A Fizz-Keeper is a type of closure that is marketed as a way to keep carbonation in soft drinks. It consists of a small round hand pump that is screwed onto the top of a plastic soft drink bottle, which is then used to pump air into the bottle, preventing the drink from going flat.[1][2][3][4]
Research into the Fizz-Keeper's mechanisms and processes has shown that the Fizz-Keeper, let alone pressurizing a soda bottle, does not actually prevent loss of carbonation, with its marketed claims being dismissed as pseudoscience.[1][2]
The first Fizz-Keeper-like device was patented in 1926 by G. Staunton. T.R. Robinson and M.B. Beyer patented the Fizz-Keeper itself in 1988, without claiming in the patent that the device maintained a soft drink's carbonation.[2]
Several styles of device exist, from the plain piston pump to devices incorporating a bulb and a latch and hinge device to allow liquid to be poured out of a spout without removing the Fizz-Keeper from the bottle.[2]
Researchedit
The kinetics of the loss of "fizz" (CO2) after pouring out part of the liquid and resealing the bottle is somewhat complicated, but the computation of the final equilibrium concentration of CO2 in the liquid and the gas phase can be done (with or without pumping air into the bottle) using Dalton's law (a consequence of ideal gas theory). This shows[1][2][3][4] that the equilibrium CO2 concentrations are independent of the air pressure -- the device does not prevent loss of CO2 from the liquid. This conclusion does not require knowledge of Dalton's law; it can be seen directly from the fundamental assumption of ideal gas theory, that molecules in the gas phase do not interact with one another. This principle implies that the behavior of the CO2 is completely independent of the behavior of the air (nitrogen and oxygen), or of how much air is present: pumping air into the bottle has no effect whatsoever on the CO2. There is more evidence of this in Henry's Law, which shows that partial pressure in the container must be not only restored, but with the same gas. The liquid is far more easily infused under pressure, but once the liquid is exposed to atmospheric pressure, it immediately begins to out-gas. Studies of the kinetics,[2][3][4] however, do report that pumping in air pressure slows down the rate at which dissolved CO2 comes out of solution. Apparently the application of the Fizz-Keeper with pressurized air can extend this process for a short time, but not for days.[2][4] Rohrig reports that this can be confirmed by experimentation.[3]
Referencesedit
^ abcJoseph A. Schwarcz (2004). "How does a Fizz Keeper keep the fizz in soft drinks?". Dr. Joe & What You Didn't Know. ECW Press. p. 24. ISBN9781550225778.
^ abcdefgJohn P. Williams; Sandy Van Natta; Rebecca Knipp (October 2005). "The Fizz-Keeper: A Useful Science Tool" (PDF). Journal of Chemical Education. 82 (10): 1454–1456. Bibcode:2005JChEd..82.1454W. doi:10.1021/ed082p1454.
^ abcdBrian Rohrig (February 2002). (PDF). ChemMatters: 11–13. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-03-06. Retrieved 2009-05-16.
^ abcdReed A. Howald (Feb 1999). "The Fizz Keeper, a Case Study in Chemical Education, Equilibrium, and Kinetics". Journal of Chemical Education. 76 (2): 208–209. Bibcode:1999JChEd..76..208H. doi:10.1021/ed076p208.
Further readingedit
Marketing literature and patentsedit
Sackheads (2002-11-28). . fizzkeeper.org. Archived from the original on 2008-11-20. Retrieved 2009-05-16.
US patent 4,723,670, Tommy R. Robinson and Michael B. Beyer, "Pump closure for carbonated beverage container", issued 1988-02-09
US patent 4,524,877, Willard A. Saxby and Robert D. Pikula, "Pressurizing and closure apparatus for carbonated beverage containers", issued 1985-06-25
Educational usesedit
Brian Rohrig (1999). 39 Fantastic Experiments with the Fizz-Keeper. Tallmadge, OH: Creative Chemistry Concepts.
Mark Talmage Graham (March 2002). "Investigating gases' masses in impecunious classes". The Physics Teacher. 40 (3): 144–147. Bibcode:2002PhTea..40..144T. doi:10.1119/1.1466546.
M. Moloney (2000-06-16). "THE GAS MENAGERIE".
Steve Spangler. "Marshmallow Masher".
John P. Williams; Sandy Van Natta; Rebecca Knipp (October 2005). "The Fizz-Keeper: A Useful Science Tool" (PDF). Journal of Chemical Education. 82 (10): 1454–1456. Bibcode:2005JChEd..82.1454W. doi:10.1021/ed082p1454.
