The Raetzer's ringlet (Erebia christi) is a species of butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Italy and Switzerland. Its natural habitat is temperate grassland. It is one of the rarest European butterflies, having not more than six or seven populations.
E. christi Rätzer (36 c). This species comes nearest to cassiope, being however at least one-third larger. The forewing more elongate than in cassiope, apex and distal margin rounded, also in the hindwing, the apex of the latter being obtusely pointed in cassiope. The brown transverse band of the forewing is of even width and runs parallel with the distal margin, being sharply defined proximally and distally and separated by the veins into spots, usually 6. The 2. and 3. of these spots counted from the costal side are not prolonged both ways as is cassiope, but are of the same size as the others. In the upper spots there is a straight row of 3 or 4 black dots, of which the 2 middle ones are always larger than the others. The hindwing bears 4, more rarely 3, oval russet-yellow spots with ovate black dots, which in the female are sometimes prolonged to streaks. The underside of the forewing is russet-brown, being darker basally, the lighter band contrasting distinctly with the central area. Costal and distal margins brown-grey. Only the 2 central black dots are as large as above, while the others are either completely absent or are represented but by small black specks. The hindwing beneath violet-grey, with a darker dentate band, which is obsolete in the female, but distinct in the male. — The only locality so far known is the Laquin Valley at the southern Simplon-road below the village of Simplon. The flight-place is very limited, having only an extent of 5–600 m, consisting of grassy and flowery slopes covered with rocks and boulders. The butterfly is not abundant.[2] Wheeler (1903) gives a short description. [3]
Biologyedit
The butterflies often bask in the sun with their wings wide open. The males congregate regularly on damp ground. The females visit different nectar plants and are especially fond of thyme. They lay their eggs on the dry grass stems of Festuca ovina. Before completing their development, the caterpillars hibernate twice.[4]
Referencesedit
^van Swaay, C.; Wynhoff, I.; Verovnik, R.; Wiemers, M.; López Munguira, M.; Maes, D.; Sasic, M.; Verstrael, T.; Warren, M.; Settele, J. (2010). "Erebia christi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010: e.T39491A10232607. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-1.RLTS.T39491A10232607.en. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
^Georg Eiffinger in Seitz, A. ed. Band 1: Abt. 1, Die Großschmetterlinge des palaearktischen Faunengebietes, Die palaearktischen Tagfalter, 1909, 379 Seiten, mit 89 kolorierten Tafeln (3470 Figuren) This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
^Wheeler, George.The butterflies of Switzerland and the alps of central Europe. London: Elliot Stock, 1903. pdf
^C. Van Swaay; et al. (2012). "Dos and Don'ts for butterflies of the Habitats Directive of the European Union". Nature Conservation. 1: 73–153. doi:10.3897/natureconservation.1.2786.
External linksedit
Guy Padfield's European Butterfly Page
This Satyrini article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
raetzer, ringlet, erebia, christi, species, butterfly, family, nymphalidae, found, italy, switzerland, natural, habitat, temperate, grassland, rarest, european, butterflies, having, more, than, seven, populations, conservation, statusvulnerable, iucn, scientif. The Raetzer s ringlet Erebia christi is a species of butterfly in the family Nymphalidae It is found in Italy and Switzerland Its natural habitat is temperate grassland It is one of the rarest European butterflies having not more than six or seven populations Raetzer s ringletConservation statusVulnerable IUCN 3 1 1 Scientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ArthropodaClass InsectaOrder LepidopteraFamily NymphalidaeGenus ErebiaSpecies E christiBinomial nameErebia christiRatzer 1890 Museum specimens Switzerland Wheeler collection Ulster Museum Contents 1 Description in Seitz 2 Biology 3 References 4 External linksDescription in Seitz editFor a key to the terms used see Glossary of entomology terms E christi Ratzer 36 c This species comes nearest to cassiope being however at least one third larger The forewing more elongate than in cassiope apex and distal margin rounded also in the hindwing the apex of the latter being obtusely pointed in cassiope The brown transverse band of the forewing is of even width and runs parallel with the distal margin being sharply defined proximally and distally and separated by the veins into spots usually 6 The 2 and 3 of these spots counted from the costal side are not prolonged both ways as is cassiope but are of the same size as the others In the upper spots there is a straight row of 3 or 4 black dots of which the 2 middle ones are always larger than the others The hindwing bears 4 more rarely 3 oval russet yellow spots with ovate black dots which in the female are sometimes prolonged to streaks The underside of the forewing is russet brown being darker basally the lighter band contrasting distinctly with the central area Costal and distal margins brown grey Only the 2 central black dots are as large as above while the others are either completely absent or are represented but by small black specks The hindwing beneath violet grey with a darker dentate band which is obsolete in the female but distinct in the male The only locality so far known is the Laquin Valley at the southern Simplon road below the village of Simplon The flight place is very limited having only an extent of 5 600 m consisting of grassy and flowery slopes covered with rocks and boulders The butterfly is not abundant 2 Wheeler 1903 gives a short description 3 Biology editThe butterflies often bask in the sun with their wings wide open The males congregate regularly on damp ground The females visit different nectar plants and are especially fond of thyme They lay their eggs on the dry grass stems of Festuca ovina Before completing their development the caterpillars hibernate twice 4 References edit van Swaay C Wynhoff I Verovnik R Wiemers M Lopez Munguira M Maes D Sasic M Verstrael T Warren M Settele J 2010 Erebia christi IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2010 e T39491A10232607 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2010 1 RLTS T39491A10232607 en Retrieved 17 November 2021 Georg Eiffinger in Seitz A ed Band 1 Abt 1 Die Grossschmetterlinge des palaearktischen Faunengebietes Die palaearktischen Tagfalter 1909 379 Seiten mit 89 kolorierten Tafeln 3470 Figuren nbsp This article incorporates text from this source which is in the public domain Wheeler George The butterflies of Switzerland and the alps of central Europe London Elliot Stock 1903 pdf C Van Swaay et al 2012 Dos and Don ts for butterflies of the Habitats Directive of the European Union Nature Conservation 1 73 153 doi 10 3897 natureconservation 1 2786 External links editGuy Padfield s European Butterfly Page This Satyrini article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Raetzer 27s ringlet amp oldid 1205796559, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
