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Five-pin billiards

Five-pin billiards or simply five-pins or 5-pins (Italian: [biliardo dei] cinque birilli;[1] Spanish: [billar de] cinco quillas), is today usually a carom billiards form of cue sport, though sometimes still played on a pocket table. In addition to the customary three balls of most carom games, it makes use of a set of five upright pins (skittles) arranged in a "+" pattern at the center of the table. The game is popular especially in Italy (where it originated) and Argentina, but also in some other parts of Latin America and Europe, with international, televised professional tournaments (for the carom version only). It is sometimes referred to as Italian five-pins or Italian billiards (Italian: biliardo all'italiana),[2] or as italiana (in Italian and Spanish). A variant of the game, goriziana or nine-pins, adds additional skittles to the formation. A related pocket game, with larger pins, is played in Scandinavia and is referred to in English as Danish pin billiards, with a Swedish variant that has some rules more similar to the Italian game.

Five-pins game at the European Carom Billiards Championships 2015.

History

Until the late 1980s, the game (with some rules differences) was a form of pocket billiards, known in English as Italian skittle pool,[3] and was principally played in pubs, with an object ball that was smaller than the two cue balls.[2] Professional and regulated amateur play today exclusively uses pocketless tables and equal-sized balls. Professional competition began in 1965,[1] and play is centered in billiard parlors, with players competing in provincial, regional, and national federations.[2] The pocket version is still favored by some in amateur play.

Equipment and setup

 
Five-pins table, showing the location of the pins.

The regulation game is played on a normal 5 by 10 ft (1.5 by 3.0 m) pocketless carom billiards table,[4] with standardized playing surface dimensions of 1.42 by 2.84 m (approximately 4-2/3 by 9-1/3 ft), plus/minus 5 mm (approx. 0.2 in), from cushion to cushion.[5] The slate bed of the table must be heated to about 5 degrees C (9 degrees F) above room temperature, which helps to keep moisture out of the cloth to aid the balls rolling and rebounding in a consistent manner, and generally makes the table play "faster".[3][6] In informal play, an unheated table is often used.

Like most other carom games, five-pins requires three standard carom billiard balls of equal diameter: a cue ball for the first player, typically plain white, another cue ball for the second player, historically white with a spot but now typically yellow, and a red object ball,.[7][2] The balls are 61.5 millimetres (2.42 in) in diameter and weigh between 205 and 220 g (7.2 and 7.8 oz); 7.5 oz is average).[7][8] The white cue ball is given to the starting player, who may place it anywhere on the head side of the table (without disturbing the pins)—i.e., anywhere unobstructed between the head rail and the center string. The red object ball is placed at the foot spot (i.e., the intersection of the foot string and the long string. The yellow (or spotted white) cue ball of the opponent is placed on the long string, in a position that can be labelled the "foot rail spot", 10 cm (approx. 4 in) from the foot rail.[9][10]

As the name implies, the game makes use of five upright pins called skittles in English (so-called since at least 1634),[3] birilli (singular birillo) in Italian and quillas in Spanish, which look like miniature bowling pins, 25 mm (0.98 in) tall, and with 7 mm (0.28 in) round, flat-bottomed bases.[8] There are traditionally four white pins, and one red.[2] The red pin is placed on the center spot (the exact middle of the table both lengthwise and widthwise), and the four white pins are placed equidistant from the red in a square diamond pattern around it. Two whites are aligned along the center string with the head and foot spots, as well as the rail diamonds in the center of the head and foot rails, and with the red object ball, and red pin. Meanwhile, the other two whites are placed on the center string, aligned with the diamonds in the center of the long rails, and again with the red pin. The whites are spaced just far enough away from the red that a cue ball can pass between the pins without touching any of them.[citation needed] The final pattern looks like a plus sign. This arrangement of pins on the table is referred to as the "castle". Tables have the precise castle positions for the pins, and for the starting positions of the balls, permanently marked, as they must be placed back into position before every shot if any have been knocked over or moved.[11]

Each player uses a cue stick to shoot the appropriate cue ball; average cue length is 140 cm (about 55 in.)[2] A bridge stick (rest) may be used to reach long shots.[12]

Rules

Though there are variants in Central and South America, the Italian five-pins rules are the best codified. Because the Italian-rules championships organized by the Italian Federation of Billiard Sport (FIBiS) are international, televised events, and often hosted outside of Italy, the FIBiS rules are the global de facto standard,[2] and have been incorporated into the rules promulgated by the Union Mondiale de Billard.

