Eresus sandaliatus is a species of spider found primarily in northern and central Europe. Like other species of the genus Eresus, it is commonly called ladybird spider because of the coloration of the male.
Male E. sandaliatus are generally 6 to 9 millimetres (0.24 to 0.35 in) (a little bit smaller than other species of the E. cinnaberinus complex) and characterized by a bright orange back featuring four large and two small ebony spots. White hairs are never present on the back, and legs always lack red hairs. In contrast, the females are 10 to 16 millimetres (0.39 to 0.63 in) and jet-black.
Habitsedit
Males enter the adult stage in early September, but overwinter in their webs and search for females only in May or June of the next year. Otherwise, this species is very similar to other species of E. cinnaberinus complex. After the 35-80 eggs hatch, the spiderlings receive a liquid from the mouth of the female. The female later seems to digest its own body, which leads to her death a few days later. The spiderlings then suck on the mother. The next spring they leave the web and build their own in close vicinity.[2]
In 1993 it was estimated that only about 50 individual ladybird spiders were left in Britain, mainly due to deprivation of an appropriate habitat. In 2000, however, over 600 separate ladybird spiders were counted, probably owing to the efforts of English Nature's Species Recovery Programme and affiliated operations. It is currently the focus of a Back from the Brink conservation project, which aims to translocate spiders to start new populations.[4]
In France, it is classified as near threatened.[5] In Germany, it is listed as highly endangered.[6] And in Sweden, it is listed as vulnerable due to its high risk of extinction.[7]
Referencesedit
^Řezáč, M.; Pekár, S.; Johannesen, J. (2008). "Taxonomic review and phylogenetic analysis of central European Eresus species (Araneae: Eresidae)". Zoologica Scripta. 37 (3): 263–287. doi:10.1111/j.1463-6409.2008.00328.x. S2CID 85578392.
^Bellmann, H. (1997). Kosmos-Atlas Spinnentiere Europas. Kosmos.
^"Taxon details Eresus sandaliatus (Martini & Goeze, 1778)". World Spider Catalog. Natural History Museum Bern. Retrieved 2021-05-18.
^"Artfakta från SLU Artdatabanken". artfakta.se (in Swedish). Retrieved 2024-04-30.
Bibliographyedit
, 2004. Retrieved January 14, 2006.
Johannesen J, Veith M (July 2001). "Population history of Eresus cinnaberinus (Araneae: Eresidae) colour variants at a putative species transition". Heredity. 87 (Pt 1): 114–24. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2540.2001.00915.x. PMID 11678993.
January 01, 1970
eresus, sandaliatus, species, spider, found, primarily, northern, central, europe, like, other, species, genus, eresus, commonly, called, ladybird, spider, because, coloration, male, scientific, classification, domain, eukaryota, kingdom, animalia, phylum, art. Eresus sandaliatus is a species of spider found primarily in northern and central Europe Like other species of the genus Eresus it is commonly called ladybird spider because of the coloration of the male Eresus sandaliatus Scientific classification Domain Eukaryota Kingdom Animalia Phylum Arthropoda Subphylum Chelicerata Class Arachnida Order Araneae Infraorder Araneomorphae Family Eresidae Genus Eresus Species E sandaliatus Binomial name Eresus sandaliatus Martini amp Goeze 1778 Synonyms Aranea sandaliata Aranea purpurata Eresus annulatus Erythrophorus annulatus E sandaliatus is one of the three species into which Eresus cinnaberinus or Eresus niger has been divided 1 Contents 1 Description 2 Habits 3 Distribution 4 Conservation 5 References 6 BibliographyDescription editMale E sandaliatus are generally 6 to 9 millimetres 0 24 to 0 35 in a little bit smaller than other species of the E cinnaberinus complex and characterized by a bright orange back featuring four large and two small ebony spots White hairs are never present on the back and legs always lack red hairs In contrast the females are 10 to 16 millimetres 0 39 to 0 63 in and jet black Habits editMales enter the adult stage in early September but overwinter in their webs and search for females only in May or June of the next year Otherwise this species is very similar to other species of E cinnaberinus complex After the 35 80 eggs hatch the spiderlings receive a liquid from the mouth of the female The female later seems to digest its own body which leads to her death a few days later The spiderlings then suck on the mother The next spring they leave the web and build their own in close vicinity 2 Distribution editE sandaliatus is native to Europe 3 Conservation editIt is classified as endangered by the British Red Data Book and hence protected under the 1981 Wildlife and Countryside Act In 1993 it was estimated that only about 50 individual ladybird spiders were left in Britain mainly due to deprivation of an appropriate habitat In 2000 however over 600 separate ladybird spiders were counted probably owing to the efforts of English Nature s Species Recovery Programme and affiliated operations It is currently the focus of a Back from the Brink conservation project which aims to translocate spiders to start new populations 4 In France it is classified as near threatened 5 In Germany it is listed as highly endangered 6 And in Sweden it is listed as vulnerable due to its high risk of extinction 7 References edit Rezac M Pekar S Johannesen J 2008 Taxonomic review and phylogenetic analysis of central European Eresus species Araneae Eresidae Zoologica Scripta 37 3 263 287 doi 10 1111 j 1463 6409 2008 00328 x S2CID 85578392 Bellmann H 1997 Kosmos Atlas Spinnentiere Europas Kosmos Taxon details Eresus sandaliatus Martini amp Goeze 1778 World Spider Catalog Natural History Museum Bern Retrieved 2021 05 18 Ladybird Spider La Liste rouge des especes menacees en France PDF in French Internetredaktion Redaktion BMBF LS5 Detailseite Rote Liste Zentrum Rote Liste Zentrum Rote Liste Zentrum Rote Liste Zentrum Rote Liste Zentrum in German Retrieved 2024 04 30 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint numeric names authors list link Artfakta fran SLU Artdatabanken artfakta se in Swedish Retrieved 2024 04 30 Bibliography editARKive Ladybird spider 2004 Retrieved January 14 2006 Johannesen J Veith M July 2001 Population history of Eresus cinnaberinus Araneae Eresidae colour variants at a putative species transition Heredity 87 Pt 1 114 24 doi 10 1046 j 1365 2540 2001 00915 x PMID 11678993 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Eresus sandaliatus amp oldid 1221471126, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
