There are two forms of CD23: CD23a and CD23b. CD23a is present on follicular B cells, whereas CD23b requires IL-4 to be expressed on T-cells, monocytes, Langerhans cells, eosinophils, and macrophages.[5]
CD23 is known to have a role of transportation in antibody feedback regulation. Antigens which enter the blood stream can be captured by antigen specific IgE antibodies. The IgE immune complexes that are formed bind to CD23 molecules on B cells, and are transported to the B cell follicles of the spleen. The antigen is then transferred from CD23+ B cells to CD11c+ antigen presenting cells. The CD11c+ cells in turn present the antigen to CD4+ T cells, which can lead to an enhanced antibody response.[6]
Clinical significanceedit
The allergen responsible in dust mite allergy—Der p 1—is known to cleave CD23 from a cell’s surface. As CD23 is soluble, it can move freely and interact with cells in plasma. Recent studies have shown that increased levels of soluble CD23 cause the recruitment of non-sensitised B-cells in the presentation of antigen peptides to allergen-specific B-cells, therefore increasing the production of allergen specific IgE. IgE, in turn, is known to upregulate the cellular expression of CD23 and Fc epsilon RI (high-affinity IgE receptor).[7]
Patterns of CD23 (and CD21) expression by the follicular dendritic cells in follicular lymphoma.[8]
In flow cytometry, CD23 is helpful in the differentiation of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CD23-positive) from mantle cell lymphoma (CD23-negative).[9] CD23 can also be demonstrated in germinal centre follicular dendritic cells using immunohistochemistry but is minimally expressed by benign germinal center B cells. In contrast to neoplastic mantle cells (which are negative for CD23), the resting cells of physiologic mantle zone express CD23. Paradoxically, Lymphomas arising from the mantle zone are generally negative for CD23, while most B-cell chronic lymphomocytic leukaemias are positive, allowing immunohistochemistry to distinguish these conditions, which otherwise have a similar appearance. Reed – Sternberg cells are usually positive for CD23.[10]
^ abcGRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000104921 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ abcGRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000005540 – Ensembl, May 2017
^"Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^"Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^Lichtman AH, Abbas AK (2003). Cellular and molecular immunology. Philadelphia: Saunders. pp. 324–325. ISBN0-7216-0008-5.
^Henningsson F, Ding Z, Dahlin JS, Linkevicius M, Carlsson F, Grönvik KO, Hallgren J, Heyman B (2011). Metzger DW (ed.). "IgE-mediated enhancement of CD4+ T cell responses in mice requires antigen presentation by CD11c+ cells and not by B cells". PLOS ONE. 6 (7): e21760. Bibcode:2011PLoSO...621760H. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0021760. PMC3130775. PMID 21765910.
^Engeroff P, Vogel M (July 2021). "The role of CD23 in the regulation of allergic responses". Allergy. 76 (7): 1981–1989. doi:10.1111/all.14724. PMC8359454. PMID 33378583.
^Kurshumliu F, Sadiku-Zehri F, Qerimi A, Vela Z, Jashari F, Bytyci S, et al. (2019). "Divergent immunohistochemical expression of CD21 and CD23 by follicular dendritic cells with increasing grade of follicular lymphoma". World J Surg Oncol. 17 (1): 115. doi:10.1186/s12957-019-1659-8. PMC6610797. PMID 31269981. - This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
^Barna G, Reiniger L, Tátrai P, Kopper L, Matolcsy A (Sep 2008). "The cut-off levels of CD23 expression in the differential diagnosis of MCL and CLL". Hematological Oncology. 26 (3): 167–70. doi:10.1002/hon.855. PMID 18381689. S2CID 20572446.
^Cooper K, Leong AS (2003). Manual of diagnostic antibodies for immunohistology. London: Greenwich Medical Media. p. 95. ISBN1-84110-100-1.
Further readingedit
Kijimoto-Ochiai S (Apr 2002). "CD23 (the low-affinity IgE receptor) as a C-type lectin: a multidomain and multifunctional molecule". Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences. 59 (4): 648–64. doi:10.1007/s00018-002-8455-1. PMID 12022472. S2CID 20040394.
