Farallón de Pájaros (from SpanishFarallón de Pájaros, meaning "Birds' Sea Stack", see Stack (geology)), also known as Uracus or Urracas (from Spanish Urracas, meaning "Magpies"), is a small (2.3 km2) uninhabited volcanic island, the northernmost island in the Northern Mariana Islands chain.
From 1899 to 1914, Farallón de Pájaros was controlled by the German Empire and was administered as part of the colony of German New Guinea. In 1903 the island was leased to a Japanese company, which hunted birds whose feathers were exported to Japan and then to Paris.[2]
In 1985, per the Constitution of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, the island was designated as a wilderness area for the protection and conservation of natural resources. Since 2009, the island has been part of Marianas Trench Marine National Monument of the United States.[3]
Farallón de Pájaros is the northernmost island of the Marianas chain. It is located 65 kilometers (40 mi) northwest of the Maug Islands and 591 km (367 mi) north of Saipan, the main island of the Northern Mariana Islands. Its northern neighbor is South Iwo Jima of the Ogasawara Islands of Japan, located 541 km (336 mi) away.
Farallón de Pájaros is nearly circular, with a length of 1.8 km (1.1 mi), a width of 1.6 km (0.99 mi) and has an area of 2.3 km2 (0.89 sq mi).[4] Farallón de Pájaros is the top of an active stratovolcano with a height of 360 meters (1,180 ft) above sea level. The base of this stratovolcano is about 2,000 feet (610 m) below sea level, it has a diameter of 15 to 20 kilometers.
Volcanic activity
Between 1864 and 1953, 15 volcanic eruptions of Farallón de Pájaros have been recorded.[5]
In the area of Farallón de Pájaros are two submarine volcanoes: The Makhahnas Seamount located about 10 km (6.2 mi) southwest, reaching a height of 640 m (2,100 ft) below sea level, and last erupted in 1967. The Ahyi Seamount located about 18 km (11 mi) south-east and reaches a height of 79 m (259 ft) below sea level.[6] It is associated with a possible eruption in 1979, an eruption in 2001, and a series of underwater eruptions from 24 April to 17 May 2014, with hydrothermal activity continuing at least to December 2014.[7]
Russell E. Brainard et al.: Coral reef ecosystem monitoring report of the Mariana Archipelago: 2003–2007. (=PIFSC Special Publication, SP-12-01) NOAA Fisheries, Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center 2012 (Kapitel Farallon de Pajaros (englisch, PDF, 10,4 MB)).
^Tepp, Gabrielle; Chadwick, William W.; Haney, Matthew M.; Lyons, John J.; Dziak, Robert P.; Merle, Susan G.; Butterfield, David A.; Young, Charles W. (July 2019). "Hydroacoustic, Seismic, and Bathymetric Observations of the 2014 Submarine Eruption at Ahyi Seamount, Mariana Arc". Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems. 20 (7): 3608–3627. doi:10.1029/2019GC008311. ISSN 1525-2027. S2CID 198407967.
^"Ahyi". Global Volcanism Program. Smithsonian Institution. April 2017. Retrieved 3 February 2020. Global Volcanism Program, 2017. Report on Ahyi (United States) (Crafford, A.E., and Venzke, E., eds.). Bulletin of the Global Volcanism Network, 42:4. Smithsonian Institution. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.GVP.BGVN201704-284141.{{cite web}}: External link in |quote= (help)
^"Uracus". BirdLife Data Zone. BirdLife International. 2021. Retrieved 9 February 2021.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Farallon de Pajaros.
