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Ezio Rosi

Ezio Rosi (Vicenza, 19 March 1881 – Bologna, 5 January 1963) was an Italian general during World War II. He commanded the Sixth Army from 1941 to 1943, and after a brief period as Army Chief of Staff, he assumed command of Army Group East in 1943.

Biography edit

Rosi was born in Vicenza on March 19, 1881, and after enlisting in the Royal Italian Army he attended the Application School of Artillery and Engineers in Turin, graduating as second lieutenant. He was promoted to lieutenant on September 1, 1903. He participated in the First World War, and on 29 April he was promoted to the rank of major; at the end of the war he held the rank of lieutenant colonel and had been awarded the title of Knight of the Order of the Crown of Italy Bronze Medal for Military Valour. On 19 May 1919 he was awarded the title of Knight of the Military Order of Savoy; after promotion to colonel he became commander of the 11th Artillery Regiment.[1]

In August 1928 he was appointed chief of staff of the Military Command of Sicily. In 1935–1936, during the Second Italo-Ethiopian War, holding the rank of brigadier general he served as director general of Logistics Services at the Ministry of War, and at the end of the conflict he was promoted to the rank of major general for exceptional merits. Between the 1937 and 1938 he held the position of commander of the 21st Infantry Division Granatieri di Sardegna, succeeding General Carlo Geloso.[2][1]

When the Kingdom of Italy entered World War II on 10 June 1940, Rosi assumed command of the VI Army Corps that was being raised in Bologna. On 15 February 1941 he was appointed commander of the Sixth Army, stationed in southern Italy, Sicily and Sardinia and tasked with coastal and territorial defense.[3][4]

On 2 February 1943 Rosi became of Chief of Staff of the Army, replacing General Vittorio Ambrosio who had become Chief of the General Staff. He left the post in May, and on 1 June 1943 he assumed command of Army Group East, with headquarters in Tirana, composed of the Ninth Army (General Renzo Dalmazzo), stationed in Albania, and of the Eleventh Army (General Carlo Vecchiarelli), stationed in Greece. On 1 July 1943 he was promoted to full general, but in August the 11th Army was removed from his authority and transferred under the jurisdiction of General Alexander Löhr's Heeresgruppe E.[5][4][6][7]

On 8 September he learned of the proclamation of the Armistice of Cassibile from the radio. He unsuccessfully tried to contact the Supreme Command, but did not receive any instructions about how to deal with the new situation until 00.30 on 9 September, when he received a brief and ambiguous telex which in its conclusion forbade any hostile initiative against German forces. Starting from 10 pm of that night he entered into negotiations with the commander of the 2nd Panzer Army, General Lothar Rendulic; the talks continued for two days and finally an agreement was reached with General Hans Bessel. The agreement stated that the troops under Rosi's command would be repatriated after handing over heavy and collective weapons to the Germans, whereas they would be allowed to retain light weapons. This agreement was reached at dawn on 11 September, but at eleven in the same morning German armored units under General Walter Gnamm surrounded Rosi's headquarters and captured him along with his entire staff. The General was taken to Belgrade and then to Vienna, while General Dalmazzo temporarily replaced him and ordered his troops to hand over all weapons to the Germans.[6][8][9][10]

Refusing to collaborate, Rosi was imprisoned in officer POW Camp 64Z in Schokken, Poland, and later transferred to the punishment camp of Toruń for having maintained his strongly anti-German positions and for having refused to join the Italian Social Republic. He was later handed over to RSI authorities and tried by the Fascist Special Tribunal; the trial, which began on 28 January 1944, ended with his acquittal from all charges, and he was released from the Brescia prison in January 1945. However, given his personal anti-fascist and anti-German sentiments he was subjected to special surveillance measures, which ended on April 25, 1945, with the end of the war in Italy.[11][12][13][14]

He died in Bologna on January 5, 1963.[1]