Schwarzmeier JD, Hubmann R, Düchler M, Jäger U, Shehata M (Feb 2005). "Regulation of CD23 expression by Notch2 in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia". Leukemia & Lymphoma. 46 (2): 157–65. doi:10.1080/10428190400010742. PMID 15621797. S2CID 36863790.
Maekawa N, Kawabe T, Sugie K, Kawakami T, Iwata S, Uchida A, Yodoi J (May 1992). "Induction of Fc epsilon RII/CD23 on PHA-activated human peripheral blood T lymphocytes and the association of Fyn tyrosine kinase with Fc epsilon RII/CD23". Research in Immunology. 143 (4): 422–5. doi:10.1016/S0923-2494(05)80075-6. PMID 1387715.
Rose K, Turcatti G, Graber P, Pochon S, Regamey PO, Jansen KU, Magnenat E, Aubonney N, Bonnefoy JY (Sep 1992). "Partial characterization of natural and recombinant human soluble CD23". The Biochemical Journal. 286 ( Pt 3) (Pt 3): 819–24. doi:10.1042/bj2860819. PMC1132977. PMID 1417742.
Maekawa N, Kawabe T, Sugie K, Kawakami T, Maeda Y, Uchida A, Yodoi J (1992). "Induction of Fc epsilon RII/CD23 on PHA-activated human peripheral blood T lymphocytes and association of fyn tyrosine kinase with Fc epsilon RII/CD23". International Journal of Tissue Reactions. 14 (3): 121–30. PMID 1446976.
Sugie K, Kawakami T, Maeda Y, Kawabe T, Uchida A, Yodoi J (Oct 1991). "Fyn tyrosine kinase associated with Fc epsilon RII/CD23: possible multiple roles in lymphocyte activation". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 88 (20): 9132–5. Bibcode:1991PNAS...88.9132S. doi:10.1073/pnas.88.20.9132. PMC52666. PMID 1717997.
Bettler B, Hofstetter H, Rao M, Yokoyama WM, Kilchherr F, Conrad DH (Oct 1989). "Molecular structure and expression of the murine lymphocyte low-affinity receptor for IgE (Fc epsilon RII)". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 86 (19): 7566–70. doi:10.1073/pnas.86.19.7566. PMC298106. PMID 2529542.
Kikutani H, Inui S, Sato R, Barsumian EL, Owaki H, Yamasaki K, Kaisho T, Uchibayashi N, Hardy RR, Hirano T (Dec 1986). "Molecular structure of human lymphocyte receptor for immunoglobulin E". Cell. 47 (5): 657–65. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(86)90508-8. PMID 2877743. S2CID 43557507.
Ikuta K, Takami M, Kim CW, Honjo T, Miyoshi T, Tagaya Y, Kawabe T, Yodoi J (Feb 1987). "Human lymphocyte Fc receptor for IgE: sequence homology of its cloned cDNA with animal lectins". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 84 (3): 819–23. Bibcode:1987PNAS...84..819I. doi:10.1073/pnas.84.3.819. PMC304307. PMID 2949326.
Yokota A, Kikutani H, Tanaka T, Sato R, Barsumian EL, Suemura M, Kishimoto T (Nov 1988). "Two species of human Fc epsilon receptor II (Fc epsilon RII/CD23): tissue-specific and IL-4-specific regulation of gene expression". Cell. 55 (4): 611–8. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(88)90219-X. PMID 2972386. S2CID 140208582.
Lüdin C, Hofstetter H, Sarfati M, Levy CA, Suter U, Alaimo D, Kilchherr E, Frost H, Delespesse G (Jan 1987). "Cloning and expression of the cDNA coding for a human lymphocyte IgE receptor". The EMBO Journal. 6 (1): 109–14. doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1987.tb04726.x. PMC553364. PMID 3034567.
Aubry JP, Pochon S, Gauchat JF, Nueda-Marin A, Holers VM, Graber P, Siegfried C, Bonnefoy JY (Jun 1994). "CD23 interacts with a new functional extracytoplasmic domain involving N-linked oligosaccharides on CD21". Journal of Immunology. 152 (12): 5806–13. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.152.12.5806. PMID 7515913. S2CID 42434103.