Object

The goal of the game is to earn a required number of points, before one's opponent does, by using one's cue ball to cause the opponent's cue ball to knock over pins (and to not do so with one's own cue ball), and by contacting the red object ball with either cue ball, after one's own cue ball has contacted that of the opponent, and/or by causing the object ball to knock over pins, again after one's own cue ball has contacted that of the opponent.[13]

Play

The game is played by two players or by two teams (a pair of doubles partners most commonly, but also larger teams). Determining who goes first can be done by any means (lag usually, but also coin toss, tournament stipulations about player order, etc.). Each player or team is assigned one of the two cue balls; this is the only cue ball they may hit with the cue stick. The first player or team always uses the (plain) white cue ball, the opponent the other ball. Unlike in many games, shots are always taken in rotation – the same player or team never shoots twice in a row even if they have scored (other than if the opponent fouled before actually shooting when their turn came up, such as by moving one of the balls accidentally). Play continues until one player or team wins by being the first to achieve or exceed a specific number of points (usually 50 or 60), either agreed upon beforehand by the players, or set by tournament organizers.[2][13] In informal play, the number is often lower, such as 25.

In order to score, the incoming player or team must stroke the assigned cue ball (sometimes called the battente or "clapper") to carom off the opponent's cue ball (sometimes called the "receiver") — either directly or off a cushion — with the goal of secondarily having the opponent's cue ball, directly or by way of rebounding off a cushion, next hit the pins and/or the red object ball (sometimes called the pallino ("bullet") or "jack", terms common to several other games, such as bocce).[2]

Unlike in the major carom game three-cushion billiards, there is no requirement to hit one or more cushions at any time.[2]

Scoring

Knocking over pins, by any of the acceptable prescribed manners, earns cumulative points as follows:[2][14]

  • Each white pin is worth two points.
  • The red pin is worth four points, if white pins were also knocked over.
  • The red pin is worth 10 points, if it is the only pin knocked down (by the ball going between the set of pins and narrowly missing all of the whites). Until 2013, this feat was worth eight points.[15]
  • Knocking over pins with the object ball without hitting the opponent's cue ball first, or with one's own cue ball, does not earn the shooter any points, and in the latter case is a foul that awards points to the opponent.

The acceptable means of knocking over pins include any that result from hitting the opponent's object ball first with one's own, and not hitting the pins with one's own cue ball. For example, one can simply send the opponent's cue ball into the pins, send the opponent's cue ball into the red object ball and have the object ball hit the pins, or hit the opponent's cue ball and then the object ball with one's own cue ball and send the object ball into the pins.[16][17]

The object ball itself is also worth points:[2][16][18]

  • If struck by the opponent's cue ball (after the shooter strikes the opponent's cue ball with his/her own), it is worth 3 points (this is known as a casin or in broader terminology a combination shot).
  • If struck by the shooter's cue ball (after the shooter strikes the opponent's cue ball with his/her own), it is worth 4 points (this is considered a true billiard/carom or carambola in this game's nomenclature).
  • If both a casin and a carambola are achieved in the same shot, only the earliest of the two to occur earns points; they are not combined, though either may still combine with points scored from pins.[18]

Fouls

The game has some fouls unique to its ruleset, as well as the usual fouls of billiards games. All fouls nullify any points the shooter would have earned on the foul shot, and award the opponent free points (which vary depending on the type of foul).[2][17]

  • Knocking over pins with the shooter's own cue ball, after having hit the opponent's cue ball—this foul awards the point values of those pins to the opponent. (In player jargon this is referred to as "drinking" one's points, as they are lost like the contents of an empty glass); opponent does not receive ball-in-hand. (Note: Knocking over pins with the red object ball on an otherwise legal shot is not a foul, and has no effect on the score[clarification needed] (i.e., provided that the opponent's cue ball was struck first by one's own cue ball, either cue ball can be used to drive the object ball into the pins, provided that both cue balls make initial contact with each other.[16])
  • Failure to hit the opponent's cue ball at all with the shooter's own—opponent receives ball-in-hand plus 2 points.
  • Hitting the pins directly with the shooter's cue ball before any contact with the opponent's cue ball; opponent receives ball-in-hand plus 2 points (the erstwhile value of the knocked-over pins is not calculated at all).[clarification needed]
  • Hitting the object ball directly with the shooter's cue ball before any contact with the opponent's cue ball; opponent receives ball-in-hand plus 2 points.
  • Knocking any ball off the table; opponent receives ball-in-hand plus 2 points (the ball is spotted in its starting position, or as close to this position as possible, unless it was the now-incoming opponent's cue ball, which as noted is in-hand).
  • Jumping the cue ball entirely or partially over an interfering ball; opponent receives ball-in-hand plus 2 points.[citation needed]
  • Standard billiards-wide fouls also apply and yield ball-in-hand plus 2 points (moving balls accidentally, double-hitting the cue ball, push shots, etc.

