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Fernando Altamirano

April 26, 2024

Fernando Altamirano (Fernando Altamirano-Carbajal) (July 7, 1848 – October 7, 1908) was a Mexican physician, botanist and naturalist. He was born in Aculco, studied in Querétaro, and died in Mexico City. Altamirano was the founder and the director of the Instituto Medico Nacional from 1888 to 1908.

Fernando Altamirano
Born
Fernando Altamirano

(1848-07-07)July 7, 1848
Aculco, State of Mexico, Mexico
DiedOctober 7, 1908(1908-10-07) (aged 60)
Villa Guadalupe, Mexico City, Mexico
NationalityMexican
Alma materNational School of Medicine, Mexico
Known forStudies on pharmacology of Mexican plants
Scientific career
FieldsPharmacology, Botany, Physiology
InstitutionsInstituto Medico Nacional
Author abbrev. (botany)Altam.

He published more than 250 papers on pharmacology of Mexican plants and on physiology. He was also interested in the industrial uses of Mexican plants.

Altamirano collaborated with many internationally recognized botanists of the period, like Joseph Nelson Rose, Cyrus Pringle, George R. Shaw and Edward Janczewski.

At least one genus and nine species of plants and animals were named after him, many of them by Joseph Nelson Rose.

Biography edit

Altamirano was son of Manuel Altamirano y Tellez and Micaela Carbajal, and had at least two full siblings: Federico (1849) and Alberto ( 1852).[1] He had also seven half brothers and sisters: Delfina Altamirano y Monterde (1835), Etelvina Altamirano y Monterde (1837), Jose Altamirano y Monterde (1839), Eduardo Altamirano y Monterde (1840), Rafael Altamirano y Monterde (1841), Maria Lucia Altamirano y Ruiz (1857) and Maria Margarita Altamirano y Ruiz (1860).

Fernando was baptized in the parish of Aculco, State of Mexico, on July 9, 1848, with the full name of Fernando Guilebaldo Isabel Juan Jose Maria de Jesus Altamirano.[2]

During his childhood, around 1850, he moved with his family to San Juan del Río, and three years after, to the city of Santiago de Querétaro, where he studied at the San Francisco Javier College, called years later the Civil College. By the end of 1861, at age thirteen, he had already lost his father and mother, so his education was mostly influenced by his grandfather, Manuel Altamirano, a physician and botanist, who introduced him to the botanic studies.[3][4]

In 1868, Altamirano moved to Mexico City, where he studied at the newly opened National Preparatory School. A year later, he attended the National School of Medicine, Mexico, where he finished his studies in 1873. That same year, he entered the Academy of Medicine, which would be renamed a few years later as a National Academy of Medicine of Mexico. He also joined the Mexican Society of Natural History.

On November 9, 1873, Altamirano married Luisa Gonzalez, in the city of Santiago de Querétaro.[5] Fernando and Luisa soon returned to Mexico City, where they had at least ten children, among them José Maria (1874) Josefa (1877), Rafael (1879), Fernando (1881), Luisa (1881), Maria (1883), José Ignacio (1885) Alberto (1886), Carlos (1886), and Jose Salvador (1890).

Initially, Altamirano worked as a temporary assistant in the departments of pharmacy, pharmacology and drug history at the National School of Medicine, Mexico. In 1876, he published the catalog of indigenous natural products submitted by the Mexican Society of Natural History to the Centennial International Exhibition in Philadelphia, in 1876.[6] In 1877, he was employed as pharmacist, or preparer of medications, and in 1878 obtained the degree of professor in the School of Medicine. He continued as a pharmacist and as a professor of pharmacology and physiology, but also as an interim professor of therapeutic, topographic anatomy and gynecology. In addition, he worked as a physician in the Hospital of San Andres and in private practice. In the same period, he published several articles in the Medical Gazette of Mexico and in the journal of the Mexican Society of History Natural.[7]

In 1888, Altamirano was appointed as the first director of the National Medical Institute of Mexico. He held this position until his death. There, he installed the first laboratory of physiology in Mexico.[8] During this period, he also made numerous trips of medical botany to different regions of the country, some in the company of internationally renowned botanists as Joseph Nelson Rose, Cyrus Pringle and George Russell Shaw. Additionally, Altamirano conducted numerous investigations, reported on the two journals of the institute: El Estudio and Anales del Instituto Médico Nacional. On the other hand, he was responsible for the institute's involvement in the Exposition Universelle (1889), held in Paris, and in the 1904 Louisiana Purchase Exposition, held in St. Louis, Missouri, and participated in several international conferences, such as the Ninth International Congress of Hygiene and Demography, held in Madrid from 10 to 17 April 1898.[9] He established links with leading scientific institutions in Europe, U.S. and Latin America.