Lecoanet-Henchoz S, Gauchat JF, Aubry JP, Graber P, Life P, Paul-Eugene N, Ferrua B, Corbi AL, Dugas B, Plater-Zyberk C (Jul 1995). "CD23 regulates monocyte activation through a novel interaction with the adhesion molecules CD11b-CD18 and CD11c-CD18". Immunity. 3 (1): 119–25. doi:10.1016/1074-7613(95)90164-7. PMID 7621072.
Maruyama K, Sugano S (Jan 1994). "Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides". Gene. 138 (1–2): 171–4. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8. PMID 8125298.
Padlan EA, Helm BA (1994). "Modeling of the lectin-homology domains of the human and murine low-affinity Fc epsilon receptor (Fc epsilon RII/CD23)". Receptor. 3 (4): 325–41. PMID 8142907.
Trask B, Fertitta A, Christensen M, Youngblom J, Bergmann A, Copeland A, de Jong P, Mohrenweiser H, Olsen A, Carrano A (Jan 1993). "Fluorescence in situ hybridization mapping of human chromosome 19: cytogenetic band location of 540 cosmids and 70 genes or DNA markers". Genomics. 15 (1): 133–45. doi:10.1006/geno.1993.1021. PMID 8432525.
Chirmule N, Kalyanaraman VS, Lederman S, Oyaizu N, Yagura H, Yellin MJ, Chess L, Pahwa S (Mar 1993). "HIV-gp 160-induced T cell-dependent B cell differentiation. Role of T cell-B cell activation molecule and IL-6". Journal of Immunology. 150 (6): 2478–86. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.150.6.2478. PMID 8450224. S2CID 25128583.
Förster HH, Wäsch R, Kretschmar T, Mischke D, Uchańska-Ziegler B, Ziegler A, Schmitt M, Wahn HU (Nov 1995). "Genetic markers on chromosome 19p and prenatal diagnosis of HLA class II-deficient combined immunodeficiency". Pediatric Research. 38 (5): 812–6. doi:10.1203/00006450-199511000-00029. PMID 8552454.
Bajorath J, Aruffo A (Feb 1996). "Structure-based modeling of the ligand binding domain of the human cell surface receptor CD23 and comparison of two independently derived molecular models". Protein Science. 5 (2): 240–7. doi:10.1002/pro.5560050207. PMC2143337. PMID 8745401.
Frémeaux-Bacchi V, Bernard I, Maillet F, Mani JC, Fontaine M, Bonnefoy JY, Kazatchkine MD, Fischer E (Jul 1996). "Human lymphocytes shed a soluble form of CD21 (the C3dg/Epstein-Barr virus receptor, CR2) that binds iC3b and CD23". European Journal of Immunology. 26 (7): 1497–503. doi:10.1002/eji.1830260714. PMID 8766552. S2CID 31793325.
External linksedit
Human FCER2 genome location and FCER2 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.
PDBe-KB provides an overview of all the structure information available in the PDB for Human Low affinity immunoglobulin epsilon Fc receptor
January 01, 1970
cd23, also, known, epsilon, fcεrii, affinity, receptor, antibody, isotype, involved, allergy, resistance, parasites, important, regulation, levels, unlike, many, antibody, receptors, type, lectin, found, mature, cells, activated, macrophages, eosinophils, foll. CD23 also known as Fc epsilon RII or FceRII is the low affinity receptor for IgE an antibody isotype involved in allergy and resistance to parasites and is important in regulation of IgE levels Unlike many of the antibody receptors CD23 is a C type lectin It is found on mature B cells activated macrophages eosinophils follicular dendritic cells and platelets FCER2Available structuresPDBOrtholog search PDBe RCSBList of PDB id codes4KI1 1T8C 1T8D 2H2R 2H2T 4EZM 4G96 4G9A 4GI0 4GJ0 4GJX 4GK1 4GKO 4J6J 4J6K 4J6L 4J6M 4J6N 4J6P 4J6QIdentifiersAliasesFCER2 BLAST 2 CD23 CD23A CLEC4J FCE2 IGEBF Fc fragment of IgE receptor II FCErII Fc epsilon receptor IIExternal IDsOMIM 151445 MGI 95497 HomoloGene 1517 GeneCards FCER2Gene location Human Chr Chromosome 19 human 1 Band19p13 2Start7 688 758 bp 1 End7 702 146 bp 1 Gene location Mouse Chr Chromosome 8 mouse 2 Band8 A1 1 8 1 92 cMStart3 731 737 bp 2 End3 744 175 bp 2 RNA expression patternBgeeHumanMouse