Eric Crozier
Eric Crozier OBE (14 November 1914 – 7 September 1994) was a British theatrical director, opera librettist and producer, long associated with Benjamin Britten.
Early life and career
Crozier was born in London and studied at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art and at the British Institute in Paris, working as a translator and giving English lessons. In Paris he joined Jacques Copeau's La Compagnie des Quinze, known for championing experimental drama.[1] Returning to England, he became one of the first drama producers for BBC Television, a position that his friendship with the actor Stephen Haggard helped him to obtain.[2] Productions during that time included Turn Round (1937) and Telecrime (1938).[3] Crozier joined the Old Vic theatre, working with Tyrone Guthrie, then moved during the war to the Sadlers Wells Opera Company where he directed Smetana's The Bartered Bride in 1943 with Peter Pears in the lead role.[4]
Association with Britten
The association with Benjamin Britten began when Crozier directed his first opera, Peter Grimes, which had its world premiere at Sadler's Wells on 7 June 1945.[5] Although this was both a critical and a commercial success[6] there were many difficulties over its staging, including objections both to the music and to Britten's pacifism. Crozier fiercely defended the opera, and after the premiere he resigned from the company due to the lukewarm support he had received from the management.[1]
Instead, Crozier founded the English Opera Group in 1947, and co-founded (with Britten) the Aldeburgh Festival in 1948. He directed his second wife, Nancy Evans, in the role of Lucretia in the 1946 premiere of Britten's opera The Rape of Lucretia at Glyndebourne, and later succeeded Peter Pears as director of the Aldeburgh Festival. His first opera libretto for Britten was Albert Herring (1947). He wrote the librettos for the cantata Saint Nicholas (1948), the children's opera Let's Make an Opera (1949), and (with E.M Forster) Billy Budd at Covent Garden in 1951.
Other work
Crozier wrote the libretto for Ruth, a 1956 sacred opera by Lennox Berkeley, after the Old Testament Book of Ruth.[7] He also worked closely with Arthur Bliss, contributing the words for his Cradle Song for a Newborn Child (1964)[8] as well as helping him with the proofs and advising on the content of his biography As I Remember (1970).[9] Crozier translated many opera librettos into English, including The Bartered Bride, La Traviata, Otello and Falstaff (with Joan Cross), and Idomeneo, Salome and Die Frau ohne Schatten.[2]
Personal life
Crozier was married twice: first (in 1936 to stage designer and actress Biddy Crozier (born Ada Margaret Johns, 1915-2004) with whom he had two daughters, and then to the mezzo soprano Nancy Evans in 1949. (Evans' first husband was the record producer Walter Legge).[10] In retirement they lived at Great Glemham, not far from Snape Maltings. He and Nancy were appointed OBEs in the 1991 New Year Honours list.[1] The Eric Crozier and Nancy Evans archives are preserved at Aldeburgh.[11] He died after a long period of ill-health at Granville in France.
References
- ^ a b c Calder, John. Obituary, The Independent, 23 October, 2011
- ^ a b Biography, Royal Opera House
- ^ Biography, IMDb
- ^ Nedbalm, Martin. 'Reinterpreting The Bartered Bride' in Journal of Musicological Research, 34:4 (2015) pp. 275-298
- ^ Banks, Paul (ed.): The Making of Peter Grimes: Essays and Studies (1997)
- ^ See, for example, "Sadler's Wells Opera – Peter Grimes", The Times (London), 8 June 1945, p. 6, and Glock, William. "Music", The Observer, 10 June 1945, p. 2
- ^ Griffel, Margaret Ross. Operas in English: A Dictionary (2012), p.427
- ^ Sugden, John. Bliss (1997), p. 27
- ^ Cambridge University Press. Letters to and from Arthur Bliss written between 1966 and the end of 1971
- ^ 'Evans, Nancy', obituary in The Guardian, 21 August, 2000
- ^ "Britten-Pears Foundation - Home". brittenpears.org. Retrieved 30 July 2015.
External links
- An interview with Eric Crozier recorded in 1992 - a British Library sound recording