006 a b c d e f g h i j 40m Fort Canning Tunnel to open in January Yahoo Asia News Channel NewsAsia 22 November 2006 Archived from the original on 6 March 2007 Retrieved 25 November 2006 a b c d Singapore Fort Canning Tunnel Consulting Engineers Laabmayr amp Partner ZT GmbH 2005 Archived from the original on 1 March 2007 Retrieved 25 November 2006 a b c Leong Wee Keat 22 November 2006 Faster trip from town PDF Retrieved 23 January 2007 a b Expenditure Overview Ministry of Transport Singapore Budget 2004 Ministry of Finance 10 March 2004 Archived from the original on 2 October 2006 Retrieved 25 November 2006 Noor Mohd Aziz 15 January 2007 Changes to bus lane operating hours from April Channel NewsAsia Retrieved 23 January 2007 Temporary Closure of Canning Rise News Releases Land Transport Authority 21 April 2006 Archived from the original on 8 October 2007 Retrieved 25 November 2006 Re Opening of Canning Rise News Releases Land Transport Authority 23 August 2006 Archived from the original on 8 October 2007 Retrieved 25 November 2006 Environmental Initiatives Preserving Our Trees Land Transport Authority 17 March 2005 Archived from the original on 16 December 2006 Retrieved 25 November 2006 Arborculture Portfolio Arborculture Archived from the original on 8 December 2006 Retrieved 25 November 2006 nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Fort Canning Tunnel 1 17 51 N 103 50 47 E 1 29750 N 103 84639 E 1 29750 103 84639 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Fort Canning Tunnel amp oldid 1120369344, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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