Because of the particularity of the first-listed foul above, players watch the game carefully, and tournaments have referees. Any points earned by the shooter on a foul shot are awarded to the opponent (except when, as noted above, pin value is not calculated). An extra 2 points go to the opponent if the object ball was correctly hit on an otherwise foul stroke (in addition to being awarded the 3 or 4 points the object ball was worth).[citation needed] Ball-in-hand on fouls is not entirely free; the incoming shooter after a ball-in-hand foul can only place his/her cue ball on the opposite half of the table from the other cue ball, and must shoot from the end (short part) not side of the table.[2] The cue ball does not have to be placed in the kitchen (behind the head string), just within the proper half of the table.[citation needed]

Strategy

 
A fairly easy three-rail bank shot on the castle.
 
A challenging two-rail kick shot at the castle.
 
A daring massé shot on the castle, from a snookered position. A kick shot would be a higher-probability shot selection for most players.

Five-pins integrates some of the target-shooting aspects of pool, snooker, etc. (perhaps via the influence of English billiards) into carom billiards, which is otherwise oriented at scoring carom points.

Safety play and cue ball control are essential when attempting to score, with the goal of leaving the balls in such a position that the incoming opponent is hooked (snookered) and will have a difficult bank, kick, or massé shot to perform.

Because kicks and banks are so common, players must be more skilled at these shots than they would need to be for most other cue sports. The game also requires a good understanding of carom angles and the effects of "English" (sidespin) on the cue ball.

World Championship 5 Pins National Teams

Organized by the Union Mondiale de Billard (UMB), and inaugurated in 2019, the World Championship 5 Pins National Teams is an international event. Italy won the first edition for national teams of 5 pins in Lugano (Switzerland).

World 5 Pins National Teams Champions

Year Gold Silver Bronze
2019   Italy (ITA)   Uruguay (URU)   Argentina (ARG)
  Germany (GER)

World Five-pins Championship

Inaugurated in 1965, the World Five-pins Championship (Campionato del Mondo "5 Birilli") is an international event, hosted to date in various places in Italy, Argentina, Switzerland and Spain. It is semi-annual; many years since its inception have not featured such a tournament. As of early 2008, there have been twenty such tournaments. There are various divisions, including youth, women, men, teams, and a one-on-one open championship.[1]

World Open Champions

Note: In several years, events were not held.
Date Location Winner Nationality
1965 Santa Fe, Argentina Manuel Gómez   Argentina
1968 Bell Ville, Argentina Anselmo Berrondo   Uruguay
1975 Campione d'Italia, Italy Domenico Acanfora   Italy
1978 Bell Ville, Argentina Ricardo Fantasia   Argentina
1979 Pesaro, Italy Attilio Sessa   Italy
1980 Necochea, Argentina Néstor Gómez   Argentina
1982 Loano, Italy Néstor Gómez   Argentina
1983 Marcos Juárez, Argentina Miguel Ángel Borrelli   Argentina
1985 Spoleto, Italy Giampiero Rosanna   Italy
1987 Milan, Italy Carlo Cifalà   Italy
1989 Chiasso, Switzerland Gustavo Torregiani   Argentina
1990 Brescia, Italy Gustavo Torregiani   Argentina
1992 Arezzo, Italy Giampiero Rosanna   Italy
1993 Bolivar, Argentina Fabio Cavazzana   Italy
1995 Fiuggi, Italy Gustavo Zito   Italy
1998 Ferrara, Italy David Martinelli   Italy
1999 Necochea, Argentina Gustavo Zito   Italy
2003 Legnano, Italy Crocefisso Maggio   Italy
2006 Seville, Spain Michelangelo Aniello   Italy
2008 Sarteano di Siena, Italy Andrea Quarta   Italy
2009 Villa María, Argentina Gustavo Torregiani   Argentina
2015 Milan, Italy Matteo Gualemi   Italy
2017 Necochea, Argentina Alejandro Martinotti   Argentina
2019 Pistoia, Italy[19] Ciro Davide Rizzo   Italy
2022 Calangianus[20] Andrea Quarta   Italy