April 09, 2024
fizz, keeper, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, july, 2021, l. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Fizz Keeper news newspapers books scholar JSTOR July 2021 Learn how and when to remove this template message A Fizz Keeper is a type of closure that is marketed as a way to keep carbonation in soft drinks It consists of a small round hand pump that is screwed onto the top of a plastic soft drink bottle which is then used to pump air into the bottle preventing the drink from going flat 1 2 3 4 A Fizz Keeper on a Pepsi bottleResearch into the Fizz Keeper s mechanisms and processes has shown that the Fizz Keeper let alone pressurizing a soda bottle does not actually prevent loss of carbonation with its marketed claims being dismissed as pseudoscience 1 2 Contents 1 Description 2 Research 3 References 4 Further reading 4 1 Marketing literature and patents 4 2 Educational usesDescription editThe first Fizz Keeper like device was patented in 1926 by G Staunton T R Robinson and M B Beyer patented the Fizz Keeper itself in 1988 without claiming in the patent that the device maintained a soft drink s carbonation 2 Several styles of device exist from the plain piston pump to devices incorporating a bulb and a latch and hinge device to allow liquid to be poured out of a spout without removing the Fizz Keeper from the bottle 2 Research editThe kinetics of the loss of fizz CO2 after pouring out part of the liquid and resealing the bottle is somewhat complicated but the computation of the final equilibrium concentration of CO2 in the liquid and the gas phase can be done with or without pumping air into the bottle using Dalton s law a consequence of ideal gas theory This shows 1 2 3 4 that the equilibrium CO2 concentrations are independent of the air pressure the device does not prevent loss of CO2 from the liquid This conclusion does not require knowledge of Dalton s law it can be seen directly from the fundamental assumption of ideal gas theory that molecules in the gas phase do not interact with one another This principle implies that the behavior of the CO2 is completely independent of the behavior of the air nitrogen and oxygen or of how much air is present pumping air into the bottle has no effect whatsoever on the CO2 There is more evidence of this in Henry s Law which shows that partial pressure in the container must be not only restored but with the same gas The liquid is far more easily infused under pressure but once the liquid is exposed to atmospheric pressure it immediately begins to out gas Studies of the kinetics 2 3 4 however do report that pumping in air pressure slows down the rate at which dissolved CO2 comes out of solution Apparently the application of the Fizz Keeper with pressurized air can extend this process for a short time but not for days 2 4 Rohrig reports that this can be confirmed by experimentation 3 References edit a b c Joseph A Schwarcz 2004 How does a Fizz Keeper keep the fizz in soft drinks Dr Joe amp What You Didn t Know ECW Press p 24 ISBN 9781550225778 a b c d e f g John P Williams Sandy Van Natta Rebecca Knipp October 2005 The Fizz Keeper A Useful Science Tool PDF Journal of Chemical Education 82 10 1454 1456 Bibcode 2005JChEd 82 1454W doi 10 1021 ed082p1454 a b c d Brian Rohrig February 2002 The Fizz Keeper Does It Really Keep the Fizz PDF ChemMatters 11 13 Archived from the original PDF on 2012 03 06 Retrieved 2009 05 16 a b c d Reed A Howald Feb 1999 The Fizz Keeper a Case Study in Chemical Education Equilibrium and Kinetics Journal of Chemical Education 76 2 208 209 Bibcode 1999JChEd 76 208H doi 10 1021 ed076p208 Further reading editMarketing literature and patents edit Sackheads 2002 11 28 Frequently Asked Questions fizzkeeper org Archived from the original on 2008 11 20 Retrieved 2009 05 16 US patent 4 723 670 Tommy R Robinson and Michael B Beyer Pump closure for carbonated beverage container issued 1988 02 09 US patent 4 524 877 Willard A Saxby and Robert D Pikula Pressurizing and closure apparatus for carbonated beverage containers issued 1985 06 25 Educational uses edit Brian Rohrig 1999 39 Fantastic Experiments with the Fizz Keeper Tallmadge OH Creative Chemistry Concepts Mark Talmage Graham March 2002 Investigating gases masses in impecunious classes The Physics Teacher 40 3 144 147 Bibcode 2002PhTea 40 144T doi 10 1119 1 1466546 M Moloney 2000 06 16 THE GAS MENAGERIE Steve Spangler Marshmallow Masher John P Williams Sandy Van Natta Rebecca Knipp October 2005 The Fizz Keeper A Useful Science Tool PDF Journal of Chemical Education 82 10 1454 1456 Bibcode 2005JChEd 82 1454W doi 10 1021 ed082p1454 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Fizz Keeper amp oldid 1146010479, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