ortholog Top expressed inspleenlymph nodeappendixbloodmonocytebone marrow cellsthymusrectumgallbladdersubcutaneous adipose tissueTop expressed inspleenbloodsubcutaneous adipose tissuethymuswhite adipose tissuemorulamammary glandlungleft lungright lungMore reference expression dataBioGPSMore reference expression dataGene ontologyMolecular functionIgE binding integrin binding protein binding metal ion binding carbohydrate bindingCellular componentintegral component of membrane extracellular region plasma membrane integral component of plasma membrane extracellular exosome external side of plasma membrane membraneBiological processNotch signaling pathway positive regulation of humoral immune response mediated by circulating immunoglobulin positive regulation of nitric oxide synthase activity positive regulation of killing of cells of other organism positive regulation of nitric oxide synthase biosynthetic process cytokine mediated signaling pathwaySources Amigo QuickGOOrthologsSpeciesHumanMouseEntrez220814128EnsemblENSG00000104921ENSMUSG00000005540UniProtP06734P20693RefSeq mRNA NM 001207019NM 001220500NM 002002NM 001253737NM 001253739NM 001253743NM 001253745NM 001253746NM 001253747NM 013517RefSeq protein NP 001193948NP 001207429NP 001993NP 001240666NP 001240668NP 001240672NP 001240674NP 001240675NP 001240676NP 038545Location UCSC Chr 19 7 69 7 7 MbChr 8 3 73 3 74 MbPubMed search 3 4 WikidataView Edit HumanView Edit Mouse There are two forms of CD23 CD23a and CD23b CD23a is present on follicular B cells whereas CD23b requires IL 4 to be expressed on T cells monocytes Langerhans cells eosinophils and macrophages 5 Contents 1 Function 2 Clinical significance 3 See also 4 References 5 Further reading 6 External linksFunction editCD23 is known to have a role of transportation in antibody feedback regulation Antigens which enter the blood stream can be captured by antigen specific IgE antibodies The IgE immune complexes that are formed bind to CD23 molecules on B cells and are transported to the B cell follicles of the spleen The antigen is then transferred from CD23 B cells to CD11c antigen presenting cells The CD11c cells in turn present the antigen to CD4 T cells which can lead to an enhanced antibody response 6 Clinical significance editThe allergen responsible in dust mite allergy Der p 1 is known to cleave CD23 from a cell s surface As CD23 is soluble it can move freely and interact with cells in plasma Recent studies have shown that increased levels of soluble CD23 cause the recruitment of non sensitised B cells in the presentation of antigen peptides to allergen specific B cells therefore increasing the production of allergen specific IgE IgE in turn is known to upregulate the cellular expression of CD23 and Fc epsilon RI high affinity IgE receptor 7 nbsp Patterns of CD23 and CD21 expression by the follicular dendritic cells in follicular lymphoma 8 In flow cytometry CD23 is helpful in the differentiation of chronic lymphocytic leukemia CD23 positive from mantle cell lymphoma CD23 negative 9 CD23 can also be demonstrated in germinal centre follicular dendritic cells using immunohistochemistry but is minimally expressed by benign germinal center B cells In contrast to neoplastic mantle cells which are negative for CD23 the resting cells of physiologic mantle zone express CD23 Paradoxically Lymphomas arising from the mantle zone are generally negative for CD23 while most B cell chronic lymphomocytic leukaemias are positive allowing immunohistochemistry to distinguish these conditions which otherwise have a similar appearance Reed Sternberg cells are usually positive for CD23 10 See also editCluster of differentiation a list of all the CD numbered proteinsReferences edit a b c GRCh38 Ensembl release 89 ENSG00000104921 