Five-pins Pro World Cup

Organized by Italian Federation of Billiard Sport (FIBiS), the Five-pins Pro World Cup (World Cup Pro "5 Birilli"), was a semi-annual event begun in 1993, and discontinued after 1997. In only one year (1993) were both the Pro World Cup and the World Championships held. The event was a one-on-one invitational championship, without other divisions.[1]

Pro World Cup Champions

Note: In 1995, the event was not held.
Date Location Winner Nationality
1993 Cannes, France Salvatore Mannone   Italy
1994 Saint-Vincent, Italy Gustavo Adrian Zito   Argentina[21][Note 1]
1996 Saint-Vincent, Italy David Martinelli   Italy
1997 Todi, Italy Gustavo Adrian Zito   Italy

Nine-pin variant (goriziana)

A professionally competitive version known as goriziana (or nine-pins, 9-pins, nine-pin billiards, etc.) adds four additional outer pins to the "+" pattern, and has a more complicated scoring system. Goriziana itself also has multiple amateur rules variants.

In popular culture

Five-pins is a major plot point of the Italian-produced, English-language drama/romance film Bye Bye Baby, which stars Brigitte Nielsen as a professional player. The movie does not focus on five-pins, but does demonstrate many aspects of the game clearly in a few sequences.

See also

Notes

  1. ^ The published FIBiS records list Zito as representing Argentina in this particular instance. He started representing Italy in 1995.

References

  1. ^ a b c d Sezione Stecca: Organigramma della Sezione - Attività agonistica - Calendari - Regolamento Tecnico Sportivo, 2004–2005 2007-06-28 at the Wayback Machine (in Italian), Federazione Italiana Biliardo Sportivo, 2004, Italy.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Biliardo all'italiana manual at Wikibooks, accessed February 1, 2007. (in Italian)
  3. ^ a b c Shamos (1993), pp. 124, 215
  4. ^ Anonymous (1997), Chapter II ("Equipment"), Article 11 ("Article 11 - Billiard [table], cushion, cloth"), Section 3
  5. ^ Anonymous (1997), Chapter II ("Equipment"), Article 11 ("Article 11 - Billiard [table], cushion, cloth"), Section 4
  6. ^ Anonymous (1997), Chapter II ("Equipment"), Article 11 ("Article 11 - Billiard [table], cushion, cloth"), Section 9
  7. ^ a b Anonymous (1997), Chapter II ("Equipment"), Article 12 ("Balls, Chalk"), Section 2
  8. ^ a b Anonymous (1997), Chapter II ("Equipment"), Article 12 ("Balls, Pins, Chalk"), Section 1
  9. ^ Anonymous (1997), Article 25 ("Starting position, cue-ball"), Section 1
  10. ^ "Regolamento di Gioco Specialità' '5 Birilli' - '9 Birilli Goriziana e Tutti Doppi'" 2011-07-22 at the Wayback Machine (in Italian), Federazione Italiana Biliardo Sportivo, October 2003, Italy. An HTML version (in Italian) is also available, from a FIBiS affiliate.
  11. ^ Anonymous (1997), Chapter II ("Equipment"), Article 13 ("Marking of the spots and position lines")
  12. ^ Anonymous (1997), Chapter II ("Equipment"), Article 14 ("Billiard cue, rake"), Section 2
  13. ^ a b Anonymous (1997), Chapter III ("Goal of the Game, the Match"), Article 21 ("Goal of the game"), Section 2
  14. ^ Anonymous (1997), Chapter III ("Goal of the Game, the Match"), Article 22 ("Allocation of the points"), Section 1
  15. ^ FIBiS: Regolamento gioco 5 birilli goriziana operativo dal 1 settembre 2013 (in Italian)
  16. ^ a b c Anonymous (1997), Chapter III ("Goal of the Game, the Match"), Article 21 ("Goal of the game"), Section 4
  17. ^ a b Anonymous (1997), Chapter III ("Goal of the Game, the Match"), Article 21 ("Goal of the game"), Section 6
  18. ^ a b Anonymous (1997), Chapter III ("Goal of the Game, the Match"), Article 22 ("Allocation of the points"), Section 2
  19. ^ "2019 World Championships results". Union Mondiale de Billard. Retrieved 23 September 2022.
  20. ^ "Andrea Quarta is the new world champion". Union Mondiale de Billard. Retrieved 26 September 2022.
  21. ^ Sezione Stecca 2007-06-28 at the Wayback Machine (in Italian), op. cit.