References edit

  1. ^ a b c "Biography of General Ezio Rosi (1881 – 1963), Italy". generals.dk. Retrieved Jan 3, 2023.
  2. ^ Enzo Cataldi, Storia dei Granatieri di Sardegna, p. 203
  3. ^ Giorgio Grilletta, KR 40-43: cronache di guerra, p. 203
  4. ^ a b Giorgio Candeloro, La seconda guerra mondiale, il crollo del fascismo, la resistenza 1939-1945, p. 120
  5. ^ Mario Ragionieri, E. Nistri e M. Rossi, 25 luglio 1943: il suicidio inconsapevole di un regime, p. 205
  6. ^ a b Pierpaolo Meccariello, La Guardia di Finanza e l'8 settembre 1943, in Rivista della Guardia di Finanza, n. 6, pp. 30–31
  7. ^ "I Capi di SME – Esercito Italiano".
  8. ^ Elena Aga Rossi, Una nazione allo sbando. 8 settembre 1943, pp. 158–159
  9. ^ "La Resistenza dei militari italiani all'estero: l'Albania". www.anpi.it (in Italian).
  10. ^ "ALBANIA (Da pag 188 a pag 678) by Biblioteca Militare – Issuu". issuu.com.
  11. ^ "[PDF] la risposta 30 Riceviamo da - Free Download PDF".
  12. ^ Trionfi, Maria (2 December 2013). Il diario dell'attesa: Storia di una famiglia (1943–1945). ISBN 9788898801039.
  13. ^ "La Relazione alla Commissione Accertamenti – Carlo Vecchiarelli". www.carlovecchiarelli.it (in Italian). Retrieved Jan 3, 2023.
  14. ^ Martini, Andrea; Melotto, Federico (6 April 2020). Un carcere, un assalto: Repressione fascista, gappismo e Resistenza a Verona. ISBN 9788833135342.