farallon, pajaros, farallón, pájaros, from, spanish, farallón, pájaros, meaning, birds, stack, stack, geology, also, known, uracus, urracas, from, spanish, urracas, meaning, magpies, small, uninhabited, volcanic, island, northernmost, island, northern, mariana. Farallon de Pajaros from Spanish Farallon de Pajaros meaning Birds Sea Stack see Stack geology also known as Uracus or Urracas from Spanish Urracas meaning Magpies is a small 2 3 km2 uninhabited volcanic island the northernmost island in the Northern Mariana Islands chain Farallon de Pajarosview of Farallon de PajarosGeographyLocationPacific OceanCoordinates20 32 42 N 144 53 37 E 20 54500 N 144 89361 E 20 54500 144 89361ArchipelagoMariana IslandsArea2 2 km2 0 85 sq mi 1 Length1 8 km 1 12 mi Width1 6 km 0 99 mi Highest elevation360 m 1180 ft Highest pointFarallon de PajarosAdministrationUnited StatesCommonwealthNorthern Mariana IslandsDemographicsPopulation uninhabited 2010 Contents 1 History 2 Geography 2 1 Volcanic activity 2 2 Important Bird Area 3 See also 4 References 5 Notes 6 External linksHistory EditPresumably Farallon de Pajaros was never permanently inhabited citation needed Farallon de Pajaros was ceded by Spain to Germany through the German Spanish Treaty 1899 toghether with the rest of the Mariana Islands except Guam The formalities of cession were carried on November 17 1899 in Saipan for all the Northern Mariana Islands From 1899 to 1914 Farallon de Pajaros was controlled by the German Empire and was administered as part of the colony of German New Guinea In 1903 the island was leased to a Japanese company which hunted birds whose feathers were exported to Japan and then to Paris 2 After World War I the island was awarded to the Empire of Japan by the League of Nations as part of the South Seas Mandate After World War II Farallon de Pajaros was awarded to the United States as part of the UN Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands and is currently administered as part of the Northern Islands Municipality of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands In 1985 per the Constitution of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands the island was designated as a wilderness area for the protection and conservation of natural resources Since 2009 the island has been part of Marianas Trench Marine National Monument of the United States 3 Geography Edit Bathymetry around Farallon de Pajaros Map including Farallon de Pajaros DMA 1983 Farallon de Pajaros is the northernmost island of the Marianas chain It is located 65 kilometers 40 mi northwest of the Maug Islands and 591 km 367 mi north of Saipan the main island of the Northern Mariana Islands Its northern neighbor is South Iwo Jima of the Ogasawara Islands of Japan located 541 km 336 mi away Farallon de Pajaros is nearly circular with a length of 1 8 km 1 1 mi a width of 1 6 km 0 99 mi and has an area of 2 3 km2 0 89 sq mi 4 Farallon de Pajaros is the top of an active stratovolcano with a height of 360 meters 1 180 ft above sea level The base of this stratovolcano is about 2 000 feet 610 m below sea level it has a diameter of 15 to 20 kilometers Volcanic activity Edit Between 1864 and 1953 15 volcanic eruptions of Farallon de Pajaros have been recorded 5 In the area of Farallon de Pajaros are two submarine volcanoes The Makhahnas Seamount located about 10 km 6 2 mi southwest reaching a height of 640 m 2 100 ft below sea level and last erupted in 1967 The Ahyi Seamount located about 18 km 11 mi south east and reaches a height of 79 m 259 ft below sea level 6 It is associated with a possible eruption in 1979 an eruption in 2001 and a series of underwater eruptions from 24 April to 17 May 2014 with hydrothermal activity continuing at least to December 2014 7 Important Bird Area Edit The island has been recognised as an Important Bird Area IBA by BirdLife International because it supports populations of Micronesian megapodes and sooty terns 8 See also EditOkinotorishimaReferences EditHorst Lehne and Christoph Gabler Uber die Marianen Lehne Verlag Wohldorf in Germany 1972 Russell E Brainard et al Coral reef ecosystem monitoring report of the Mariana Archipelago 2003 2007 PIFSC Special Publication SP 12 01 NOAA Fisheries Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center 2012 Kapitel Farallon de Pajaros englisch PDF 10 4 MB Notes Edit 17FARALLON DE PAJAROS PDF National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration p 49 Archived PDF from the original on 15 November 2020 Retrieved 15 November 2020 Gerd Hardach Konig Kopra Die Marianen unter deutscher Herrschaft 1899 1914 Steiner Stuttgart 1990 ISBN 3 515 05762 5 S 133f Brainard Coral reef ecosystem monitoring report S 4 Brainard Coral reef ecosystem monitoring report S 1 Farallon de Pajaros Global Volcanism Program Smithsonian Institution Retrieved 2020 01 09 Tepp Gabrielle Chadwick William W Haney Matthew M Lyons John J Dziak Robert P Merle Susan G Butterfield David A Young Charles W July 2019 Hydroacoustic Seismic and Bathymetric Observations of the 2014 Submarine Eruption at Ahyi Seamount Mariana Arc Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems 20 7 3608 3627 doi 10 1029 2019GC008311 ISSN 1525 2027 S2CID 198407967 Ahyi Global Volcanism Program Smithsonian Institution April 2017 Retrieved 3 February 2020 Global Volcanism Program 2017 Report on Ahyi United States Crafford A E and Venzke E eds Bulletin of the Global Volcanism Network 42 4 Smithsonian Institution https doi org 10 5479 si GVP BGVN201704 284141 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a External link in code class cs1 code quote code help Uracus BirdLife Data Zone BirdLife International 2021 Retrieved 9 February 2021 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Farallon de Pajaros Farallon de Pajaros Global Volcanism Program Smithsonian Institution Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Farallon de Pajaros amp oldid 1140564227, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