Bibliography

External links

five, billiards, this, article, about, originally, italian, internationally, standardized, billiard, game, danish, five, game, danish, billiards, five, pins, redirects, here, other, uses, five, pins, disambiguation, simply, five, pins, pins, italian, biliardo,. This article is about the originally Italian and now internationally standardized billiard game For the Danish five pin game see Danish pin billiards Five pins redirects here For other uses see Five pins disambiguation Five pin billiards or simply five pins or 5 pins Italian biliardo dei cinque birilli 1 Spanish billar de cinco quillas is today usually a carom billiards form of cue sport though sometimes still played on a pocket table In addition to the customary three balls of most carom games it makes use of a set of five upright pins skittles arranged in a pattern at the center of the table The game is popular especially in Italy where it originated and Argentina but also in some other parts of Latin America and Europe with international televised professional tournaments for the carom version only It is sometimes referred to as Italian five pins or Italian billiards Italian biliardo all italiana 2 or as italiana in Italian and Spanish A variant of the game goriziana or nine pins adds additional skittles to the formation A related pocket game with larger pins is played in Scandinavia and is referred to in English as Danish pin billiards with a Swedish variant that has some rules more similar to the Italian game Five pins game at the European Carom Billiards Championships 2015 Contents 1 History 2 Equipment and setup 3 Rules 3 1 Object 3 2 Play 3 3 Scoring 3 4 Fouls 4 Strategy 5 World Championship 5 Pins National Teams 5 1 World 5 Pins National Teams Champions 6 World Five pins Championship 6 1 World Open Champions 7 Five pins Pro World Cup 7 1 Pro World Cup Champions 8 Nine pin variant goriziana 9 In popular culture 10 See also 11 Notes 12 References 12 1 Bibliography 13 External linksHistory EditUntil the late 1980s the game with some rules differences was a form of pocket billiards known in English as Italian skittle pool 3 and was principally played in pubs with an object ball that was smaller than the two cue balls 2 Professional and regulated amateur play today exclusively uses pocketless tables and equal sized balls Professional competition began in 1965 1 and play is centered in billiard parlors with players competing in provincial regional and national federations 2 The pocket version is still favored by some in amateur play Equipment and setup Edit Five pins table showing the location of the pins The regulation game is played on a normal 5 by 10 ft 1 5 by 3 0 m pocketless carom billiards table 4 with standardized playing surface dimensions of 1 42 by 2 84 m approximately 4 2 3 by 9 1 3 ft plus minus 5 mm approx 0 2 in from cushion to cushion 5 The slate bed of the table must be heated to about 5 degrees C 9 degrees F above room temperature which helps to keep moisture out of the cloth to aid the balls rolling and rebounding in a consistent manner and generally makes the table play faster 3 6 In informal play an unheated table is often used Like most other carom games five pins requires three standard carom billiard balls of equal diameter a cue ball for the first player typically plain white another cue ball for the second player historically white with a spot but now typically yellow and a red object ball 7 2 The balls are 61 5 millimetres 2 42 in in diameter and weigh between 205 and 220 g 7 2 and 7 8 oz 7 5 oz is average 7 8 The white cue ball is given to the starting player who may place it anywhere on the head side of the table without disturbing the pins i e anywhere unobstructed between the head rail and the center string The red object ball is placed at the foot spot i e the intersection of the foot string and the long string The yellow or spotted white cue ball of the opponent is placed on the long string in a position that can be labelled the foot rail spot 10 cm approx 4 in from the foot rail 9 10 As the name implies the game makes use of five upright pins called skittles in English so called since at least 1634 3 birilli singular birillo in Italian and quillas in Spanish which look like miniature bowling pins 25 mm 0 98 in tall and with 7 mm 0 28 in round flat bottomed bases 8 There are traditionally four white pins and one red 2 The red pin is placed on the center spot the exact middle of the table both lengthwise and widthwise and the four white pins are placed equidistant from the red in a square diamond pattern around it Two whites are aligned along the center string with the head and foot spots as well as the rail diamonds in the center of the head and foot rails and with the red object ball and red pin Meanwhile the other two whites are placed on the center string aligned with the diamonds in the center of the long rails and again with the red pin The whites are spaced just far