He was alderman in Mexico City in 1897, and in Villa Guadalupe on several occasions.

He died on October 7, 1908, at his home in Villa Guadalupe, Mexico City, due to an internal bleeding, resulted from a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm. He was buried in the Pantheon of Tepeyac in the same city.[4][10]

Scientific contributions edit

Altamirano registered for the first time the cholinergic activity of seeds of the colorin tree (Erythrina coralloides), an activity that he suggested was due to the presence of an unknown alkaloid, which he called erythroidine. He conducted studies on the properties of the erythrina coralloides with Manuel Dominguez in 1877, and individually in 1888.[11][12] Erythroidine was completely isolated until 1937 by Karl Folkers and Randolph T. Majors.[13]

In 1878, Altamirano published his thesis for the degree of professor, entitled Contribution to the Study of National Pharmacology: Medicinal Indigenous Legumes whose illustrations were drawn by his friend, the painter José María Velasco Gómez.[14]

In 1894, along with José Ramírez, Altamirano wrote an advanced report on environmental remediation, entitled: List of botanical and common names of trees and shrubs to repopulate the forests of the Republic, accompanied by an indication of the climates where they grow and how to propagate them.[15]

He investigated and isolate the plumbagin from the Plumbago pulchella. His work in this topic, carried out with the support of Dr. Manuel Toussaint-Vargas, was included in the first part of the "Data for Mexican Materia Medica" in 1894. He identified this active principle as a substance composed of acicular, yellow, intergrown crystals that formed fluffy and light masses; and he mentioned that it could be used to destroy malignant tumors, to counteract toothaches, and as a revulsive.[16][17]

Moreover, in 1895, he discovered a species of axolotl not known before in the mountains around Mexico City. He sent a specimen to the French zoologist Alfredo Dugès, at that time living in Guanajuato, who identified this axolotl as a member of a new species, and named it Ambystoma altamirani, in honor of Altamirano.[18] The next year, he published an interesting article entitled Natural History Applied to Ancient Mexicans.[19]

Afterwards, he translated from Latin to Spanish the work of Francisco Hernández de Toledo on plants of New Spain. In addition, in 1898, he obtained a copy of the manuscripts written by José Mariano Mociño, which remained in Europe.[4]

In 1904, Altamirano presented the book Materia Medica Mexicana: a manual of Mexican medicinal herbs for the Louisiana Purchase Exposition, held in St. Louis, Missouri. This book was based on the numerous studies published in the "Data for Mexican Materia Medica" by the National Medical Institute, in which he contributed significantly.[20]

One year later, in 1905, Altamirano and Joseph Nelson Rose described a euphorbiaceae from the states of Guanajuato, Querétaro and Michoacán, locally called palo amarillo. They considered it a new species and named it Euphorbia elastica, although now it also known as Euphorbia fulva.[21] Altamirano was interested in this euphorbiaceae due to its elastic resin content, which he hoped could be profitably converted into commercial rubber, as had been previously done with guayule in northern Mexico. In the National Medical Institute, he and his colleagues conducted several studies with the palo amarillo until 1908, but they could not get commercial rubber extracted from it in a profitable way.

Genus and species named after Fernando Altamirano edit

Species named by Fernando Altamirano edit

  • Euphorbia elastica (Altam. & Rose, 1905)[1]
The standard author abbreviation Altam. is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.[22]

