Execution of Joseph Wood
Joseph Rudolph Wood III was an American convicted murderer executed on July 23, 2014, at Florence State Prison in Arizona, with a two-hour lethal injection procedure that was described as "botched".[3] Wood gasped and snorted for an hour and fifty-seven minutes after the drugs were injected, and the entire procedure took almost two hours; experts said the execution should have taken about ten minutes.[3]
Joseph Wood | |
|---|---|
Mugshot of Wood | |
| Born | Joseph Rudolph Wood III December 6, 1958[2] Belton, Texas, U.S. |
| Died | July 23, 2014 (aged 55) |
| Cause of death | Botched execution by lethal injection |
| Conviction(s) | First degree murder (2 counts) Aggravated assault (2 counts) |
| Criminal penalty | Death by lethal injection plus 30 years in prison (July 2, 1991) |
| Details | |
| Victims | Debra Dietz Eugene Dietz[1] |
Background edit
Wood had been convicted of murder and assault after shooting dead his estranged girlfriend Debra Dietz and her father, Eugene Dietz, on August 7, 1989.[4][5] Wood was convicted of two counts of first-degree murder and two counts of aggravated assault against a police officer. He was sentenced to death for each murder and received 15-year prison sentences, set to run concurrently, for the aggravated assault convictions.[6]
Wood was scheduled to be executed with a combination of midazolam and hydromorphone, which had been used only once previously for the January 2014 execution of Dennis McGuire in Ohio.[7] McGuire's execution had also been described as "botched" due to McGuire appearing to snort, gasp, and convulse during a procedure that lasted 25 minutes.[8][9] From 1890 to 2010, the rate of botched[a] lethal injections in the United States was 7.1%, higher than any other form of execution, with firing squads at 0%, the electric chair at 1.9%, hanging at 3.1%, and the gas chamber at 5.4%.[10]
Execution edit
The execution began at 1:52 p.m. MST and ended at 3:49 p.m. when Wood was pronounced dead. It involved injecting Wood with the drug cocktail of midazolam, a sedative, and hydromorphone, a semi-synthetic opioid,[11] each at a dose such that a single application of both drugs was supposed to be sufficient to kill him. Wood had to be dosed 15 times,[12] during which he gasped and snorted for well over one hour,[13] a media witness comparing Wood's breathing to a "fish gulping for air".[14] One Associated Press reporter said Wood gasped more than 600 times. Experts stated that the execution should have taken about ten minutes.[3]
Wood's lawyers filed an emergency appeal with the Supreme Court an hour into the procedure, requesting that the prolonged execution be halted. In the motion, they wrote: "He has been gasping and snorting for more than an hour. ... He is still alive." The appeal was denied by Justice Anthony Kennedy, with word coming half an hour after Wood's death.[3]
After the execution, Debra Dietz's sister told the Associated Press: "What I saw today with him being executed, it is nothing compared to what happened on August 7, 1989," Jeanne Brown said, referring to Wood's murder of her father and sister on that date. "What's excruciating is seeing your father lying there in a pool of blood, seeing your sister lying in a pool of blood."[15]
Aftermath edit
Governor Jan Brewer ordered a review of the state's execution procedures, citing concern with the length of time it took Wood to die.[1] Regarding the execution, Brewer said: "One thing is certain, however, inmate Wood died in a lawful manner and by eyewitness and medical accounts he did not suffer. This is in stark comparison to the gruesome, vicious suffering that he inflicted on his two victims – and the lifetime of suffering he has caused their family."[16]
Charles Ryan, director of Arizona's department of corrections, said in a statement: "Once the inmate was sedated, other than sonorous respiration, or snoring, he did not grimace or make any further movement. Throughout this execution, I conferred and collaborated with our IV team members and was assured unequivocally that the inmate was comatose and never in pain or distress."