enough away from the red that a cue ball can pass between the pins without touching any of them citation needed The final pattern looks like a plus sign This arrangement of pins on the table is referred to as the castle Tables have the precise castle positions for the pins and for the starting positions of the balls permanently marked as they must be placed back into position before every shot if any have been knocked over or moved 11 Each player uses a cue stick to shoot the appropriate cue ball average cue length is 140 cm about 55 in 2 A bridge stick rest may be used to reach long shots 12 Rules EditThough there are variants in Central and South America the Italian five pins rules are the best codified Because the Italian rules championships organized by the Italian Federation of Billiard Sport FIBiS are international televised events and often hosted outside of Italy the FIBiS rules are the global de facto standard 2 and have been incorporated into the rules promulgated by the Union Mondiale de Billard Object Edit The goal of the game is to earn a required number of points before one s opponent does by using one s cue ball to cause the opponent s cue ball to knock over pins and to not do so with one s own cue ball and by contacting the red object ball with either cue ball after one s own cue ball has contacted that of the opponent and or by causing the object ball to knock over pins again after one s own cue ball has contacted that of the opponent 13 Play Edit The game is played by two players or by two teams a pair of doubles partners most commonly but also larger teams Determining who goes first can be done by any means lag usually but also coin toss tournament stipulations about player order etc Each player or team is assigned one of the two cue balls this is the only cue ball they may hit with the cue stick The first player or team always uses the plain white cue ball the opponent the other ball Unlike in many games shots are always taken in rotation the same player or team never shoots twice in a row even if they have scored other than if the opponent fouled before actually shooting when their turn came up such as by moving one of the balls accidentally Play continues until one player or team wins by being the first to achieve or exceed a specific number of points usually 50 or 60 either agreed upon beforehand by the players or set by tournament organizers 2 13 In informal play the number is often lower such as 25 In order to score the incoming player or team must stroke the assigned cue ball sometimes called the battente or clapper to carom off the opponent s cue ball sometimes called the receiver either directly or off a cushion with the goal of secondarily having the opponent s cue ball directly or by way of rebounding off a cushion next hit the pins and or the red object ball sometimes called the pallino bullet or jack terms common to several other games such as bocce 2 Unlike in the major carom game three cushion billiards there is no requirement to hit one or more cushions at any time 2 Scoring Edit Knocking over pins by any of the acceptable prescribed manners earns cumulative points as follows 2 14 Each white pin is worth two points The red pin is worth four points if white pins were also knocked over The red pin is worth 10 points if it is the only pin knocked down by the ball going between the set of pins and narrowly missing all of the whites Until 2013 this feat was worth eight points 15 Knocking over pins with the object ball without hitting the opponent s cue ball first or with one s own cue ball does not earn the shooter any points and in the latter case is a foul that awards points to the opponent The acceptable means of knocking over pins include any that result from hitting the opponent s object ball first with one s own and not hitting the pins with one s own cue ball For example one can simply send the opponent s cue ball into the pins send the opponent s cue ball into the red object ball and have the object ball hit the pins or hit the opponent s cue ball and then the object ball with one s own cue ball and send the object ball into the pins 16 17 The object ball itself is also worth points 2 16 18 If struck by the opponent s cue ball after the shooter strikes the opponent s cue ball with his her own it is worth 3 points this is known as a casin or in broader terminology a combination shot If struck by the shooter s cue ball after the shooter strikes the opponent s cue ball with his her own it is worth 4 points this is considered a true billiard carom or carambola in this game s nomenclature If both a casin and a carambola are achieved in the same shot only the earliest of the two to occur earns points they are not combined though either may still combine with points scored from pins 18 Fouls Edit The game has some fouls unique to its ruleset as well as the usual fouls of billiards games All fouls nullify any points the shooter would have earned on the foul shot and