References edit

  1. ^ Altamirano-Morales, Carlos. Apuntes para la biografía del doctor Fernando Altamirano (in Spanish) (First ed.). Spain: Editorial Letrame. 2021. p. 306. ISBN 978-84-1386-062-6.
  2. ^ IRI - Familuy Search. Mexico Catholic Church Records, Mexico, Aculco de Espinoza, San Jerónimo, Bautismos de hijos legítimos 1842-1854. Obtained on February 28, 2012 from https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.3.1/TH-1-12989-7090-4?cc=1410092&wc=6842348.
  3. ^ 'Dr. Fernando Altamirano' / Sociedad Mexicana de Historia Natural. // Revista de la Sociedad Mexicana de Historia Natural.— v 9-10 (1948) p. 319-322.
  4. ^ a b c Villada, M. M. 'La vida de un eximio investigador científico. Dr. Fernando Altamirano'. Revista de la Sociedad Mexicana de Historia Natural, 3ª. 1912. P. 81-84.
  5. ^ IRI - Family Search. 'Mexico, Querétaro, Catholic Church Records, 1590-1970, Querétaro, Santa Ana, Matrimonios 1857-1882'. Obtained on February 28, 2012 from https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.3.1/TH-1951-20132-5136-88?cc=1881200&wc=11985422.
  6. ^ Altamirano, Fernando. Catálogo de la colección de productos naturales indígenas remitidos por la Sociedad de Historia Natural a la Exposición Internacional de Filadelfia. Sociedad Mexicana de Historia Natural, La Naturaleza 1ª serie, tomo 3, 1876. p. 382-392.
  7. ^ León, Nicolás. Biblioteca Botánico-Mexicana: Catalogo bibliografico, biografico y critico de autores y escritos referentes a vegetales de Mexico y sus aplicaciones, desde la conquista hasta el presente. Oficina tip. de la Secretaria de Fomento. 1895. 372 p.
  8. ^ Pamo Reyna, Oscar (July 2005). "Daniel Vergara Lope y Thomas Holmes Ravenhill: dos figuras olvidadas en la historia de la fisiología de altura". Revista Medica Herediana. 16 (3): 208–217. doi:10.20453/rmh.v16i3.837.
  9. ^ La Ilustración Española y Americana. IX Congreso Internacional de Higiene y Demografía. Year 42, n. 15. 1898. p. 235-240. Obtained on April 1, 2012, from http://www.cervantesvirtual.com/descargaPdf/la-ilustracion-espanola-y-americana--608/
  10. ^ IRI - Family Search. 'Mexico, Distrito Federal, Civil Registration, 1832-2005, Gustavo A. Madero, Defunciones 1907-'. Obtained on February 28, 2012 from https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.3.1/TH-1942-23089-19885-44?cc=1923424&wc=12882677.
  11. ^ Altamirano, F. y Dominguez M. 'Del Colorín'. Gaceta Médica de México, tomo 12. 1877. p. 77.
  12. ^ Altamriano, Fernando. 'Nuevos apuntes para el estudio del Colorín, Erytrina coralloides'. Gaceta Médica de México, tomo 23. 1888. p. 369-392.
  13. ^ Folkers, K., & Major, R. T. 'Isolation of Erythroidine, an Alkaloid of Curare Action from Erythrina americana Mill'. Journal of the American Chemical Society 59:1580. 1937.
  14. ^ Altamirano, Fernando. 'Leguminosas indígenas medicinales. Contribución al estudio de la farmacología nacional'. 1878. Thesis to obtain the degree of professor in the National School of Medicine. 55 p.
  15. ^ Altamirano, Fernando y Ramirez, José. Lista de los nombres vulgares y botánicos de árboles y arbustos propios para repoblar los bosques de la República, acompañados de la indicación de los climas en que vegetan y de la manera de propagarlos. Ministry of Development, Mexico. 1894. 17 p.
  16. ^ Instituto Médico Nacional. Datos para la Materia Médica Mexicana. Primera Parte. Secretaria de Fomento-Instituto Médico Nacional. Typographic Office of the Ministry of Fomento. 1894. 515 p. Obtained on November 11, 2020 from: https://archive.org/details/datosparalamatepriminst/page/78/mode/2up
  17. ^ Kincl, F. A. y Rosenkranz, J. El aislamiento de la plumbagina de Plumbago pulchella Boiss. Ciencia. Revista hispano-americana de Ciencias puras y aplicadas 16(1-3). 1956. p. 10. Obtained on November 11, 2020 from: http://cedros.residencia.csic.es/imagenes/Portal/ciencia/1956_16_01-03-z2.pdf
  18. ^ Altamirano, Fernando. 'Sobre algunas excursiones a las montañas del Ajusco y Serranía de Las Cruces'. Report to the Ministry of Development, Mexico. 1895. 66 p.
  19. ^ Altamirano, Fernando. Historia natural aplicada a los antiguos mexicanos. Anales del Instituto Médico Nacional, t. 2. 1896. p. 261-272.
  20. ^ Altamirano, Fernando. 'Materia medica mexicana : a manual of Mexican medicinal herbs: Based upon the extensive studies published in the Datos para materia medica mexicana, by the Mexican National Medical Institute'. Comisión Nacional Mexicana en la Exposición Universal de San Luis de 1904. 1904. 78 p.
  21. ^ Altamirano, Fernando. El Palo Amarillo. Ministry of Development, Mexico. Instituto Médico Nacional. 1905
  22. ^ International Plant Names Index.  Altam.