Stephanie Grisham, then a spokeswoman for the Arizona attorney general's office, who was also a witness, said: "There was no gasping of air. There was snoring. He just [lay] there. It was quite peaceful."[17][18]
Dale Baich, Wood's public defender, decried the execution as a violation of the Constitution's prohibition of "cruel and unusual punishment", and said it could have been prevented.[13]
On July 24, 2014, Arizona temporarily halted executions following the Wood case, pending a review of its procedures.[19]
Executions did not resume in Arizona for eight years until June 8, 2022, when Clarence Dixon was executed for raping and murdering a 21-year-old woman.[20]
See also edit
Notes edit
- ^ Professor Austin Sarat of Amherst College defines a "botched" execution as one where "the executioners departed from official legal protocol or standard operating procedure".[10]
References edit
- ^ a b "Arizona Inmate Dies 2 Hours After Execution Begins". The Associated Press. July 23, 2014. Retrieved July 24, 2014.
- ^ "Joseph R. Wood III". The Arizona Republic. September 4, 2003. Retrieved July 24, 2014.
- ^ a b c d Hannon, Elliot (July 23, 2014). "Arizona Man Gasps and Snorts During Lethal Injection Execution That Took Nearly Two Hours". Slate. Retrieved July 24, 2014.
- ^ Kiefer, Michael (July 22, 2014). "Supreme Court lifts stay of Arizona execution". The Arizona Republic. Retrieved July 24, 2014.
- ^ Chappell, Bill (July 23, 2014). "Arizona Execution Of Inmate Takes Nearly Two Hours". NPR. Retrieved July 24, 2014.
- ^ "STATE v. WOOD | 180 Ariz. 53 (1994) | 0ariz531222". Leagle.com. October 11, 1994. Retrieved August 12, 2022.
- ^ Berman, Mark (July 23, 2014). "Arizona execution lasts nearly two hours, witness says Joseph Wood was 'gasping and struggling to breathe'". The Washington Post. Retrieved July 24, 2014.
- ^ Serwer, Adam (July 23, 2014). "Another botched execution, this time in Arizona". MSNBC. Retrieved July 24, 2014.
- ^ Ford, Dana; Fantz, Ashley (January 17, 2014). "Controversial execution in Ohio uses new drug combination". CNN. Retrieved July 24, 2014.
- ^ a b Siegelbaum, Debbie (July 31, 2014). "America's 'inexorably' botched executions". BBC News. Retrieved August 1, 2014.
- ^ Ortega, Bob (July 14, 2014). "Execution of Arizona murderer takes nearly 2 hours". The Republic. Retrieved October 5, 2016.
- ^ Serwer, Adam (August 2, 2014). "Lethal drugs injected 15 times in botched Arizona execution". MSNBC. Retrieved August 2, 2014.
- ^ a b Connor, Tracy (July 23, 2014). "Arizona Execution of Joseph Wood Took Nearly Two Hours". NBC. Retrieved July 24, 2014.
- ^ Ford, Dana; Watts, Amanda; Hanna, Jason (July 23, 2014). "Inmate gasped, snorted during two-hour execution". CNN. Retrieved July 24, 2014.
- ^ Dart, Tom (July 24, 2014). "'Judge, I just learned that the IV team leader has confirmed Mr Wood's death'". The Guardian. Retrieved May 11, 2022.
- ^ "Arizona execution takes two hours". BBC News. July 23, 2014. Retrieved July 24, 2014.
- ^ Srikrishnan, Matt Pearce, Cindy Carcamo, Maya (July 24, 2014). "Arizona killer takes 2 hours to die, fueling lethal-injection debate – Los Angeles Times". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved October 17, 2018.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ "It's Time to End Our State-Sponsored Barbarism". esquire.com. July 24, 2014. Retrieved October 17, 2018.
- ^ "Arizona halts executions after Joseph Wood case". BBC News. July 24, 2014. Retrieved July 25, 2014.
- ^ Davenport, Paul; Billeaud, Jacques (May 11, 2022). "Clarence Dixon dies in Arizona's 1st execution since 2014". Associated Press. Retrieved May 11, 2022.