External links edit

  Media related to Ezio Rosi at Wikimedia Commons

ezio, rosi, vicenza, march, 1881, bologna, january, 1963, italian, general, during, world, commanded, sixth, army, from, 1941, 1943, after, brief, period, army, chief, staff, assumed, command, army, group, east, 1943, born, 1881, march, 1881vicenza, kingdom, i. Ezio Rosi Vicenza 19 March 1881 Bologna 5 January 1963 was an Italian general during World War II He commanded the Sixth Army from 1941 to 1943 and after a brief period as Army Chief of Staff he assumed command of Army Group East in 1943 Ezio RosiBorn 1881 03 19 19 March 1881Vicenza Kingdom of ItalyDied19 July 1963 1963 07 19 aged 82 Bologna ItalyAllegiance Kingdom of ItalyService wbr branch Royal Italian ArmyRankGeneralCommands held11th Artillery Regiment21st Infantry Division Granatieri di SardegnaVI Army CorpsSixth ArmyArmy Chief of StaffArmy Group EastBattles warsWorld War I Second Italo Ethiopian War World War IIAwardsBronze Medal of Military Valour Order of the Crown of Italy Colonial Order of the Star of Italy Military Order of SavoyBiography editRosi was born in Vicenza on March 19 1881 and after enlisting in the Royal Italian Army he attended the Application School of Artillery and Engineers in Turin graduating as second lieutenant He was promoted to lieutenant on September 1 1903 He participated in the First World War and on 29 April he was promoted to the rank of major at the end of the war he held the rank of lieutenant colonel and had been awarded the title of Knight of the Order of the Crown of Italy Bronze Medal for Military Valour On 19 May 1919 he was awarded the title of Knight of the Military Order of Savoy after promotion to colonel he became commander of the 11th Artillery Regiment 1 In August 1928 he was appointed chief of staff of the Military Command of Sicily In 1935 1936 during the Second Italo Ethiopian War holding the rank of brigadier general he served as director general of Logistics Services at the Ministry of War and at the end of the conflict he was promoted to the rank of major general for exceptional merits Between the 1937 and 1938 he held the position of commander of the 21st Infantry Division Granatieri di Sardegna succeeding General Carlo Geloso 2 1 When the Kingdom of Italy entered World War II on 10 June 1940 Rosi assumed command of the VI Army Corps that was being raised in Bologna On 15 February 1941 he was appointed commander of the Sixth Army stationed in southern Italy Sicily and Sardinia and tasked with coastal and territorial defense 3 4 On 2 February 1943 Rosi became of Chief of Staff of the Army replacing General Vittorio Ambrosio who had become Chief of the General Staff He left the post in May and on 1 June 1943 he assumed command of Army Group East with headquarters in Tirana composed of the Ninth Army General Renzo Dalmazzo stationed in Albania and of the Eleventh Army General Carlo Vecchiarelli stationed in Greece On 1 July 1943 he was promoted to full general but in August the 11th Army was removed from his authority and transferred under the jurisdiction of General Alexander Lohr s Heeresgruppe E 5 4 6 7 On 8 September he learned of the proclamation of the Armistice of Cassibile from the radio He unsuccessfully tried to contact the Supreme Command but did not receive any instructions about how to deal with the new situation until 00 30 on 9 September when he received a brief and ambiguous telex which in its conclusion forbade any hostile initiative against German forces Starting from 10 pm of that night he entered into negotiations with the commander of the 2nd Panzer Army General Lothar Rendulic the talks continued for two days and finally an agreement was reached with General Hans Bessel The agreement stated that the troops under Rosi s command would be repatriated after handing over heavy and collective weapons to the Germans whereas they would be allowed to retain light weapons This agreement was reached at dawn on 11 September but at eleven in the same morning German armored units under General Walter Gnamm surrounded Rosi s headquarters and captured him along with his entire staff The General was taken to Belgrade and then to Vienna while General Dalmazzo temporarily replaced him and ordered his troops to hand over all weapons to the Germans 6 8 9 10 Refusing to collaborate Rosi was imprisoned in officer POW Camp 64Z in Schokken Poland and later transferred to the punishment camp of Torun for having maintained his strongly anti German positions and for having refused to join the Italian Social Republic He was later handed over to RSI authorities and tried by the Fascist Special Tribunal the trial which began on 28 January 1944 ended with his acquittal from all charges and he was released from the Brescia prison in January 1945 However given his personal anti fascist and anti German sentiments he was subjected to special surveillance measures which ended on April 25 1945 with the end of the war in Italy 11 12 13 14 He died in Bologna on January 5 1963 1 References edit a b c Biography of General Ezio Rosi 1881 1963 Italy generals dk Retrieved Jan 3 2023 Enzo Cataldi Storia dei Granatieri di Sardegna p 203 Giorgio Grilletta KR 40 43 cronache di guerra p 203 a b Giorgio Candeloro La seconda guerra mondiale il crollo del fascismo la resistenza 1939 1945 p 120 Mario Ragionieri E Nistri e M Rossi 25 luglio 1943 il suicidio inconsapevole di un regime p 205 a b Pierpaolo Meccariello La Guardia di Finanza e l 8 settembre 1943 in Rivista della Guardia di Finanza n 6 pp 30 31 I Capi di SME Esercito Italiano Elena Aga Rossi Una nazione allo sbando 8 settembre 1943 pp 158 159 La Resistenza dei militari italiani all estero l Albania www anpi it in Italian ALBANIA Da pag 188 a pag 678 by Biblioteca Militare Issuu issuu com PDF la risposta 30 Riceviamo da Free Download PDF Trionfi Maria 2 December 2013 Il diario dell attesa Storia di una famiglia 1943 1945 ISBN 9788898801039 La Relazione alla Commissione Accertamenti Carlo Vecchiarelli www carlovecchiarelli it in Italian Retrieved Jan 3 2023 Martini Andrea Melotto Federico 6 April 2020 Un carcere un assalto Repressione fascista gappismo e Resistenza a Verona ISBN 9788833135342 External links edit nbsp Media related to Ezio Rosi at Wikimedia Commons Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ezio Rosi amp oldid 1182603590, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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