April 26, 2024
fernando, altamirano, carbajal, july, 1848, october, 1908, mexican, physician, botanist, naturalist, born, aculco, studied, querétaro, died, mexico, city, altamirano, founder, director, instituto, medico, nacional, from, 1888, 1908, born, 1848, july, 1848aculc. Fernando Altamirano Fernando Altamirano Carbajal July 7 1848 October 7 1908 was a Mexican physician botanist and naturalist He was born in Aculco studied in Queretaro and died in Mexico City Altamirano was the founder and the director of the Instituto Medico Nacional from 1888 to 1908 Fernando AltamiranoBornFernando Altamirano 1848 07 07 July 7 1848Aculco State of Mexico MexicoDiedOctober 7 1908 1908 10 07 aged 60 Villa Guadalupe Mexico City MexicoNationalityMexicanAlma materNational School of Medicine MexicoKnown forStudies on pharmacology of Mexican plantsScientific careerFieldsPharmacology Botany PhysiologyInstitutionsInstituto Medico NacionalAuthor abbrev botany Altam He published more than 250 papers on pharmacology of Mexican plants and on physiology He was also interested in the industrial uses of Mexican plants Altamirano collaborated with many internationally recognized botanists of the period like Joseph Nelson Rose Cyrus Pringle George R Shaw and Edward Janczewski At least one genus and nine species of plants and animals were named after him many of them by Joseph Nelson Rose Contents 1 Biography 2 Scientific contributions 3 Genus and species named after Fernando Altamirano 4 Species named by Fernando Altamirano 5 ReferencesBiography editAltamirano was son of Manuel Altamirano y Tellez and Micaela Carbajal and had at least two full siblings Federico 1849 and Alberto 1852 1 He had also seven half brothers and sisters Delfina Altamirano y Monterde 1835 Etelvina Altamirano y Monterde 1837 Jose Altamirano y Monterde 1839 Eduardo Altamirano y Monterde 1840 Rafael Altamirano y Monterde 1841 Maria Lucia Altamirano y Ruiz 1857 and Maria Margarita Altamirano y Ruiz 1860 Fernando was baptized in the parish of Aculco State of Mexico on July 9 1848 with the full name of Fernando Guilebaldo Isabel Juan Jose Maria de Jesus Altamirano 2 During his childhood around 1850 he moved with his family to San Juan del Rio and three years after to the city of Santiago de Queretaro where he studied at the San Francisco Javier College called years later the Civil College By the end of 1861 at age thirteen he had already lost his father and mother so his education was mostly influenced by his grandfather Manuel Altamirano a physician and botanist who introduced him to the botanic studies 3 4 In 1868 Altamirano moved to Mexico City where he studied at the newly opened National Preparatory School A year later he attended the National School of Medicine Mexico where he finished his studies in 1873 That same year he entered the Academy of Medicine which would be renamed a few years later as a National Academy of Medicine of Mexico He also joined the Mexican Society of Natural History On November 9 1873 Altamirano married Luisa Gonzalez in the city of Santiago de Queretaro 5 Fernando and Luisa soon returned to Mexico City where they had at least ten children among them Jose Maria 1874 Josefa 1877 Rafael 1879 Fernando 1881 Luisa 1881 Maria 1883 Jose Ignacio 1885 Alberto 1886 Carlos 1886 and Jose Salvador 1890 Initially Altamirano worked as a temporary assistant in the departments of pharmacy pharmacology and drug history at the National School of Medicine Mexico In 1876 he published the catalog of indigenous natural products submitted by the Mexican Society of Natural History to the Centennial International Exhibition in Philadelphia in 1876 6 In 1877 he was employed as pharmacist or preparer of medications and in 1878 obtained the degree of professor in the School of Medicine He continued as a pharmacist and as a professor of pharmacology and physiology but also as an interim professor of therapeutic topographic anatomy and gynecology In addition he worked as a physician in the Hospital of San Andres and in private practice In the same period he published several articles in the Medical Gazette of Mexico and in the journal of the Mexican Society of History Natural 7 In 1888 Altamirano was appointed as the first director of the National Medical Institute of Mexico He held this position until his death There he installed the first laboratory of physiology in Mexico 8 During this period he also made numerous trips of medical botany to different regions of the country some in the company of internationally