award the opponent free points which vary depending on the type of foul 2 17 Knocking over pins with the shooter s own cue ball after having hit the opponent s cue ball this foul awards the point values of those pins to the opponent In player jargon this is referred to as drinking one s points as they are lost like the contents of an empty glass opponent does not receive ball in hand Note Knocking over pins with the red object ball on an otherwise legal shot is not a foul and has no effect on the score clarification needed i e provided that the opponent s cue ball was struck first by one s own cue ball either cue ball can be used to drive the object ball into the pins provided that both cue balls make initial contact with each other 16 Failure to hit the opponent s cue ball at all with the shooter s own opponent receives ball in hand plus 2 points Hitting the pins directly with the shooter s cue ball before any contact with the opponent s cue ball opponent receives ball in hand plus 2 points the erstwhile value of the knocked over pins is not calculated at all clarification needed Hitting the object ball directly with the shooter s cue ball before any contact with the opponent s cue ball opponent receives ball in hand plus 2 points Knocking any ball off the table opponent receives ball in hand plus 2 points the ball is spotted in its starting position or as close to this position as possible unless it was the now incoming opponent s cue ball which as noted is in hand Jumping the cue ball entirely or partially over an interfering ball opponent receives ball in hand plus 2 points citation needed Standard billiards wide fouls also apply and yield ball in hand plus 2 points moving balls accidentally double hitting the cue ball push shots etc Because of the particularity of the first listed foul above players watch the game carefully and tournaments have referees Any points earned by the shooter on a foul shot are awarded to the opponent except when as noted above pin value is not calculated An extra 2 points go to the opponent if the object ball was correctly hit on an otherwise foul stroke in addition to being awarded the 3 or 4 points the object ball was worth citation needed Ball in hand on fouls is not entirely free the incoming shooter after a ball in hand foul can only place his her cue ball on the opposite half of the table from the other cue ball and must shoot from the end short part not side of the table 2 The cue ball does not have to be placed in the kitchen behind the head string just within the proper half of the table citation needed Strategy Edit A fairly easy three rail bank shot on the castle A challenging two rail kick shot at the castle A daring masse shot on the castle from a snookered position A kick shot would be a higher probability shot selection for most players Five pins integrates some of the target shooting aspects of pool snooker etc perhaps via the influence of English billiards into carom billiards which is otherwise oriented at scoring carom points Safety play and cue ball control are essential when attempting to score with the goal of leaving the balls in such a position that the incoming opponent is hooked snookered and will have a difficult bank kick or masse shot to perform Because kicks and banks are so common players must be more skilled at these shots than they would need to be for most other cue sports The game also requires a good understanding of carom angles and the effects of English sidespin on the cue ball World Championship 5 Pins National Teams EditOrganized by the Union Mondiale de Billard UMB and inaugurated in 2019 the World Championship 5 Pins National Teams is an international event Italy won the first edition for national teams of 5 pins in Lugano Switzerland World 5 Pins National Teams Champions Edit Year Gold Silver Bronze2019 Italy ITA Uruguay URU Argentina ARG Germany GER World Five pins Championship EditInaugurated in 1965 the World Five pins Championship Campionato del Mondo 5 Birilli is an international event hosted to date in various places in Italy Argentina Switzerland and Spain It is semi annual many years since its inception have not featured such a tournament As of early 2008 there have been twenty such tournaments There are various divisions including youth women men teams and a one on one open championship 1 World Open Champions Edit Note In several years events were not held Date Location Winner Nationality1965 Santa Fe Argentina Manuel Gomez Argentina1968 Bell Ville Argentina Anselmo Berrondo Uruguay1975 Campione d Italia Italy Domenico Acanfora Italy1978 Bell Ville Argentina Ricardo Fantasia Argentina1979 Pesaro Italy Attilio Sessa Italy1980 Necochea Argentina Nestor Gomez Argentina1982 Loano Italy Nestor Gomez Argentina1983 Marcos Juarez Argentina Miguel Angel Borrelli Argentina1985 Spoleto Italy Giampiero Rosanna Italy1987 Milan Italy Carlo Cifala Italy1989 Chiasso Switzerland Gustavo Torregiani Argentina1990 Brescia Italy