Ensembl May 2017 a b c GRCm38 Ensembl release 89 ENSMUSG00000005540 Ensembl May 2017 Human PubMed Reference National Center for Biotechnology Information U S National Library of Medicine Mouse PubMed Reference National Center for Biotechnology Information U S National Library of Medicine Lichtman AH Abbas AK 2003 Cellular and molecular immunology Philadelphia Saunders pp 324 325 ISBN 0 7216 0008 5 Henningsson F Ding Z Dahlin JS Linkevicius M Carlsson F Gronvik KO Hallgren J Heyman B 2011 Metzger DW ed IgE mediated enhancement of CD4 T cell responses in mice requires antigen presentation by CD11c cells and not by B cells PLOS ONE 6 7 e21760 Bibcode 2011PLoSO 621760H doi 10 1371 journal pone 0021760 PMC 3130775 PMID 21765910 Engeroff P Vogel M July 2021 The role of CD23 in the regulation of allergic responses Allergy 76 7 1981 1989 doi 10 1111 all 14724 PMC 8359454 PMID 33378583 Kurshumliu F Sadiku Zehri F Qerimi A Vela Z Jashari F Bytyci S et al 2019 Divergent immunohistochemical expression of CD21 and CD23 by follicular dendritic cells with increasing grade of follicular lymphoma World J Surg Oncol 17 1 115 doi 10 1186 s12957 019 1659 8 PMC 6610797 PMID 31269981 This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4 0 International License http creativecommons org licenses by 4 0 Barna G Reiniger L Tatrai P Kopper L Matolcsy A Sep 2008 The cut off levels of CD23 expression in the differential diagnosis of MCL and CLL Hematological Oncology 26 3 167 70 doi 10 1002 hon 855 PMID 18381689 S2CID 20572446 Cooper K Leong AS 2003 Manual of diagnostic antibodies for immunohistology London Greenwich Medical Media p 95 ISBN 1 84110 100 1 Further reading editKijimoto Ochiai S Apr 2002 CD23 the low affinity IgE receptor as a C type lectin a multidomain and multifunctional molecule Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences 59 4 648 64 doi 10 1007 s00018 002 8455 1 PMID 12022472 S2CID 20040394 Schwarzmeier JD Hubmann R Duchler M Jager U Shehata M Feb 2005 Regulation of CD23 expression by Notch2 in B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia Leukemia amp Lymphoma 46 2 157 65 doi 10 1080 10428190400010742 PMID 15621797 S2CID 36863790 Maekawa N Kawabe T Sugie K Kawakami T Iwata S Uchida A Yodoi J May 1992 Induction of Fc epsilon RII CD23 on PHA activated human peripheral blood T lymphocytes and the association of Fyn tyrosine kinase with Fc epsilon RII CD23 Research in Immunology 143 4 422 5 doi 10 1016 S0923 2494 05 80075 6 PMID 1387715 Rose K Turcatti G Graber P Pochon S Regamey PO Jansen KU Magnenat E Aubonney N Bonnefoy JY Sep 1992 Partial characterization of natural and recombinant human soluble CD23 The Biochemical Journal 286 Pt 3 Pt 3 819 24 doi 10 1042 bj2860819 PMC 1132977 PMID 1417742 Maekawa N Kawabe T Sugie K Kawakami T Maeda Y Uchida A Yodoi J 1992 Induction of Fc epsilon RII CD23 on PHA activated human peripheral blood T lymphocytes and association of fyn tyrosine kinase with Fc epsilon RII CD23 International Journal of Tissue Reactions 14 3 121 30 PMID 1446976 Sugie K Kawakami T Maeda Y Kawabe T Uchida A Yodoi J Oct 1991 Fyn tyrosine kinase associated with Fc epsilon RII CD23 possible multiple roles in lymphocyte activation Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 88 20 9132 5 Bibcode 1991PNAS 88 9132S doi 10 1073 pnas 88 20 9132 PMC 52666 PMID 1717997 Bettler B Hofstetter H Rao M Yokoyama WM Kilchherr F Conrad DH Oct 1989 Molecular structure and expression of the murine lymphocyte low affinity receptor for IgE Fc epsilon RII Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 86 19 7566 70 doi 10 1073 pnas 86 19 7566 PMC 298106 PMID 2529542 Kikutani H Inui S Sato R Barsumian EL Owaki H Yamasaki K Kaisho T Uchibayashi N Hardy RR Hirano T Dec 1986 Molecular structure of human