renowned botanists as Joseph Nelson Rose Cyrus Pringle and George Russell Shaw Additionally Altamirano conducted numerous investigations reported on the two journals of the institute El Estudio and Anales del Instituto Medico Nacional On the other hand he was responsible for the institute s involvement in the Exposition Universelle 1889 held in Paris and in the 1904 Louisiana Purchase Exposition held in St Louis Missouri and participated in several international conferences such as the Ninth International Congress of Hygiene and Demography held in Madrid from 10 to 17 April 1898 9 He established links with leading scientific institutions in Europe U S and Latin America He was alderman in Mexico City in 1897 and in Villa Guadalupe on several occasions He died on October 7 1908 at his home in Villa Guadalupe Mexico City due to an internal bleeding resulted from a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm He was buried in the Pantheon of Tepeyac in the same city 4 10 Scientific contributions editAltamirano registered for the first time the cholinergic activity of seeds of the colorin tree Erythrina coralloides an activity that he suggested was due to the presence of an unknown alkaloid which he called erythroidine He conducted studies on the properties of the erythrina coralloides with Manuel Dominguez in 1877 and individually in 1888 11 12 Erythroidine was completely isolated until 1937 by Karl Folkers and Randolph T Majors 13 In 1878 Altamirano published his thesis for the degree of professor entitled Contribution to the Study of National Pharmacology Medicinal Indigenous Legumes whose illustrations were drawn by his friend the painter Jose Maria Velasco Gomez 14 In 1894 along with Jose Ramirez Altamirano wrote an advanced report on environmental remediation entitled List of botanical and common names of trees and shrubs to repopulate the forests of the Republic accompanied by an indication of the climates where they grow and how to propagate them 15 He investigated and isolate the plumbagin from the Plumbago pulchella His work in this topic carried out with the support of Dr Manuel Toussaint Vargas was included in the first part of the Data for Mexican Materia Medica in 1894 He identified this active principle as a substance composed of acicular yellow intergrown crystals that formed fluffy and light masses and he mentioned that it could be used to destroy malignant tumors to counteract toothaches and as a revulsive 16 17 Moreover in 1895 he discovered a species of axolotl not known before in the mountains around Mexico City He sent a specimen to the French zoologist Alfredo Duges at that time living in Guanajuato who identified this axolotl as a member of a new species and named it Ambystoma altamirani in honor of Altamirano 18 The next year he published an interesting article entitled Natural History Applied to Ancient Mexicans 19 Afterwards he translated from Latin to Spanish the work of Francisco Hernandez de Toledo on plants of New Spain In addition in 1898 he obtained a copy of the manuscripts written by Jose Mariano Mocino which remained in Europe 4 In 1904 Altamirano presented the book Materia Medica Mexicana a manual of Mexican medicinal herbs for the Louisiana Purchase Exposition held in St Louis Missouri This book was based on the numerous studies published in the Data for Mexican Materia Medica by the National Medical Institute in which he contributed significantly 20 One year later in 1905 Altamirano and Joseph Nelson Rose described a euphorbiaceae from the states of Guanajuato Queretaro and Michoacan locally called palo amarillo They considered it a new species and named it Euphorbia elastica although now it also known as Euphorbia fulva 21 Altamirano was interested in this euphorbiaceae due to its elastic resin content which he hoped could be profitably converted into commercial rubber as had been previously done with guayule in northern Mexico In the National Medical Institute he and his colleagues conducted several studies with the palo amarillo until 1908 but they could not get commercial rubber extracted from it in a profitable way Genus and species named after Fernando Altamirano editAltamiranoa Rose 1903 Eryngium altamiranoi Hemsl amp Rose 1906 Pinus altamiranoi Shaw in Sargent 1905 Bumelia altamiranoi Rose amp Standl 1924 Leucophyllum altamiranii Urbina 1906 Ribes altamirani Janczewski 1906 Mesoscincus altamirani Duges 1891 Ambystoma altamirani Duges 1895 Species named by Fernando Altamirano editEuphorbia