Gustavo Torregiani Argentina1992 Arezzo Italy Giampiero Rosanna Italy1993 Bolivar Argentina Fabio Cavazzana Italy1995 Fiuggi Italy Gustavo Zito Italy1998 Ferrara Italy David Martinelli Italy1999 Necochea Argentina Gustavo Zito Italy2003 Legnano Italy Crocefisso Maggio Italy2006 Seville Spain Michelangelo Aniello Italy2008 Sarteano di Siena Italy Andrea Quarta Italy2009 Villa Maria Argentina Gustavo Torregiani Argentina2015 Milan Italy Matteo Gualemi Italy2017 Necochea Argentina Alejandro Martinotti Argentina2019 Pistoia Italy 19 Ciro Davide Rizzo Italy2022 Calangianus 20 Andrea Quarta ItalyFive pins Pro World Cup EditOrganized by Italian Federation of Billiard Sport FIBiS the Five pins Pro World Cup World Cup Pro 5 Birilli was a semi annual event begun in 1993 and discontinued after 1997 In only one year 1993 were both the Pro World Cup and the World Championships held The event was a one on one invitational championship without other divisions 1 Pro World Cup Champions Edit Note In 1995 the event was not held Date Location Winner Nationality1993 Cannes France Salvatore Mannone Italy1994 Saint Vincent Italy Gustavo Adrian Zito Argentina 21 Note 1 1996 Saint Vincent Italy David Martinelli Italy1997 Todi Italy Gustavo Adrian Zito ItalyNine pin variant goriziana EditMain article Goriziana A professionally competitive version known as goriziana or nine pins 9 pins nine pin billiards etc adds four additional outer pins to the pattern and has a more complicated scoring system Goriziana itself also has multiple amateur rules variants In popular culture EditFive pins is a major plot point of the Italian produced English language drama romance film Bye Bye Baby which stars Brigitte Nielsen as a professional player The movie does not focus on five pins but does demonstrate many aspects of the game clearly in a few sequences See also EditBoccette GorizianaNotes Edit The published FIBiS records list Zito as representing Argentina in this particular instance He started representing Italy in 1995 References Edit a b c d Sezione Stecca Organigramma della Sezione Attivita agonistica Calendari Regolamento Tecnico Sportivo 2004 2005 Archived 2007 06 28 at the Wayback Machine in Italian Federazione Italiana Biliardo Sportivo 2004 Italy a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Biliardo all italiana manual at Wikibooks accessed February 1 2007 in Italian a b c Shamos 1993 pp 124 215 Anonymous 1997 Chapter II Equipment Article 11 Article 11 Billiard table cushion cloth Section 3 Anonymous 1997 Chapter II Equipment Article 11 Article 11 Billiard table cushion cloth Section 4 Anonymous 1997 Chapter II Equipment Article 11 Article 11 Billiard table cushion cloth Section 9 a b Anonymous 1997 Chapter II Equipment Article 12 Balls Chalk Section 2 a b Anonymous 1997 Chapter II Equipment Article 12 Balls Pins Chalk Section 1 Anonymous 1997 Article 25 Starting position cue ball Section 1 Regolamento di Gioco Specialita 5 Birilli 9 Birilli Goriziana e Tutti Doppi Archived 2011 07 22 at the Wayback Machine in Italian Federazione Italiana Biliardo Sportivo October 2003 Italy An HTML version in Italian is also available from a FIBiS affiliate Anonymous 1997 Chapter II Equipment Article 13 Marking of the spots and position lines Anonymous 1997 Chapter II Equipment Article 14 Billiard cue rake Section 2 a b Anonymous 1997 Chapter III Goal of the Game the Match Article 21 Goal of the game Section 2 Anonymous 1997 Chapter III Goal of the Game the Match Article 22 Allocation of the points Section 1 FIBiS Regolamento gioco 5 birilli goriziana operativo dal 1 settembre 2013 in Italian a b c Anonymous 1997 Chapter III Goal of the Game the Match Article 21 Goal of the game Section 4 a b Anonymous 1997 Chapter III Goal of the Game the Match Article 21 Goal of the game Section 6 a b Anonymous 1997 Chapter III Goal of the Game the Match Article 22 Allocation of the points Section 2 2019 World Championships results Union Mondiale de Billard Retrieved 23 September 2022 Andrea Quarta is the new world champion Union Mondiale de Billard Retrieved 26 September 2022 Sezione Stecca Archived 2007 06 28 at the Wayback Machine in Italian op cit Bibliography Edit Anonymous 1997 World Rules of Carom Billiard PDF Sint Martens Latem Belgium Union Mondiale de Billard Shamos Michael Ian 1993 The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Billiards New York NY Lyons amp Burford ISBN 1 55821 219 1 External links EditFederazione Italiana Biliardo Sportivo FIBiS the Italian Federation of Billiard Sport provides rules and organizes events in Italian Carom Cafe online billiards discussions http magazine biliardoweb com http www raisport rai it dl RaiTV programmi media ContentItem 5ee9d0b7 1671 4069 a176 f49928baa32f raisport html video select biliardo Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Five pin billiards amp oldid 1158458643, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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