lymphocyte receptor for immunoglobulin E Cell 47 5 657 65 doi 10 1016 0092 8674 86 90508 8 PMID 2877743 S2CID 43557507 Ikuta K Takami M Kim CW Honjo T Miyoshi T Tagaya Y Kawabe T Yodoi J Feb 1987 Human lymphocyte Fc receptor for IgE sequence homology of its cloned cDNA with animal lectins Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 84 3 819 23 Bibcode 1987PNAS 84 819I doi 10 1073 pnas 84 3 819 PMC 304307 PMID 2949326 Yokota A Kikutani H Tanaka T Sato R Barsumian EL Suemura M Kishimoto T Nov 1988 Two species of human Fc epsilon receptor II Fc epsilon RII CD23 tissue specific and IL 4 specific regulation of gene expression Cell 55 4 611 8 doi 10 1016 0092 8674 88 90219 X PMID 2972386 S2CID 140208582 Ludin C Hofstetter H Sarfati M Levy CA Suter U Alaimo D Kilchherr E Frost H Delespesse G Jan 1987 Cloning and expression of the cDNA coding for a human lymphocyte IgE receptor The EMBO Journal 6 1 109 14 doi 10 1002 j 1460 2075 1987 tb04726 x PMC 553364 PMID 3034567 Aubry JP Pochon S Gauchat JF Nueda Marin A Holers VM Graber P Siegfried C Bonnefoy JY Jun 1994 CD23 interacts with a new functional extracytoplasmic domain involving N linked oligosaccharides on CD21 Journal of Immunology 152 12 5806 13 doi 10 4049 jimmunol 152 12 5806 PMID 7515913 S2CID 42434103 Lecoanet Henchoz S Gauchat JF Aubry JP Graber P Life P Paul Eugene N Ferrua B Corbi AL Dugas B Plater Zyberk C Jul 1995 CD23 regulates monocyte activation through a novel interaction with the adhesion molecules CD11b CD18 and CD11c CD18 Immunity 3 1 119 25 doi 10 1016 1074 7613 95 90164 7 PMID 7621072 Maruyama K Sugano S Jan 1994 Oligo capping a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides Gene 138 1 2 171 4 doi 10 1016 0378 1119 94 90802 8 PMID 8125298 Padlan EA Helm BA 1994 Modeling of the lectin homology domains of the human and murine low affinity Fc epsilon receptor Fc epsilon RII CD23 Receptor 3 4 325 41 PMID 8142907 Trask B Fertitta A Christensen M Youngblom J Bergmann A Copeland A de Jong P Mohrenweiser H Olsen A Carrano A Jan 1993 Fluorescence in situ hybridization mapping of human chromosome 19 cytogenetic band location of 540 cosmids and 70 genes or DNA markers Genomics 15 1 133 45 doi 10 1006 geno 1993 1021 PMID 8432525 Chirmule N Kalyanaraman VS Lederman S Oyaizu N Yagura H Yellin MJ Chess L Pahwa S Mar 1993 HIV gp 160 induced T cell dependent B cell differentiation Role of T cell B cell activation molecule and IL 6 Journal of Immunology 150 6 2478 86 doi 10 4049 jimmunol 150 6 2478 PMID 8450224 S2CID 25128583 Forster HH Wasch R Kretschmar T Mischke D Uchanska Ziegler B Ziegler A Schmitt M Wahn HU Nov 1995 Genetic markers on chromosome 19p and prenatal diagnosis of HLA class II deficient combined immunodeficiency Pediatric Research 38 5 812 6 doi 10 1203 00006450 199511000 00029 PMID 8552454 Bajorath J Aruffo A Feb 1996 Structure based modeling of the ligand binding domain of the human cell surface receptor CD23 and comparison of two independently derived molecular models Protein Science 5 2 240 7 doi 10 1002 pro 5560050207 PMC 2143337 PMID 8745401 Fremeaux Bacchi V Bernard I Maillet F Mani JC Fontaine M Bonnefoy JY Kazatchkine MD Fischer E Jul 1996 Human lymphocytes shed a soluble form of CD21 the C3dg Epstein Barr virus receptor CR2 that binds iC3b and CD23 European Journal of Immunology 26 7 1497 503 doi 10 1002 eji 1830260714 PMID 8766552 S2CID 31793325 External links editHuman FCER2 genome location and FCER2 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser PDBe KB provides an overview of all the structure information available in the PDB for Human Low affinity immunoglobulin epsilon Fc receptor Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title CD23 amp oldid 1189341250, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