elastica Altam amp Rose 1905 1 The standard author abbreviation Altam is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name 22 References edit Altamirano Morales Carlos Apuntes para la biografia del doctor Fernando Altamirano in Spanish First ed Spain Editorial Letrame 2021 p 306 ISBN 978 84 1386 062 6 IRI Familuy Search Mexico Catholic Church Records Mexico Aculco de Espinoza San Jeronimo Bautismos de hijos legitimos 1842 1854 Obtained on February 28 2012 from https familysearch org pal MM9 3 1 TH 1 12989 7090 4 cc 1410092 amp wc 6842348 Dr Fernando Altamirano Sociedad Mexicana de Historia Natural Revista de la Sociedad Mexicana de Historia Natural v 9 10 1948 p 319 322 a b c Villada M M La vida de un eximio investigador cientifico Dr Fernando Altamirano Revista de la Sociedad Mexicana de Historia Natural 3ª 1912 P 81 84 IRI Family Search Mexico Queretaro Catholic Church Records 1590 1970 Queretaro Santa Ana Matrimonios 1857 1882 Obtained on February 28 2012 from https familysearch org pal MM9 3 1 TH 1951 20132 5136 88 cc 1881200 amp wc 11985422 Altamirano Fernando Catalogo de la coleccion de productos naturales indigenas remitidos por la Sociedad de Historia Natural a la Exposicion Internacional de Filadelfia Sociedad Mexicana de Historia Natural La Naturaleza 1ª serie tomo 3 1876 p 382 392 Leon Nicolas Biblioteca Botanico Mexicana Catalogo bibliografico biografico y critico de autores y escritos referentes a vegetales de Mexico y sus aplicaciones desde la conquista hasta el presente Oficina tip de la Secretaria de Fomento 1895 372 p Pamo Reyna Oscar July 2005 Daniel Vergara Lope y Thomas Holmes Ravenhill dos figuras olvidadas en la historia de la fisiologia de altura Revista Medica Herediana 16 3 208 217 doi 10 20453 rmh v16i3 837 La Ilustracion Espanola y Americana IX Congreso Internacional de Higiene y Demografia Year 42 n 15 1898 p 235 240 Obtained on April 1 2012 from http www cervantesvirtual com descargaPdf la ilustracion espanola y americana 608 IRI Family Search Mexico Distrito Federal Civil Registration 1832 2005 Gustavo A Madero Defunciones 1907 Obtained on February 28 2012 from https familysearch org pal MM9 3 1 TH 1942 23089 19885 44 cc 1923424 amp wc 12882677 Altamirano F y Dominguez M Del Colorin Gaceta Medica de Mexico tomo 12 1877 p 77 Altamriano Fernando Nuevos apuntes para el estudio del Colorin Erytrina coralloides Gaceta Medica de Mexico tomo 23 1888 p 369 392 Folkers K amp Major R T Isolation of Erythroidine an Alkaloid of Curare Action from Erythrina americana Mill Journal of the American Chemical Society 59 1580 1937 Altamirano Fernando Leguminosas indigenas medicinales Contribucion al estudio de la farmacologia nacional 1878 Thesis to obtain the degree of professor in the National School of Medicine 55 p Altamirano Fernando y Ramirez Jose Lista de los nombres vulgares y botanicos de arboles y arbustos propios para repoblar los bosques de la Republica acompanados de la indicacion de los climas en que vegetan y de la manera de propagarlos Ministry of Development Mexico 1894 17 p Instituto Medico Nacional Datos para la Materia Medica Mexicana Primera Parte Secretaria de Fomento Instituto Medico Nacional Typographic Office of the Ministry of Fomento 1894 515 p Obtained on November 11 2020 from https archive org details datosparalamatepriminst page 78 mode 2up Kincl F A y Rosenkranz J El aislamiento de la plumbagina de Plumbago pulchella Boiss Ciencia Revista hispano americana de Ciencias puras y aplicadas 16 1 3 1956 p 10 Obtained on November 11 2020 from http cedros residencia csic es imagenes Portal ciencia 1956 16 01 03 z2 pdf Altamirano Fernando Sobre algunas excursiones a las montanas del Ajusco y Serrania de Las Cruces Report to the Ministry of Development Mexico 1895 66 p Altamirano Fernando Historia natural aplicada a los antiguos mexicanos Anales del Instituto Medico Nacional t 2 1896 p 261 272 Altamirano Fernando Materia medica mexicana a manual of Mexican medicinal herbs Based upon the extensive studies published in the Datos para materia medica mexicana by the Mexican National Medical Institute Comision Nacional Mexicana en la Exposicion Universal de San Luis de 1904 1904 78 p Altamirano Fernando El Palo Amarillo Ministry of Development Mexico Instituto Medico Nacional 1905 International Plant Names Index Altam Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Fernando Altamirano amp oldid 1186029331, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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